Propranolol withdrawal in psychosis.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Acute Disease↗
Biomedical subjects
S Rosenthal
Publications and source records attributed to S Rosenthal.
Immunological characterization of BLV proteins synthesized in Escherichia coli.
Hybrid proteins composed of beta-galactosidase and polypeptides of the bovine leukaemia virus (BLV) including those of the main core protein p24, the envelope protein gp51 and the transmembrane protein gp30 were produced in Escherichia coli and immunologically characterized. The hybrid proteins were immunologically reactive with sera from cattle naturally infected with BLV, demonstrating a possible use for diagnosis of BLV infection. Detection of antibodies was most sensitive with the p24 derivative.
Animals↗
Recombinants from a proviral bovine leukemia virus genome corresponding to the 3' region transactivate viral LTR in NIH3T3 and non-infected FLK cells.
Bovine leukemia virus (BLV), like human T-cell leukemia viruses, Types I and II, contains three open reading frames at the 3' end of its genome. The longest open reading frame encodes a transactivator protein which is generated by a doubly-spliced mRNA. A series of co-transfection experiments, using proviral BLV pX expression plasmids under the control of the Moloney leukemia virus LTR and the indicator plasmid containing the assayable lac Z gene under the control of BLV LTR, revealed that both NIH3T3 cells and non-infected fetal lamb kidney cells are able to express an active transactivator protein.
Animals↗
Synthesis of bovine leukemia virus antigens in Escherichia coli.
Plasmids were constructed by the use of pEX vectors that encode and express different parts of the bovine leukemia virus (BLV): main core protein p24, nucleic acid-binding protein p12, transmembrane protein gp30, and different segments of envelope protein gp51. Expression of fusion proteins with molecular weights higher than 117 kD for all recombinant plasmids was shown in Coomassie-blue stained gels and by Western blot analysis with rabbit anti-BLV sera. Coupling of a gp51-encoding with a p24-encoding DNA fragment in pEX vectors led to synthesis of a fusion protein that was recognized by monoclonal antibodies directed against gp51 and p24 epitopes. Using another vector, a gp51-encoding DNA fragment of BLV was expressed as a fusion protein with 100 amino acids of the MS2 polymerase. The fusion protein was recognized by monoclonal antibodies directed against gp51.
Animals↗
Use of monoclonal antibody against major internal protein p24 of bovine leukemia virus in capture ELISA.
A monoclonal antibody (4H4) against the major internal protein, p24, of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is described. It recognizes a sequence determinant on the p24-molecule and displays high affinity to its antigen. The monoclonal antibody 4H4 was applied in capture ELISA for diagnosis of enzootic bovine leukosis, using crude BLV-preparation as antigen. This test is more sensitive than the immunodiffusion test and at least as sensitive as direct ELISA.
Animals↗
New ELISA test for detection of bovine leukemia virus infections in cattle, using bacterially synthesized p24.
A new ELISA test is described for the detection of antibodies to bovine leukemia virus protein p24. This test employs a bacterially synthesized p24 antigen which represents a hybrid protein consisting of beta-galactosidase and about 70% of the mature viral p24. The antigen preparation was enriched from Escherichia coli cells to 95% purity and was used for the detection of antibodies in cattle. In a selected set of 100 positive field sera, 97 could be verified by the new test.
Animals↗
Nucleotide sequence analysis of the 3' half of the genome of bovine leukaemia virus grown in FLK cells.
The DNA sequence of the env and px (tat) regions of bovine leukaemia virus cloned from integrated proviral DNA of the virus producing FLK cell line was determined and compared with published sequences cloned from bovine leukaemia virus-induced tumours of cattle. The homology of 97% between a Belgian tumour clone and the FLK clone was significantly lower than that between a Japanese tumour clone and the FLK clone, where less than 1% nucleotide exchanges were observed. The sequences of cDNAs synthesized from purified virus RNA material which had been grown in different FLK sublines were found completely identical with one another as well as with the equivalent FLK proviral DNA sequences.
Base Sequence↗
Identification of an immunodominant region on the isolated bovine leukaemia virus (BLV) major envelope protein gp51 by monoclonal antibodies presumably not exposed during natural BLV infection.
A panel of newly isolated monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) is described which are specific for bovine leukaemia virus (BLV) envelope protein gp51. Epitope mapping using competition antibody binding assays and binding studies with gp51-related fusion proteins and synthetic peptides show that they are directed against seven independent antigenic determinants. Four of them are unrelated to the epitopes described earlier (Bruck et al., 1982a). We define three binding regions for the MoAbs on the gp51 molecule. The region between amino acids 170 and 217 is highly immunogenic when the isolated protein is used for immunization, and seems to be inaccessible for immune recognition when gp51 is associated with the virus envelope as it occurs during natural BLV infection.
