Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S Roy

Publications and source records attributed to S Roy.

At least 721 records · Page 40Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

The effect of different contraceptive treatments on the serum concentration of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate.

Twenty-six healthy, non-hirsute women had antecubital venous blood obtained before and during treatment with various contraceptive steroids for the measurement of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S). Six of the women were randomized to receive Ortho Novum 1/35 (O/N), 7 were assigned to Ovcon 35 (OV), and another five received Nordette (N). The 6 women ingesting O/N as well as the 7 receiving OV had significant decreases in serum concentrations of DHEA-S (p less than 0.05). The percentage of decrease in DHEA-S in the O/N group (39 +/- 6%) and in the OV group (30 +/- 5%) was not statistically different. The group receiving N showed no changes from baseline measurements. Serum samples from another 8 women who had received subcutaneous implants of levonorgestrel (1-Ng) were obtained. No significant changes occurred in serum DHEA-S between baseline and six-month samples. The data that 1-Ng alone and the combination of 1-Ng and ethinylestradiol did not change DHEA-S levels suggest that 1-Ng does not affect adrenal androgen secretion. Because N, O/N and OV contain similar quantities of ethinylestradiol, these results indicate that norethindrone, but not 1-Ng, has a major suppressive effect upon adrenal androgen secretion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Two cases of Poncet's disease.

Poncet's disease is a rare polyarthritis occurring in patients with tuberculous infections. We describe two cases of polyarthritis, one secondary to pulmonary tuberculosis, the other secondary to tuberculous infection of the elbow joint. In both cases the arthritis rapidly subsided with chemotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Structural requirements for T-cell recognition of tyrosine-azobenzene-arsonate in the rat and mouse.

The ability of various analogues of tyrosine-azobenzenearsonate (ABA-tyr) to elicit responses in CBA mice and Lewis rats was studied in order to determine the essential features for association with Ia molecules on accessory cells and T-cell recognition. Exquisite specificity for the AsO3H2 group was found in the rat while substantial cross-reactivity was seen in the mouse when other acidic but not neutral groups were substituted. The azo linkage was found to be essential for specificity as was the phenolic ring of tyrosine. Reaction was found to be less specific for changes in the COOH group than the NH2 group of the tyrosine moiety indicating the associations of this end with Ia molecules was dependant on both charge and hydrophilic interactions and differed also between rat and mouse cells. It was concluded that an antigen's reaction with T-cells is affected by an epitope, determining specificity, an agretope, determining association with an appropriate Ia molecule, and an ability to be processed down to these minimal essential structures.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Urolithiasis in pre-term neonates associated with furosemide therapy.

The administration of furosemide to pre-term neonates has been associated with urolithiasis. We report 1 of 2 such cases that we have managed. The etiology of these stones appears to be related to furosemide-induced hypercalciuria. Nonsurgical management with thiazide diuretics can be successful in this high risk group of patients.

Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia↗
PubMed1984

Potential surgical implications of unexplained hematuria in children.

Hematuria in children can be secondary to hypercalciuria and may occur well before a clinical stone episode. We report on 9 patients with initially unexplained hematuria who proved subsequently to exhibit stone formation secondary to hypercalciuria. The evaluation of otherwise unexplained hematuria in children should include calcium excretion studies. Long-term followup of patients with hematuria secondary to hypercalciuria is necessary because of the potential development of surgically significant stone disease.

Calcium↗
PubMed1984

Smoldering encephalitis in children.

Five children presented with focal seizures and neurological deficits that progressed over a span of months to years. Three had temporal lobectomy to control seizures, one underwent temporal lobe biopsy, and the fifth, who suffered from immunodeficiency, had an occipital lobectomy to remove a mass. Two of the children expired. Neuropathological findings in all five children were consistent with a persistent active "viral" encephalitis. No infectious agent was identified. None of the children had the usual systemic signs of encephalitis and all lacked an inflammatory response in their cerebrospinal fluid. We conjecture that this condition may be more frequent than realized. Besides causing intractable focal seizures and hemiparesis, it may account for other poorly understood syndromes of childhood with deteriorating behavior.

Brain↗
PubMed1984

Single-dose cefotaxime versus 3 to 5 dose cefoxitin for prophylaxis of vaginal or abdominal hysterectomy.

We evaluated a single 1-g dose regimen of cefotaxime versus the standard three to five 2-g cefoxitin regimen for prophylaxis in vaginal or abdominal hysterectomy to determine whether acceptable rates of morbidity could be achieved. The antibiotics were administered as follows: cefotaxime, 1 g im or iv on call to the operating room; cefoxitin, 2 g im or iv on call to the operating room, followed by 2 g intravenously at 6 hourly intervals for up to 24 h. The patients received a povidone-iodine vaginal preparation immediately before surgery; vaginal packs, when used, contained no antimicrobial agents. Surgical procedures were comparable for each antibiotic and surgery group. The results showed that among cefotaxime treated subjects who underwent hysterectomy only 1 of 37 (2.7%) vaginal cases and 5 of 60 (8.3%) abdominal cases developed operative site infections requiring parenteral antibiotics. For cefoxitin, 3 of 41 (7.3%) vaginal cases and 6 of 41 (14.6%) abdominal cases, similarly, required antibiotics. The incidence of postoperative infections was not different between regimens, irrespective of the type of hysterectomy, but considerable cost-savings by reduced drug and administration expenses were realized with the single-dose cefotaxime regimen.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Antibodies against the bovine brain glutamate binding protein.

