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Biomedical subjects

S S Graham

Publications and source records attributed to S S Graham.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Evaluation of the dizzy patient.

The differential diagnosis of dizziness is difficult, yet challenging. There continues to be a need for improvement in assessment and evaluative procedures for patients with symptoms of dizziness. The otologist must exclude a wide variety of potential disorders which could be sources of the symptoms. The key to a well-made differential diagnosis is a very carefully taken, thorough, medical history, and the integration of that history with the physical examination, the audiometry, and the vestibular evaluation.

Audiometry, Evoked Response↗
PubMed1985

Support of unstable nasal fractures with silicone rubber wedge splints.

Successful treatment of unstable fractures of the nasal dorsum is often precluded due to inadequate stable postoperative support of the fragmented dorsum. As an adjunctive measure in the treatment of nasal fractures, intranasal silicone rubber (Silastic) wedges transfixed to internal and/or external plates can provide support of unstable dorsal fragments. In a series of 20 cases, there was no incidence of remaining postoperative dorsal depression and no evidence of foreign-body reaction.

Bioprosthesis↗
PubMed1984

Small fenestra stapedectomy: technique and advantages.

We discuss the rationale and advantages of the small fenestra technique (SFT) of stapedectomy. When results from conventional stapedectomy techniques are compared with those of SFT, the small fenestra technique shows improved hearing in the high frequencies of 2,000, 4,000, and 8,000 Hz, improved speech discrimination, reduced vestibular disturbance, and reduced iatrogenic trauma to the cochlea.

Auditory Threshold↗
PubMed1983

Small fenestra stapedectomy technique: reducing risk and improving hearing.

During the past 25 years many variations have emerged in stapedectomy, most of which centered around either a change in the prosthesis itself or in the type of oval window seal. The small fenestra stapedectomy technique (SFT) represents a change in surgical procedure rather than in prosthetic design. This technique offers the opportunity to improve hearing results while reducing risks in stapedectomy surgery. Four areas of significant improvement are seen in patients in whom the SFT was used: (1) improved hearing in the high frequencies of 2000, 4000, and 8000 Hz, (2) improved speech discrimination scores, (3) a significant reduction in the number of reported vestibular complaints, and (4) a reduction in the number of serious postoperative sensorineural hearing losses.

Ear, Middle↗
PubMed1983

Meniere's disease 1978-1982.

Over 250 reports concerning or related to Meniere's disease, published in English from 1978 through 1982, are summarized. Reports have been classified into the categories of incidence of occurrence, analysis and reporting results, pathophysiology, etiologic theories, diagnostic methods, medical management, and surgical procedures. Major emphases in reporting from 1978 though 1982 have been in the areas of pathophysiologic studies, expansion of diagnostic procedures, and the use of sac decompression and neurectomy procedures. This literature review reveals the continuing disagreement regarding the pathophysiology of Meniere's disease and the resultant continued controversies in its management.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Clinical applications of the CO2 laser in neoplastic lesions of the aerodigestive tract.

The use of the CO2 laser in otolaryngologic microsurgery offers the opportunity to reduce morbidity and deformity, and to decrease hospitalization time associated with resection of neoplasms of the oral cavity, pharynx, and larynx. We used the CO2 laser to resect a variety of lesions in 14 patients. Laser resection was the primary mode of therapy, in combination with irradiation and chemotherapy. Local control of the neoplasms was achieved with a number of advantages over established modes of therapy. The CO2 laser continues to show promise as a means of primary control in head and neck neoplasms, with a minimum of morbidity and deformity.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Small fenestra stapedectomy. A preliminary report.

The small fenestra stapedectomy is based on a rationale of creating a more effective acoustical mechanical transmission system, while reducing potential labyrinthine disturbance. Surgical technique for the small fenestra stapedectomy is described, including the creation of the fenestra and the use of McGee stainless steel piston prosthesis with loose areolar tissue around the piston. Postoperative results are compared in a series of 100 cases, 50 having the small fenestra technique, SFT, and 50 having partial or total footplate removal procedure. Vestibular results demonstrate a noticeable reduction in postoperative complaints of balance disorders in the SFT patients. Hearing results, when compared between the two groups, show a statistically significant advantage for the SFT patients in postoperative high frequency threshold sensitivity and speech discrimination scores. Technical difficulties in creating the fenestra without fracturing the entire footplate are discussed and suggestions made for their avoidance. The advantages of lowered risk, based on reduced trauma to and contamination of the labyrinth, as well as improved high frequency hearing sensitivity and speech discrimination, support the use of this procedure and call for further investigation and development of its clinical potential.

Audiometry↗
PubMed1981

Giant cell lesions of the temporal bone.

Giant cell lesions are rare in the temporal bone. A review of world literature reveals twenty-three reported cases. Histopathologic differentiation has been difficult in the past; several tumors of bone which are characterized by multinucleated giant cells have been grouped together under the term "giant cell tumor." In the temporal bone, true giant cell tumor of bone, osteoclastoma, should be differentiated from the less aggressive reparative granuloma. The clinical course of these two lesions can be greatly different. Two additional cases of giant cell reparative granuloma are added to the literature. In addition, a tabulation is presented of signs, symptoms, treatment, and follow-up in the cases reported in the literature. Surgical excision is recommended when possible.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Homograft septal cartilage for attic support in intact canal wall tympanomastoidectomy and tympanoplasty.

The postoperative formation of attic retraction pockets following tympanoplasty, with or without mastoidectomy, has often been a significant cause of recurrent disease accompanied by decreased hearing levels. Nasal septal cartilage is recommended as a successful homograft material for attic support. The basis and indications for its use are discussed. Preparation and storage of the homograft materials and surgical technique are described. Long-term results are reported, including a special group in which the status of the homograft material was assessed during revision surgery. Minimal complications have been encountered. Conclusions support the overall advantages of this technique utilizing homograft septal cartilage as an effective means of posterosuperior canal wall support, an aid in preventing retraction pocket formation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Round window ultrasonic irradiation: conservative surgery for Meniere's disease.

Ultrasonic irradiation of the labyrinth through the round window approach is a minimally destructive method of surgical management for Meniere's disease. Results of 48 procedures, followed from six months to eight years, are reported. Relief from vertiginous symptoms was obtained in 70 percent of the patients. Hearing was improved in 14 percent; hearing was also significantly worse in 14 percent. These findings resulted in an overall 56 percent of the patients falling into American Academy of Otolaryngology control classes A or B. No significant postoperative complications were observed. Results are difficult to classify on a cause-and-effect basis due to the remissions and exacerbations characteristic of Meniere's disease. Ultrasonic irradiation using the round window approach does not involve the potential risks of such surgical procedures as labyrinthectomy, vestibular neurectomy, and endolymphatic sac procedures. The primary disadvantage of this procedure is securing and servicing the instrumentation. Due to its conservative nature, ultrasonic irradiation through the round window is an attractive surgical consideration until such time when the pathologic processes in Meniere's disease are better understood.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Total hearing rehabilitation: within-clinic hearing aid dispensing.

Federal (FDA) regulations recently passed require physician clearance before hearing aid sales. Discussed herein are numerous evaluative and rehabilitative procedures necessary for proper hearing aid fittings. A program of total professional management of the hearing rehabilitation process, including the direct dispensing of hearing aids by the otology-audiology team, is described and advocated.

Audiology↗