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Biomedical subjects

S Saeki

Publications and source records attributed to S Saeki.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Anesthetic management of a patient with ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency].

A 6-year-old female with disturbance of consciousness (JCS: 3 points) due to hyperammonemia caused by ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency is presented. She underwent an emergency insertion of a catheter for peritoneal dialysis under general anesthesia. Anesthesia was induced by intravenous administration of thiamylal sodium and maintained with inhalation of sevoflurane and oxygen after tracheal intubation. One percent mepivacaine was infiltrated around the surgical field to diminish the dose of sevoflurane. The operation proceeded uneventfully, although her consciousness could not recover rapidly to the normal level during the emergence from anesthesia. Peritoneal dialysis was started immediately after the operation and her consciousness recovered to the normal level gradually during the following six days with decreasing plasma ammonia levels. Ten days later, extirpation of the peritoneal catheter was scheduled. The course of anesthesia and operation was uneventful using the same anesthetic method as with the former anesthesia. In the anesthetic management for a patient with ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency, we have to be careful about the nitrogen balance, which can be affected by the kind and doses of anesthetic drugs, to avoid hyperammonemia. From this point of view, local anesthesia combined with general anesthesia might be useful to prevent the serum ammonia level from increasing.

Ammonia↗
PubMed1996

[A case of psittacosis with psychiatric symptoms, abnormal EEG, and abnormal SPECT].

A 40-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with disorientation, delusional idea, and sensory disturbance of lower face after having a fever and cough for 5 days. A chest X-ray examination revealed an infiltration in the left lower lobe field. Psittacosis was diagnosed because the serum antibody titer against chlamydia psittaci was elevated. Electroencephalogram showed right temporal lobe spikes. SPECT showed decreased accumulation of 99mTc-HMPAO in the right frontal and temporal lobe. Computed tomography scan of the brain was normal. This patient was diagnosed as ornithsis Encephalitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Respiratory burst and tyrosine phosphorylation by vanadate.

We studied involvement of tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins in activation of NADPH oxidase in guinea pig neutrophils. Pervanadate, which is the oxidized form of orthovanadate, induced O2- production and protein tyrosine phosphorylation in neutrophils. O2- production induced by pervanadate was more sensitive to the tyrosine kinase-specific inhibitor, ST-638, as compared with the production induced by PMA. On the other hand, staurosporine more selectively inhibited PMA-induced O2- production than pervanadate-induced production. These results indicate that tyrosine kinase, not protein kinase C, is involved in pervanadate-induced O2- production. The tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins were detected in both the cytosol and membrane fractions prepared from pervanadate-induced neutrophils. In order to examine if tyrosine residues of some components of NADPH oxidase were directly phosphorylated, tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins were removed from solubilized membranes prepared from the pervanadate-stimulated neutrophils by immunoprecipitation with an anti-phosphotyrosine anti-body. NADPH oxidase activity in the solubilized membranes was not decreased by the treatment. These findings suggest that the components of NADPH oxidase are not tyrosine-phosphorylated by pervanadate treatment, that tyrosine phosphorylation may be involved in the signal transduction pathway of NADPH oxidase activation by pervanadate, and that this pathway is independent of the activation by protein kinase C.

Alkaloids↗
PubMed1995

Hyperphosphorylated p47-phox lost the ability to activate NADPH oxidase in guinea pig neutrophils.

p47-phox is one of the cytosolic activation factors of NADPH oxidase in neutrophils and known to translocate to plasma membranes and function by protein kinase C-phosphorylation. In cytosol fraction, prepared from calyculin A-treated neutrophils, the activity of cytosolic factor to activate NADPH oxidase was more reduced than that from PMA-treated cells. But, p47-phox did not translocate to the membranes, even if p47-phox was hyperphosphorylated in the calyculin A-treated neutrophils. Such hyperphosphorylated p47-phox seemed to lose the activity to constitute NADPH oxidase complex.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Accumulation of plasma cells in atherosclerotic lesions of Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic rabbits.