Antibodies against the purified bovine brain glutamate binding protein (GBP) were raised in rabbits. Both nonderivatized and dinitrobenzene-derivatized GBP produced strong immunological responses in rabbits. Using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), we have quantified the antibody production and determined the specificity of the antibodies. Bovine brain GBP and the analogous protein from rat brain interacted most strongly with the antibodies. A bacterial glutamate-aspartate binding protein, as well as the enzymes glutamate dehydrogenase (EC 1.4.1.3), glutamine synthetase (EC 6.3.1.2), and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (EC 2.3.2.2), showed little or no cross-reactivity with the anti-GBP antibodies. A crude bacterial glutamate decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.15) preparation gave a small to moderate cross-reaction with the anti-GBP antibodies. The sensitivity of the ELISA assay and the specificity of the antibodies were such that GBP levels as low as 3-10 ng could be detected.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Depo-medroxyprogesterone acetate compared with conjugated estrogens for the treatment of postmenopausal women.

Forty-three women who had undergone a natural or surgical menopause were randomized to receive either 0.625 mg of conjugated estrogens or an intramuscular injection of 150 mg of depo-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) for 25 days each month. Vasomotor symptoms were recorded before treatment for three weeks and weekly thereafter for three months. Serum estradiol (E2) and estrone (E1) were measured before and during the second month of treatment, as were urinary calcium, hydroxyproline, and creatinine levels. Vasomotor symptoms decreased significantly in both groups, and this reduction was of a similar magnitude with either treatment. Whereas 18% of patients in both groups did not have a reduction in vasomotor symptoms, of those women who did benefit, vasomotor symptoms decreased 61.5 +/- 7.5% with conjugated estrogens and 69.4 +/- 7.7% with DMPA. Eighteen percent of patients treated with conjugated estrogens reported no vasomotor symptoms whatsoever, as compared with 33% among those treated with DMPA. Serum estrone and estradiol increased in patients receiving conjugated estrogens, but were lower in women treated with depo-medroxyprogesterone acetate. Urinary calcium/creatinine and hydroxyproline/creatinine ratios were significantly lowered to the premenopausal range in women treated with conjugated estrogens and DMPA. There were no differences in these ratios when the two treatments were compared. Adverse side effects such as vulvovaginal complaints and weight gain were negligible in both groups and the complaints of dyspareunia were similar. The data from this short-term study suggest that depo-medroxyprogesterone acetate affords a suitable alternative to estrogen therapy for reducing vasomotor symptoms and may prevent bone resorption as well.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Breast cancer in young women and use of oral contraceptives: possible modifying effect of formulation and age at use.

A case-control study of 314 breast cancer patients aged less than 37 at diagnosis and 314 individually matched controls was done to assess the influence of oral-contraceptive (OC) use on the risk of the disease. Long-term use before age 25 of combination-type OCs with a "high" content of the progestogen component was associated with increased risk of breast cancer: the relative risk was approximately 4 after 5 years of such use, and 9 cases and no controls had used such combination-type OCs for more than 6 years before age 25. Use of combination-type OCs with a "low" progestogen component appears to increase breast-cancer risk little or not at all.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Assignment of imino proton spectra of yeast phenylalanine transfer ribonucleic acid.

Yeast tRNAPhe has been studied by using proton NMR and nuclear Overhauser effect (NOE) with deuterium substitution. Direct NOE evidence is presented for assignment of imino resonances of 23 of 27 base pairs in this tRNA. Other indirect evidence is presented for tentative assignment of four other base pairs. Almost total assignment also has been made of the important noninternally bonded imino protons and tertiary interactions (however, G18-psi 55 remains unassigned). The most surprising result has been identification of GC11 at -13.68 ppm; this is the first time a GC base pair has been identified so far downfield. This peak (GC11) is also identified as the resonance of the unique imino proton that exchanges in a time of more than 1 day, as previously described. These identifications of imino proton resonances made it possible to reinterpret the proton solvent exchange rate data previously published on this tRNA and understand them better. The assignments of resonances should pave the way for more detailed solution study of this tRNA and its interaction with biologically relevant molecules.

Anticodon↗
PubMed1983

Effects of two low-dose oral contraceptives on serum lipids and lipoproteins: differential changes in high-density lipoprotein subclasses.

Oral contraceptives containing DL-norgestrel or norethindrone with ethinyl estradiol were administered by random assignment to 21 menstruating women, matched for anthropometric measurements, age, diet, alcohol consumption, smoking, and exercise habits. Pretreatment and 7-week treatment blood samples were obtained and assayed for serum cholesterol, triglyceride high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and total high-density lipoprotein (HDL), HDL2a, HDL2b, and HDL3 subclasses by analytic ultracentrifugation. Subjects using the norethindrone oral contraceptive had a significant increase in HDL-C: baseline, 46 mg/dl; 7 weeks, 51 mg/dl. Values for the subjects using the norgestrel oral contraceptive were not significantly changed: 46 and 44 mg/dl, respectively. Users of the norethindrone oral contraceptive had significant elevations of total HDL and HDL3, while norgestrel oral contraceptive users demonstrated no significant changes. HDL2b increased with the norethindrone oral contraceptive and declined with the norgestrel oral contraceptive. The changes in HDL2b from baseline to treatment were not significant (p greater than 0.05), but the change with the norethindrone oral contraceptive did differ significantly from that with the norgestrel oral contraceptive (p less than 0.02). These changes may indicate oral contraceptive-induced alterations in HDL structure and metabolism that could be related to the risk of development of atherosclerosis.

Adult↗