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Biomedical subjects

S Rose

Publications and source records attributed to S Rose.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

HLA-B5 and B21 antigens in aortoarteritis.

The distribution of class I HLA antigens (HLA-A, B) were determined in 50 patients of Aortoarteritis in an Indian population. This included 29 females and 21 males. The difference in antigen frequency was observed between patients and controls with reference to HLA-A19, B5 and B21 antigens. A decreased frequency of HLA-A19 was observed in the patients as compared to controls (14% vs 33.25%, X2 = 6.81, P less than 0.025). Of the B locus antigens, an increased frequency of HLA B5 was observed in the patients as compared to controls (48% vs 29.5%, X2 = 6.2, P less than 0.025). HLA-B21 was also increased in the patients as compared to the controls (18% vs 6.5%, X2 = 6.67, P less than 0.025). These data suggest the involvement of genetic factor (s) in the aetiopathogenesis of this disease. Further, the observations indicate that HLA-B5 and B21 may be associated with Aortoarteritis.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effects of 13-cis retinoic acid and interferon-alpha in chronic myelogenous leukemia cells in vivo in patients.

The effects of the administration of a 3-day course of 13-cis retinoic acid in combination with interferon a [RA/IFN] on the leukemia cells was measured in vivo in 43 patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia. The administration of RA/IFN was associated with a significant fall in the white blood cell count of patients with chronic-phase disease and with a fall in the percentage S-phase cells in CML patients regardless of the stage of their leukemia. In two thirds of the patients studied the administration of RA/IFN was also associated with an increase in marrow apoptosis. The cytokine combination also suppressed bcl-2 and myc expression in a minority of patients and such expression appears to be associated with response to a treatment regimen which includes RA/IFN. These studies are the first to directly assess the effects of the combination of RA/IFN on chronic myelogenous leukemia cells in vivo in patients. These effects, if seen in other malignant diseases, could account for the therapeutic benefit which has been associated with the administration of this combination of biological agents to patients with malignant disease.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Analysis of cocaine and cocaethylene in blood and tissues by GC-NPD and GC-ion trap mass spectrometry.

Cocaethylene, the ethyl homolog of cocaine, is an active cocaine metabolite found in cocaine users who simultaneously consume cocaine and ethanol. To study the combined incidence of cocaine and cocaethylene, an analytical method was devised that would simultaneously quantify both drugs in whole blood or tissues. The method includes a quantitative procedure by GC-NPD with a confirmation by ion trap mass spectrometry. Propylbenzoylecgonine, the propyl homolog of cocaine, was used as the internal standard. The quantitative method was linear from 0.05 to 10.0 mg/L with a limit of detection of 0.02 mg/L. Cocaethylene and propylbenzoylecgonine were synthesized in the laboratory. The complete analytical procedure and the method of synthesis are presented, along with brief descriptions of medical examiner cases where both cocaine and cocaethylene were quantified and where cocaethylene may have played a part in the cause of death. In the five cases presented, the cocaine concentration ranged from 0.03 to 1.4 mg/L and cocaethylene ranged from 0.03 to 0.53 mg/L in the blood.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Alterations in surgical decision making in patients with cerebral palsy based on three-dimensional gait analysis.

The purpose of this study was to compare surgical recommendations made by clinicians experienced in gait analysis when using information provided from the clinical examination and videotape, with recommendations made after the addition of kinematic, kinetic, and electromyographic (EMG) data. Ninety-one patients with a diagnosis of cerebral palsy were seen in the gait laboratory as part of the surgical decision-making process. Experienced clinicians reviewed video and clinical examination data for each patient and made surgical recommendations. Joint kinematics and kinetics and EMG data were then reviewed, and a second set of surgical recommendations was made. Comparisons between these recommendations showed that the addition of gait-analysis data resulted in changes in surgical recommendations in 52% of the patients, with an associated reduction in cost of surgery, not to mention the human impact of an inappropriate surgical decision, which is more likely without gait analysis. When changes in recommendations were made, an increase in surgical recommendations was observed for the gastrocnemius (59%) and rectus femoris (65%), whereas decreases were observed for the hamstrings (61%), psoas (78%), hip adductors (83%), femur (86%), and tibia (64%).

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Factors that influence emergency department visits for asthma.

BACKGROUND: Asthma can usually be controlled through allergen avoidance and/or appropriate medication. An emergency department visit for an acute exacerbation of asthma often represents a breakdown in asthma management. Emergency department treatment results in significant health care expenditures and reflects a compromised quality of life. OBJECTIVES: To identify risk factors associated with an emergency department visit for asthma. METHODS: This case-control study compared 299 people (76% of 390 cases contacted) who attended one of two emergency departments in Alberta in 1992 and 1993 for an acute exacerbation of asthma (cases) with 212 unmatched community controls with asthma who were located by random digit dialing. Cases and controls were asked to complete a mailed questionnaire to obtain data regarding severity, visits to doctors and emergency departments, medication use, allergies and other triggers, and smoking history. Data analysis included bivariate analysis of risk factors and multivariate model development using logistic regression. RESULTS: The response rate was similar between cases and controls. Cases were younger than controls (odds ratio [OR] 2.16, 95% CI 1.34 to 3.48) and more often reported their asthma to be severe (OR 4.25, 95% CI 2.24 to 8.06), and had experienced nocturnal symptoms (stratified OR range 1.36 to 6.82). Cases used more health care services in the previous year, had been admitted to hospital at some time for asthma (OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.10 to 2.38) and used more medication than controls. CONCLUSIONS: Physicians and other health care workers should be sensitive to the risk factors and target interventions to high risk individuals.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pancreatic islet purification using bovine serum albumin: the importance of density gradient temperature and osmolality.

Euro-Ficoll and bovine serum albumin (BSA) are two of the most commonly used density gradient media for the purification of pancreatic islets. Euro-Ficoll is based upon Euro-Collins, a cold storage medium, and must, therefore, be used at 4 degrees C. The ionic composition of BSA, however, is likely to contribute to hypothermic cellular swelling, and this may influence the efficiency of islet purification using this medium at 4 degrees C. Experience in this laboratory also suggested that batch-to-batch variation in islet purity using BSA was related to differences in BSA osmolality. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of gradient medium temperature and osmolality on the purification of human and porcine islets using BSA. Pancreata were collagenase-digested, and islets were purified on continuous linear density gradients of BSA. The distribution of insulin and amylase in each gradient was assayed, and used to calculate the median density of islets and exocrine tissue, and the efficiency of islet purification (% amylase contamination at a fixed insulin yield), using: 1) gradient osmolalities of 300, 400, and 500 mOsm/kg H2O (seven porcine pancreata), and 2) gradients at 4 degrees C and at 22 degrees C (eight human and seven porcine pancreata). Increase in density gradient osmolality produced increases in porcine exocrine tissue density which exceeded changes in islet density, resulting in improved islet purity, maximal at a BSA osmolality of 400 mOsm/kg H2O. For human pancreata there was no significant change in pancreatic tissue densities nor islet purity with temperature.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Traumatic stress: a nurse therapist role?

The study of people who experience post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is still in its infancy. Yet it is already clear that victims of more common traumatic events are as much at risk of suffering short- and long-term psychological consequences as the victims of major disasters. Nurse therapists and specialists clinics could have a key role in working with people experiencing PTSD and in educating others about the problems.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Significant skills.

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Humans↗