By screening a cDNA library constructed from aortic total RNA derived from Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic (WHHL) rabbits by differential hybridization, we have obtained a cDNA encoding the kappa light chain of immunoglobulin. Northern blot analysis of total RNA prepared from aortas of WHHL and normal rabbits of various ages revealed that this light-chain mRNA accumulates gradually with age in aortas in WHHL rabbits. Northern blotting and in situ hybridization with an antisense oligonucleotide specific to rabbit immunoglobulin gamma heavy-chain mRNA also detected accumulation of this heavy-chain mRNA in advanced lesions of WHHL rabbit aortas. Moreover, immunohistochemical and electron microscopic analyses demonstrated the presence of plasma cells in the atherosclerotic lesions.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1995

Preservation of the lower esophageal sphincter during total gastrectomy for gastric cancer to prevent postoperative reflux esophagitis.

The lower esophageal sphincter (LES) is usually removed during total gastrectomy to successfully perform a curative operation. In this study, the preservation of the LES in curative total gastrectomy was attempted to reduce the reflux. An experimental study using dogs has revealed that the high-pressure zone of the LES can be preserved by making a resection at the gastroesophageal junction, which thus helps to protect the reflux. A previous clinicopathological study revealed that the LES can be preserved without any fear of recurrence at the resection site, if the tumor is located more than 2.0 cm and 3.0 cm from the gastroesophageal junction to the oral margin in node-negative and -positive cases, respectively. Clinically, 8 patients underwent an LES-preserving total gastrectomy [LES(+) gastrectomy] while 19 had an LES(-) gastrectomy in the same period. Of the five LES(+) cases examined, all showed a high pressure zone, whereas none of the four LES(-) cases examined showed such a high-pressure zone after the operation. Endoscopic examination showed that only one of the seven LES(+) cases but six of nine LES(-) cases revealed esophagitis.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed1995

Laparoscopic omental patch repair for perforated peptic ulcer.

OBJECTIVE: The authors' initial experience with laparoscopic omental patch repair for perforated peptic ulcer is documented. Its results are compared with those of other procedures and follow-up study is reviewed. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Since the advent of H2-antagonists, the usefulness of simple closure of a perforated peptic ulcer is increasing, and improvements in laparoscopic surgery have made possible minimally invasive surgery for perforated ulcer. METHODS: From December 1992 to February 1994, laparoscopic omental patch repair followed by use of H2-antagonists was performed successfully in 11 patients. Fifty-five patients underwent other surgical procedures for perforated peptic ulcers (conventional open omental patch: 4, selective vagotomy in combination with antrectomy: 24, distal gastrectomy: 27). RESULTS: The average operation time was 135 minutes. Administration of postoperative pain medication was reduced remarkably (0.9 times per patient), and all patients recovered rapidly. No serious postoperative complications were recorded. After a mean period of 11 months, the postoperative evaluation was satisfactory for all patients, and no ulcer recurrence was found. CONCLUSIONS: In perforated peptic ulcer disease, laparoscopic omental patch repair offers a number of advantages. Because no upper abdominal incision is made, there is decreased postoperative pain, and the patient rapidly recovers with fewer and less severe complications. Although the procedure requires a surgeon with particular expertise in endoscopic suturing technique, surgeons familiar with laparoscopic cholecystectomy can readily perform it after some practice. The authors' preliminary experience suggests that this is a minimally invasive procedure for perforated peptic ulcer that offers an attractive alternative to open surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Return to work after stroke. A follow-up study.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Few studies have reported the longitudinal trend of return to work after stroke. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the longitudinal trend of proportion of patients who return to work after stroke and further to examine the predictors of return to work while taking follow-up periods into consideration. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study on the association between characteristics of stroke patients at admission and return to work after first stroke, taking length of follow-up period into consideration (n = 183). The patients were all younger than 65 years and were working at the time of their stroke. A follow-up questionnaire evaluated return to work and related information. Data were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method for curves of the proportion of return to work and Cox's proportional hazards model for odds ratios of return to work. RESULTS: The curve of proportion of return to work had two steep slopes, and the proportion was at a maximum at 18 months from patient admission. The adjusted odds ratios of return to work for patients with normal muscle strength versus severe weakness, without apraxia versus with apraxia, and with white-collar versus blue-collar occupations were 5.16 (P < .05), 4.16 (P < .05), and 1.43 (.05 < P < .10), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The increase of proportion of return to work after stroke was nonlinear, and this trend was referable to the social security systems available to the patients included in this study. Normal muscle strength and absence of apraxia were significant predictors of return to work after stroke. White-collar occupation showed a tendency to promote return to work.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Body density assessment utilizing skinfold thickness and age in Japanese women].

