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Biomedical subjects

S Ryan

Publications and source records attributed to S Ryan.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Patterns of approximal wear in cheek teeth of a Romano-British population.

The approximal surfaces of premolars and molars of 376 adult British-Romano skulls were examined for wear facets. The type of wear was designated as convex, concave, sigmoid, or flat, and the degree was categorised on a three-point scale. Concave wear facets were more frequently seen in the older age groups, but the type of wear was similar on right and left sides. Taking all teeth together or as individual tooth types, concave wear was significantly more likely on mesial rather than distal surfaces. The degree of wear was age related and similar on right and left sides in both males and females. It is suggested that the distribution of concave facets may be related to movements between adjacent teeth.

Bicuspid↗
PubMed1987

Improved method for recovery of peritonitis-causing microorganisms from peritoneal dialysate.

The efficacy of recovery of peritonitis-causing microorganisms from peritoneal dialysate fluid by using the Septi-Chek blood culture system (Roche Diagnostics, Div. Hoffmann-La Roche Inc., Nutley, N.J.) was compared with those of other conventional techniques, such as the 20-ml culture and the filtration methods. The recovery of microorganisms by using the Septi-Chek system was found to be as effective as the filtration of 250 ml of dialysate that used a modified Millipore filtration technique (Millipore Corp., Bedford, Mass.). Both methods were found to be superior to the 20-ml culture method. We suggest using the Septi-Chek method as the standard protocol for the culture of dialysate as a relatively inexpensive and labor-saving recovery technique.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1987

Bone mineral content in bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

Fourteen preterm infants who developed bronchopulmonary dysplasia diagnosed radiologically were compared with a group of similar infants who did not. The two groups were of comparable maturity and birth weight. The clinical histories indicated that those infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia had had longer periods of supplemental oxygen, more frequent treatment with dexamethasone, and a higher mean total dosage of frusemide. Bone mineral content in the mid-forearm was measured by photon absorptiometry at or near the postconceptional age of 40 weeks in all cases; no significant difference was found between the two groups, although both were severely undermineralised when compared with infants born at full term. In both groups mean daily calcium intake (about 70 mg/kg/day) was about half the daily intrauterine accretion of calcium.

Absorption↗
PubMed1986

Behavioral effects of severe and moderate early malnutrition.

Rats with a history of prenatal and early postnatal undernutrition (6 or 8% casein diets) were "nutritionally rehabilitated" at weaning, and were compared to well-fed animals (25% casein) at maturity. The severely-malnourished (6%) animals were hyperactive in the open field and when tested in a stabilimeter. They also appeared to be highly active during the early trials in 8-arm radial maze testing where they made more arm entries and re-entry errors than the well-fed rats. In terms of trials to criterion, however, their scores on the radial maze and on a spatial alternation task fell within normal limits. The moderately-malnourished (8%) rats tended to perform at control levels on the learning measures, but these rats were not as active as the 6% rats on the measures of activity. Brain size and weight differences among the three groups of rats also are presented and discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Pattern electroretinograms become abnormal when background diabetic retinopathy deteriorates to a preproliferative stage: possible use as a screening test.

The pattern electroretinogram (PERG) and other tests were given to a selected group of patients with diabetes, ranging from those who had no retinopathy or funduscopic changes to those in the preproliferative state. None had visual symptoms. The PERG was found to be normal in patients with microaneurysms and a few blot haemorrhages. However, when cotton-wool spots and angiographic evidence of areas of capillary non-perfusion were present, the PERG was reduced below the normal value. Similar changes occurred with the oscillatory potentials of the ERG evoked by an intense flash, but the results were more variable. So in the individual patient the test is not a reliable indicator of the progress of the retinopathy. The value of the PERG in screening is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Leprosy associated with HLA-DR2 and DQw1 in the population of northern Thailand.