Animals↗
[Use of a monoclonal antibody against envelope protein gp51 of bovine leukemia virus in a test for the diagnosis of enzootic bovine leukosis].
A highly specific monoclonal antibody (mAb) directed against envelope protein gp51 and effectively bonding the antigen (Ag) on account of its high affinity from an unpurified Ag preparation was chosen for use in a double-sandwich enzyme immuno-assay (EIA) for diagnosis of bovine leukaemia virus (BLV). The epitopes recognised in bovine sera by the gp51-specific antibodies were at the same time properly exposed. Some parameters of major importance to testing were optimised (Ab and Ag quantities, dilution of bovine sera for testing). Preliminary testing of the double-sandwich EIA on selected bovine sera and comparison with both the immunodiffusion test and anti-BLV EIA confirmed its good diagnostic specificity and sensitivity. Hence, this double-sandwich EIA, developed by means of an mAB against gp51, on account of the possibility to use as Ag culture supernatant of the FLC cell line, is a sensitive, low-cost alternative to the anti-BLV EIA Dessau MTP which had so far been used. The double-sandwich EIA is recommended for use in final sanitation for its high analytical and diagnostic sensitivity.
Animals↗
Gallium uptake in a paraplegic patient with bilateral lower extremity fat necrosis.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Fat Necrosis↗
[Immunization of young cattle with gp51 of the bovine leukosis virus and the subsequent experimental infection].
Calves were immunised by means of a native Al(OH)3-absorbed gp51-preparation which had been obtained from a foetal lamb kidney cell line, following bovine leucosis virus (BLV) infection. 9 animals were immunised 3 times, using 300 micrograms gp51. 7 animals underwent test infection, using 2.5 x 10(3) or 2.5 x 10(4) BLV-infected lymphocytes. Serological and virological reactions of all animals, including 3 calves which had received only test infections, were followed up through 40 weeks by means of immunodiffusion test, enzyme-immuno-assay, gp51 antibody radio-immuno-assay, reverse transcriptase test, syncytial test, competitive p24 radio-immuno-assay, and by transmission of whole blood in animal experiments. The results obtained from virological testing showed that 1 animal had been protected by preceding immunisation. 4 in 7 immunised and test-infected animals exhibited transient BLV values, between the 7th and 16th weeks from infection. Typical leucosis infection had been induced to 2 animals. The above findings are discussed and are compared to similar results recorded by other working groups.
Animals↗
A radioimmunoassay detecting the bovine leukaemia virus transmembrane protein gp30 and anti-gp30 antibodies in the serum of cattle.
By means of SDS PAGE we isolated from virus-infected foetal lamb kidney (FLK) cells a relatively homogenous envelope transmembrane protein gp30 of bovine leukaemia virus (BLV). As shown by a partial sequence analysis of the N-terminus of this protein, our gp30 preparation contained only traces (less than 5%) of p24 gag protein: Rabbit anti-gp30 serum did not cross react with the BLV proteins gp51, p12, p15(1), p15(2), and p10 but reacted weakly with the p24 polypeptide. 125I-labelled gp30 (chloramine-T) was precipitated with the serum of BLV-infected cattle. Nonlabelled preparation of gp30 competitively inhibited the reaction of 125I-labelled gp30 with the natural antibodies. We investigated 193 cattle sera by liquid phase radioimmunoassays (RIA) using 125I-gp30, gp51 and p24 antigens. Sixteen noninfected cattle sera were negative in all tests. The 177 serum samples of BLV-infected animals were examined to the diagnostic value of the three tests. Of these, 175 were positive in gp51 RIA, 172 in p24 RIA and 164 in gp30 RIA. In all three tests, 159 sera were positive while 18 sera, mostly coming from animals with normal leukocyte counts, were positive only either with gp51 or p24, or were double positive with either gp51/p24 or gp51/gp30. We conclude that the gp51 RIA is superior to both the gp30 and the p24 RIA and that the gp30 RIA will be useful for investigating the role of gp30 in virus pathogenicity.
Animals↗
Treatment of bovine leukaemia virus-infected sheep with suramin: an animal model for the development of antiretroviral compounds.
