Biomedical subjects

S Saiki

Publications and source records attributed to S Saiki.

166 records · Page 10Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Differences in biliary lipid excretion after major hepatectomy in obstructive jaundiced rats with preoperative internal, external, or no biliary drainage.

Necessity of preoperative biliary drainage for patients with obstructive jaundice is still controversial. We recently reported that liver regeneration after major hepatectomy was better restored in a rat model of obstructive jaundice with preoperative internal biliary drainage than that without biliary drainage or with external biliary drainage. The aim of this study was to investigate the differences in biliary lipid excretion after hepatectomy in obstructive jaundiced rats with or without preoperative internal or external biliary drainage. After bile duct ligation for 7 days, rats were randomly divided into the three groups; obstructive jaundice-hepatectomy (OJ-Hx), internal biliary drainage-hepatectomy (ID-Hx), and external biliary drainage-hepatectomy (ED-Hx) groups. 70% hepatectomy and internal biliary drainage were carried out 7 days after biliary decompression in the latter two groups and without biliary decompression in the OJ-Hx group. On the day of and on days 1, 2, 3 and 7 after hepatectomy, the liver weight, DNA synthesis rate, biliary lipids excretion rates, and bile acid composition were determined. In the ID-Hx group, the DNA synthesis rate and relative liver weight were significantly higher than those of the OJ-Hx and ED-Hx groups. The excretion rates of biliary lipids were disturbed in the ED-Hx group compared with those in the ID-Hx group and the values in the OJ-Hx group were in-between the ID-Hx and ED-Hx group. The liver regeneration rate was significantly correlated with bile flow and excretion rates of biliary lipids. The maintenance of enterohepatic circulation of biliary lipids before hepatectomy may be important for the liver regeneration.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical studies on peripheral hemodynamics in arterial hypertension.

Digital blood pressure and flow were measured in both normal subjects and patients with essential hypertension by means of the apparatus which have been recently devised, and peripheral vascular resistance was calculated according to Poiseuille's law in order to compare them. 1. Digital blood pressure is higher, the digital blood flow is less and the peripheral vascular resistance is stronger in patients with essential hypertension than in normotensives. 2. Hypertensive patients with ischemic heart disease, calcification of the aortic arch, left ventricular hypertrophy and heart size greater than 53% of the cardio-thoracic ratio were higher in the digital pressure, less in the digital flow, and stronger in the peripheral vascular resistance than those without these findings of the heart and the aortic arch. 3. The curve of relationship obtained from many cases of both normotensives and hypertensives between the digital blood flow and the peripheral vascular resistance forms a hyperbola. 4. Peripheral vascular resistance in both normotensives and hypertensives increased gradually with age up to 50-60 years, and decreased slightly thereafter. The resistance was stronger in patients with essential hypertension than in normotensives through all ages.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Carcinoma of the extrahepatic bile duct: mode of spread and its prognostic implications.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The postoperative course of patients with bile duct carcinoma after surgical resection remains dismal. The purpose of this study was to examine the mode of spread from the original site of the carcinoma and its prognostic significance. METHODOLOGY: A total of 46 Japanese patients with extrahepatic bile duct carcinoma who underwent surgical resection from January 1976 to August 1995 were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: Out of 24 patients with upper bile duct carcinoma, 16 (67%) were papillary or well differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma of the polypoid or nodular type on gross configuration, whereas 7 of 11 patients (64%) with lower bile duct carcinoma had moderately differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma or poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the annular constrictive or diffusely infiltrating type (p < 0.01). A noteworthy feature was perineural invasion (18/24, 75%) in the former group. Lymphatic permeation and venous invasion were seen in 50% and 38% of the former group and these were present in 73%, and in 73% of the latter (p < 0.01). Lymph node metastasis was most frequent in patients with lower bile duct carcinoma (5/11, 45%). Periductal spread along the bile duct toward the liver was more frequent and extensive in the infiltrating type than in the polypoid, nodular, or annular constrictive type. Carcinoma of the polypoid type often extended along the mucosa and rarely through the periductal layer. The mean distance between the edge of carcinoma invasion estimated by cholangiography and that proved by histology on the resected specimens was 6.1 +/- 6.1 mm in the hepatic and 6.2 +/- 9.1 mm in the duodenal direction. In all 11 patients with lower bile duct carcinoma, surgical margins were free of cancer cells, while they were affected by malignant cells in 17 of 24 patients with upper bile duct carcinoma. Univariate log-rank analysis showed that venous invasion, perineural infiltration, and the presence or absence of cancer cells at the cut edge of the bile duct in the hepatic direction and at the resection margins in the transverse direction were significant prognostic factors. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that cancer cells at the edge of the bile duct in the hepatic direction constitute a significant and independent prognostic variant. CONCLUSIONS: Extrahepatic bile duct carcinoma should be excised to a distance of 1.5 cm from the edge of the carcinoma as estimated on cholangiography to achieve cancer-free margins, especially at the resected margins in the hepatic direction.

Bile Duct Neoplasms↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Expression of Fas and Fas ligand in the testes and testicular germ cell tumors: an immunohistochemical study.

The Fas-Fas ligand system plays a crucial role in the production of a signal for apoptosis in the immune system. In the present study, expression of Fas and Fas ligand in the testes and testicular germ cell tumors was examined immunohistochemically. Expression of both Fas and Fas ligand was found on Leydig cells, Sertoli cells, and germ cells in the testis, and on epithelial cells in the epidydimal duct. Expression of both Fas and Fas ligand was also found in all 23 seminomas, 8 embryonal carcinomas, and 3 yolk sac tumors which were examined in this study. Western blot analysis after sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under a reducing condition with tissues of the thymus, the testis, and a seminoma showed a single major band bound to the antibody for Fas or Fas ligand at the position of molecular weight slightly more than 47.5 kilodalton. Since both Fas and Fas ligand are expressed on normal testicular cells, and on cells of testicular germ cell tumors, the Fas-Fas ligand system in these cells seems to play a role other than producing a signal for apoptosis.

Adult↗