A study of the frequency of HLA-DR2 and DQw1 was performed in leprosy patients and controls in northern Thailand. HLA-DR2 was found in 100% (17/17) of patients with sporadic tuberculoid leprosy and in over 90% (30/32) of all tuberculoid leprosy patients, as compared to 62% (20/32) of controls (p = .02). These strong associations had relative risks of 21.4 for sporadic and 7.4 for all tuberculoid leprosy, and etiologic fractions of 1.0 and 0.84, respectively. There was also a statistically significant and strong association between tuberculoid leprosy and DQw1. These data add to the growing body of evidence that products of HLA class II determinants or closely linked genes may play a role in determining the clinical manifestations of M. leprae infection.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Birdshot retinochoroidopathy associated with HLA-A29 antigen and immune responsiveness to retinal S-antigen.

Antigen HLA-A29 was present in 16 of 20 patients (80%) with birdshot retinochoroidopathy, but only in 31 of 418 controls (7.4%) (P less than .0001). The relative risk for this disease in persons possessing HLA-A29 antigen was 49.9, one of the highest reported. Of the 20 patients, 13 were also tested for evidence of an in vitro mitotic immune response to purified retinal S-antigen. Of these, 12 (92.3%) responded to the purified preparation, whereas one responded only to a crude retinal homogenate. The histopathologic and clinical findings in an eye from one of the responders to the S-antigen were similar to those in the disease induced in monkeys with the S-antigen. Our findings suggested that birdshot retinochoroidopathy has a genetic predisposition and that retinal autoimmunity, resulting from the S-antigen or other retinal antigens, plays a role in the manifestation of this disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Mebendazole therapy of whipworm infestation: a clinical trial.

Mebendazole, a new broad-spectrum oral anthelmintic for nematodes, was given to patients harboring whipworm in a hospital for the mentally retarded. A three-day regimen (100 mg twice a day) dewormed 75% of the subjects, a five-day regimen cured 95%. The remaining patients excreted strikingly lesser amounts of the parasites' eggs after therapy. No untoward effects were noted clinically. It is the drug of choice in mixed worm infestations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Methods for establishing a working immunoradiometric assay for serum ferritin.

The two-site immunoradiometric assay for measurement of serum ferritin requires purified human ferritin and an avid high-titer antihuman ferritin antibody. Some of the antibody is radioiodinated following purification by immunoadsorption. All methods for preparation of these materials for the assay are described in minute detail. Performance of the assay itself and calculation of results are also described, and attention is drawn to several potential pitfalls. Adherence to these detailed descriptions will help to eliminate difficulties experienced by centers wishing to establish their own working serum ferritin assay.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Hepatic blood flow studies in the rat before and after portacaval transposition.

Portacaval transposition diverts portal blood from the liver and allows systemic venous blood from the caudal inferior vena cava to perfuse the portal bed. Measurement of hepatic tissue blood flow before and after portacaval transposition and its relationship to the liver atrophy seen after portacaval transposition is important. Sequential measurements of hepatic tissue blood flow carried out before and after portacaval transposition have been made using the clearance of the inert radioactive gas 85Krypton after injection into the portal bed. These measurements reveal that hepatic tissue blood flow is not diminished following the operation. The relative liver atrophy seen after portacaval transposition is therefore consequent on portal venous diversion but not on diminished hepatic perfusion.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Analysis of cecal vasculature in the search for vascular malformations.

Four patients with gastrointestinal bleeding due to vascular malformations of the cecum are described with emphasis placed on the clinical, angiographic and pathologic features. Barium enema examinations were negative in all four cases and in three of four early venous filling identified the cecal vascular malformation. Postoperative angiographic studies of the cecal specimens using electron emission radiography were helpful in identifying these small lesions. The pathologic features and possible pathogenesis of this disorder are reviewed. Angiographic and microscopic studies in a control group of 60 post mortem and surgically extirpated cecums defined the normal circulation of the antimesenteric border. In this group, no vascular malformations were present.

Adult↗