Bovine leukaemia virus (BLV) and the human T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma viruses I and II represent a specific group of type-C RNA tumour viruses characterized by the presence between the err gene and the 3'LTR of an "x" region or LOR frame, which codes for a protein that trans-activates the transcription of the viral genome. As BLV can also infect sheep and induces pre B-cell specific tumours in these animals, we were interested in investigating whether suramin, a potent inhibitor of retrovirus-associated reverse transcriptase, may inhibit the in vivo multiplication of BLV in sheep. The sheep were infected with 4 X 10(7) leukocytes from a BLV-infected cow. The animals were maedi-visna virus-negative. Viral p24 antigen and reverse transcriptase appeared at 2 weeks and seroconversion occurred at 4 weeks after infection. Suramin was administered at 20 mg/kg/week from the 10th till the 16th week after infection. During the treatment period the expression of p24 antigen as well as the titre of anti-p24 and anti-gp51 antibodies were followed. Suramin treatment led to a significant, but transient, disappearance of p24 antigen and did not affect the titre of anti-p24 and anti-gp51 antibodies. The BLV-infected sheep may serve as a useful animal model for the investigation of retrovirus inhibitors and the evaluation of different therapeutic regimens.
Animals↗
BLV-p24 expression in BLV infected cattle and detection of BLV-p24 receptors in cattle afflicted with tumorous leukosis in vivo.
Noncultivated and short-term cultivated blood leukocytes of BLV-infected cattle both with and without tumorous leukosis have been investigated for BLV-p24 antigen expression and for their capacity to bind BLV-p24 antigen. In animals with persistent lymphocytosis using cell extracts of 3-6 X 10(8) non-short-term cultivated blood leukocytes, BLV-p24 antigen could be identified by means of competitive RIA. In cattle with tumorous leukosis, the antigen detection in non-short-term cultivated leukocytes may be masked by the presence of antigen-binding receptors. The capacity of p24 antigen binding is likely to be a phenotypical marker for the cells occurring in the tumour phase only.
Animals↗
Expression of env sequences of the bovine leukemia virus (BLV) in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
DNA sequences of the envelope (env) gene of the bovine leukemia virus (BLV) were expressed in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Two yeast promoters, the repressible PHO5 promoter and the constitutive PGK promoter, were used to construct four expression plasmids comprising either a sequence of the surface antigen gp51 or a (gp51 + gp30) sequence. The expressed heterologous gene products were characterized by Western blot analysis and competitive radioimmunoassay. By means of Northern blot analysis the steady-state level of env-specific mRNA was analysed. The highest expression rate was obtained from recombinant plasmid YEpSG 94 comprising a gp51 sequence--a 630 base pair fragment containing 70% of the gp51 but lacking the N terminus--as well as the PHO5 promoter including PHO5 signal sequence and the PHO5 terminator. The recombinant gp51 was partially glycosylated but the PHO5 signal peptide did not seem to be cleaved off. No immunoreactive material could be found in the periplasm or in the culture medium. By means of monoclonal antibodies directed against eight different epitopes of viral gp51, all four sequential antigenic determinants were detected in the AH 216 (YEpSG 94) expression product.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Phase I/II study of recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in bone marrow failure.
We performed a Phase I/II study of the administration of recombinant human GM-CSF to patients suffering from severe bone marrow failure, either due to aplastic anemia or myelodysplastic syndrome. Doses ranging from 15 micrograms/m2 to 480 micrograms/m2 were administered as an intravenous infusion daily for 7 days. Temporary improvements were seen in granulocyte counts, monocyte counts and reticulocyte counts. There was no reduction in erythrocyte transfusion requirements and no effect was observed on platelet counts. There was only minimal toxicity consisting of transient low back discomfort, anorexia, myalgias/arthralgias, and low grade fever. Our data suggest that prolonged use of GM-CSF might benefit some patients with severe marrow failure.
Adult↗
Depressive symptomatology and dexamethasone suppression test in preschool age children.
The association between depressive symptomatology and failure of cortisol suppression following dexamethasone administration is explored in a preschool age tertiary care psychiatric population. Clinical research investigation of 16 preschoolers, including 13 inpatients and three outpatients, indicates that a broad range of DSM-III depressive symptomatology can be identified in this population. Seven patients had a serum cortisol value greater than 5 micrograms/dl following 1 mg dexamethasone and six of these had diagnoses within the depressive spectrum. The appropriateness of DSM-III criteria in this age group is discussed and the usefulness of the Preschool Depression Scale as an interview guide is reviewed. Difficulties in interpreting the biological findings are also reviewed, in addition to possible genetic or environmental influences from the family psychiatric history.
Child Abuse↗
Simple method to measure power density entering a plane biological sample at millimeter wavelengths.
A simple method for measuring microwave power density is described. It is applicable to situations where exposure of samples in the near field of a horn is necessary. A transmitted power method is used to calibrate the power density entering the surface of the sample. Once the calibration is available, the power density is known in terms of the incident and reflected powers within the waveguide. The calibration has been carried out for liquid samples in a quartz cell. Formulas for calculating specific absorption rate (SAR) are derived in terms of the power density and the complex dielectric constant of the sample. An error analysis is also given.
Calibration↗