A study was conducted to investigate the validity of skinfold-based prediction equations for body density (g/ml) by Nagamine and Suzuki (1964), and to formulate more convenient and more useful equations for predicting body density from skinfold and age in women. Subjects of the study were 512 healthy women aged 18-66 years in or near Nagasaki City. The dependent variable in the multiple regression equation, body density, was determined by hydrostatic weighing. Independent variables included eight skinfolds, the sum of two skinfolds (triceps, subscapular), the sum of three skinfolds (triceps, subscapular, and abdominal), age, and body surface area. Skinfolds were measured with an Eiken-model skinfold caliper. Age (mean 30.1, range 18-66 yrs.), weight (mean 52.6, range 38.0-83.3 kg), height (mean 157.0, range 142.0-172.0 cm), and body density, (mean 1.04125, range 0.98806-1.08650 g/ml) were also recorded. Percent body fat was calculated using the formula by Brozek et al. and ranged from 6.4% to 48.3%. Multiple correlation coefficients (MR) and standard error (SE) of 10 regression equations (A-J) for predicting body density in women were compared. The best-fitting and the most convenient prediction equation for body density was equation-E. The regression equation developed for predicting body density was: body density = 1.07931-0.00059 x sum of three skinfolds(mm)-0.00015 x age (MR = 0.77 and SE = 0.0089). The equation was cross-validated on a different sample of 46 women. The correlation coefficient between predicted and hydrostatically determined body density was 0.813 (p < 0.001). Equation-E (Tahara's equation) appears to be useful in body density analysis particularly when the subjects are Japanese women, aged 18-50 yrs, with percent body fat 17 to 34%.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Body density assessment utilizing skinfold thickness and age in Japanese men].

A study was conducted to investigate the validity of skinfold-based prediction equations for body density (g/ml) by Nagamine and Suzuki (1964), and to formulate more convenient and more useful equations for predicting body density from skinfold and age in men. Subjects of the study were 257 healthy men aged 19-60 years in or near Nagasaki City. The regression equation for the dependent variable, body density, was determined by hydrostatic weighing. Independent variables included eight skinfolds, the sum of two skinfolds (triceps, subscapular), the sum of three skinfolds (triceps, subscapular, and abdominal), age, and body surface area. Skinfolds were measured with an Eiken-model skinfold caliper. Age (mean 33.1, range 19-60 yrs.), weight (mean 65.3, range 46.6-107.7 kg), height (mean 168.8, range 152.3-185.4 cm), and body density (mean 1.05874, range 1.00860-1.09020 g/ml) were also recorded. Percent body fat was calculated using the formula by Brozek et al. and ranged from 6.1% to 38.9%. Multiple correlation coefficients (MR) and standard error (SE) of 10 regression equations (A-J) for predicting body density in men were obtained. The best-fitting and the most convenient prediction equation for body density was equation-E.: body density = 1.09556-0.00062 x sum of three skinfolds (mm)-0.00028 x age (MR = 0.815 and SE = 0.0087 g/ml). The equation was cross-validated on a different sample of 45 men. The correlation coefficient between predicted and hydrostatically determined body density was 0.781 (p < 0.001). Equation-E (Tahara's equation) appears to be useful in body density analysis particularly when the subjects are Japanese men, aged 18-50 yrs, with percent body fat 10 to 30%.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

DT-diaphorase as a target enzyme for biochemical modulation of mitomycin C.

We studied a selective enhancement of the mitomycin C (MMC)-induced antitumor effect focusing on the intracellular metabolism by NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase (DT-diaphorase, DTD). The level of cellular DTD activity related well to the degree of MMC-induced DNA total cross links and cell growth inhibition in human cancer cell lines, KB, PH101, SH101 and K562. A DTD inhibitor, dicoumarol (DIC) or flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), inhibited the MMC-induced DNA damage and cytotoxicity at a non-toxic concentration. The DTD-mediated MMC activation was pH-dependent, and highest at pH 6 and lowest at pH 8. Although an inverse relationship appeared to exist between DTD activity and MMC efficacy in human xenografts implanted into nude mice and 9 fresh human tumor specimens, the investigation in 3 culture cells, HEC-46, HCC-48 and HCC-50, established from those xenografts, showed that DTD activated MMC in a pH-dependent manner as well as the other cell lines. Significant tumor pH reduction from 7.1 to 6.7 by continuous glucose infusion also increased the MMC-induced tumor growth inhibition in the human tumor xenografts. Thus, we conclude that bioreductive activation by DTD in a pH-dependent manner may be of key importance in the MMC-induced antitumor effect and that an increased MMC efficacy at a reduced pH caused by hyperglycemia may be applied to clinical use as a new manipulation for a biochemical modulation of MMC.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Hydrostatic weighing, skinfold thickness, body mass index relationships in high school girls].

A study was conducted to evaluate body composition by hydrostatic weighing, skinfold thickness, and body mass index (BMI) in 102 senior high school girls, aged 15 to 18 in Nagasaki City. Body density measured by the underwater weighing method, was used to determine the fat weight (Fat) and lean body mass (LBM. or fat free weight: FFW) utilizing the formulas by Brozek et al. The results were as follows; 1. Mean values of body density were 1.04428 in the first grade girls, 1.04182 in the second grade, and 1.04185 in the third grade. 2. Mean values of percentage body fat (%Fat) were 23.5% in the first grade, 24.5% in the second and 24.5% in the third. 3. Percentage body fat (%Fat), lean body mass (LBM) and LBM/Height were not significantly with different advance of grade from the first to the third. 4. The correlation coefficients between percent body fat and the sum of two skinfold thicknesses, the sum of three skinfold thicknesses and the sum of seven skinfold thicknesses was 0.78, 0.79, and 0.80 respectively and were all statistically significant (p < 0.001). 5. The correlation coefficients between BMI and the sum of two skinfold thicknesses, the sum of three skinfold thicknesses and the sum of seven skinfold thicknesses was 0.74, 0.74, and 0.74 respectively and were all statistically significant (p < 0.001). 6. Mean values of BMI, Rohrer index and waist-hip ratio (WHR) in all subjects (n = 102) were 20.3, 128.2 and 0.72 respectively.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Reflex sympathetic activities during inhalation of anaesthetics in cats: nitrous oxide.

The effects of nitrous oxide on the late reflex potential, a medullary component of somato-sympathetic reflex potentials, induced from the lumbar sympathetic trunk by electrical stimulation of the femoral nerve was investigated in brain intact cats and midbrain decerebrated cats under adequate anaesthesia with intravenous urethane and alpha-chloralose. The late reflex potential was depressed by inhalation of 75% nitrous oxide in oxygen in brain intact cats. Midbrain decerebration itself caused marked potentiation of the late reflex potential, although subsequent inhalation of 75% nitrous oxide did not cause any depressive effect on the potentiated late reflex potential. No significant changes in arterial pressure and heart rate were seen during the experiments. From these results, we concluded that anaesthetic concentrations of nitrous oxide might activate the descending inhibitory system from higher areas in the central nervous system.

Anesthesia, Inhalation↗
PubMed1994

The inhibitory effect caused by suramin on the paracrine growth of human cancer cells and fibroblasts.

The growth interactions between human cancer cells and primary cultured human fibroblasts, and the effects of suramin on them, were investigated using a double-chamber technique combined with a 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Human fibroblasts obtained from various organs resected surgically were cultured in a monolayer and used after the third or fourth passage. In the double-chamber assay, the growth of cancer cells in the top chamber was significantly stimulated by some types of fibroblasts in the bottom chamber in a fibroblast density-dependent manner. Interestingly, the growth of cancer cells was stimulated at 140%-147% by fibroblasts obtained from an organ where cancer cells had developed, the MCF-7 versus mammary fibroblasts, and in LS-180 versus colonic fibroblasts, but not by their fibroblast-conditioned medium. Suramin completely inhibited the growth-enhancing interaction between MCF-7 and mammary fibroblasts, and between SH-101 and lung fibroblasts at a clinical concentration of from 50 micrograms/ml to 300 micrograms/ml. It also reduced the growth of LS-180 co-cultured with colon-fibroblasts, but the inhibitory effect was incomplete. These results suggest that mutual growth reliance exists between human cancer cells and primary cultured fibroblasts by diffusible factors secreted by both cells, and that these enhancing effects are related in part to the growth and metastasis of cancer cells in vivo. Suramin was found to have an inhibitory effect on their interaction at a clinically achievable concentration in vitro.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1994

Gastroesophageal reflux disease is associated with enteric hormone abnormalities.

Basal and postprandial levels of the foregut hormones gastrin, cholecystokinin (CCK), motilin, and pancreatic polypeptide, and the distal gut hormones neurotensin and peptide YY were measured in 20 patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). GERD was defined by abnormal esophageal exposure to pH less than 4. Ten GERD patients had decreased lower esophageal sphincter (LES) pressure (mean: 4.5 mm Hg, range: 0.8 to 6.8 mm Hg), and 10 patients had normal LES pressures (mean: 14.1 mm Hg, range: 9.7 to 22.4 mm Hg). Eight age-matched healthy subjects were also studied. Basal levels of peptide YY were moderately decreased in GERD patients compared with controls irrespective of LES pressure. In patients with abnormal LES pressure, basal levels of motilin and the postprandial response of CCK were significantly decreased compared with controls; and basal levels of neurotensin and the postprandial response of gastrin were significantly increased compared with controls. Pancreatic polypeptide levels were similar in all groups. These gut hormone changes, which are more marked in patients with poor LES pressure, may reflect primary or secondary abnormalities in GERD.

Esophagogastric Junction↗
PubMed1994

Association between location of the lesion and discharge status of ADL in first stroke patients.

We investigated the relationship between the location of the lesion in the brain and discharge status of activities of daily living measured by Barthel index in 112 first-stroke patients who had survived to discharge. Physiatrists and radiologists determined the location of the lesion based on neuroanatomic classification of findings detected by head-computed tomography (CT) of the patients. A stepwise regression analysis showed that only one selected location, the right parietal lobe lesion, was negatively associated with discharge Barthel index (R2 = 0.04). However, low R2 indicated that factors other than CT findings could also influence discharge Barthel index, and thus location of the lesion detected by head CT should be considered as adjunctive on prediction of discharge status.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1994

[Comparison of duodenogastric reflux (DGR) to esophageal substitute between retro-sternal route and posterior mediastinal route].

To elucidate superiority of route among surgery of esophageal cancer with stomach tube, duodenogastric reflux (DGR) were examined in nine cases of retro-sternal bypass (RS) and 18 cases of posterior mediastinal group (PM) by means of questionnaire of reflux esophagitis, esophageal transit scintigram and 24 hour pH monitoring to those patients. Firstly, in order to readily compare the two groups, each section of reflux symptoms was expressed as a brief score by dividing each symptom into strength (0-3) and frequency (0-3). Mean score of reflux sensation was less in RS than in PM significantly (0.9 vs. 2.9, p < 0.01). The median value showed that patients in PM had much DGR symptoms than those in RS significantly (8.5 vs. 5.5, p < 0.01). In esophageal transit scintigram, TcO4- (85 MBq) was counted by gamma camera at the upper (ROI-1), center (ROI-2), and lower (ROI-3) sites of the sternum bone in the upright position. The descending time of RI peak from ROI-1 to ROI-3 in RS was shorter than PM (2.1 sec vs. 3.9 sec, N.S.). At ROI-2, clearance rate of RI in RS was similar to that in PM. At ROI-3, clearance rate of RI in RS was better than that in PM significantly (80.0% vs. 49.6%, p < 0.05). Scintigram revealed RI stasis in PM, which might be presumably concerned to DGR. Intragastric pH was measured continuously 5 and 15 cm below the esophagogastrostomy using 2-channeled antimony pH sensors.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Duodenogastric Reflux↗