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Biomedical subjects

S Ringoir

Publications and source records attributed to S Ringoir.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Correlation of a colorimetric and a HPLC method for the determination of serum hippuric acid concentrations in uremia.

Hippuric acid has been recognized as a potential marker of uremic toxicity in chronic renal failure. However, in most studies, serum hippuric acid concentrations have been determined by sophisticated methods, such as high-performance liquid chromatography. The present study was undertaken to evaluate whether the less complicated colorimetric determination method could replace such methods. Based on 21 different samples, the results obtained by both methods appeared to be correlated to each other in a highly significant way (total hippuric acid: r = 0.99, p less than 0.001; free hippuric acid; r = 1.00, p less than 0.001). Mean total and free hippuric acid concentrations and mean percent protein binding, obtained with both determination methods, were also identical. It is concluded that both the colorimetric method and high-performance liquid chromatography are equally reliable for the study of the concentration of hippuric acid in uremic serum and of its importance as a marker of the clinical and biochemical epiphenomena of uremic toxicity.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1988

Cefodizime: a new cephalosporin with apparent immune-stimulating properties in chronic renal failure.

In vitro experiments suggest that cefodizime, a new cephalosporin, causes an increase in phagocytic capacity. We therefore evaluated the effect of cefodizime on the phagocytic system in haemodialysis patients by an estimation of the 14CO2 production during glucose metabolisation by phagocytic cells, in the resting state, and after zymosan and latex. The production of 14CO2 after latex increased in five of six patients (mean +/- SD: from 17,932 +/- 11,859 before to 21,183 +/- 7849 d.p.m. at the end of treatment). The corresponding data after zymosan were 48,381 +/- 24,891 and 70,176 +/- 15,140 d.p.m. The improved 14CO2 production after stimulation persisted for 2 further weeks. These results suggest a stimulation in vivo of the depressed phagocytic system of the uraemic patient by cefodizime.

Cefotaxime↗
PubMed1988

Uremic toxins.

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Hemofiltration↗
PubMed1987

Retention patterns.

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Chromatography, Gel↗
PubMed1987

Influence of pathological state on the acoustic attenuation coefficient slope of liver.

The acoustic attenuation coefficient slope (beta) of liver was estimated in vivo from the spectral difference of returned echoes. beta of normal young subjects was lower than that of older subjects (mean: 0.340 vs 0.418 dB/cm.MHz). Limited fluid withdrawal from the body by haemodialysis did not affect beta. In alcoholic liver disease beta was related to the amount of fat and of fibrous tissue in liver biopsy specimens. High values of beta were observed as soon as the degree of steatosis exceeded 5 vol%. There was a similar increase of beta in the presence of fibrous interlobular septa. In normal liver beta was related to the amount of triglycerides in the liver specimen.

Acoustics↗
PubMed1987

Adequacy studies of fistula single-needle dialysis.

The preferred method of vascular access for routine hemodialysis is via an arteriovenous fistula into which two needles are inserted. Single-needle access is an alternative to this method. Thorough evaluations of the efficiency of the single-needle method are lacking. The present study evaluates the weekly time-averaged urea concentrations (TACUrea) and protein intake (PI) in 76 patients routinely treated with single-needle dialysis on a chronic basis. Furthermore, other clinical parameters of dialysis adequacy, such as hematocrit, nerve conduction velocity, hospitalization rate, and cumulative survival also were evaluated, as well as fistula survival. TACUrea appeared to be 53.2 +/- 6.0 mg/100 mL, a value corresponding to adequate two-needle dialysis with low morbidity, as outlined by the American National Cooperative Study Group. PI was evaluated from urea generation rates (G) and from outpatient dietary records. G was 6.07 +/- 2.42 mg/min, and the corresponding PI was calculated to be 1.07 +/- 0.28 g/kg body weight/24 h. PI estimated from dietary records was 1.14 +/- 0.43 g/kg body weight/24 h. The relation of total clearance over distribution volume (KT/V) averaged 0.98 +/- 0.23. Mean hematocrit and nerve conduction velocity during 2 years of follow-up ranged between 24% and 26% and 38 and 40 m/s, respectively. Hospitalization rate during 1 year was 18%. Five years' cumulative survival was 64% for the period 1975 to 1985, and 79% for the period 1980 to 1985. Five years' fistula survival was 74%, a value higher than in four studies on two-needle dialysis of comparable extent. It is concluded that urea kinetic data and other parameters of dialysis adequacy indicate that the efficiency of the single-needle technique is at least as good as that obtained in the more currently used two-needle technique. Subsequently, the current reluctance towards single-needle dialysis as a routine procedure in chronic renal failure, appears to be unjustified.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Influence of reuse and of reuse sterilants on the first-use syndrome.

Over a 4 year period, five of 98 patients at our dialysis unit developed signs and symptoms consistent with first-use syndrome (FUS). Marked improvement was noted after subjecting new dialyzers to automated processing using either formaldehyde or peracetic acid. No episodes of FUS occurred in patients being treated with reused dialyzers. Use of formaldehyde sterilization was associated with development of anti-N-like antibodies in the blood of four (8%) of 50 patients over a follow-up period of 14 months. In two patients on the reuse program, itching during dialysis resolved after changing from formaldehyde-sterilization to a method using peracetic acid. Our results confirm the beneficial effects of reuse with regard to first-use syndrome. However, our data also suggest that use of formaldehyde, the most common reuse sterilant, continues to be associated with undesirable clinical and laboratory side effects.

Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic↗
PubMed1987

Pseudo-Kaposi's sarcoma as a complication of Cimino-Brescia arteriovenous fistulas in hemodialysis patients.

Pseudo-Kaposi's sarcoma is a skin lesion that is associated with chronic venous insufficiency and/or congenital arteriovenous fistulas. Theoretically, this lesion could also be expected in connection with hemodialysis vascular accesses. Nevertheless, this disease has been reported only once in conjunction with a Cimino-Brescia arteriovenous fistula, and no attention has been paid to the potential complications of this disease. In the present paper 3 cases are reported. In 1 patient pseudo-Kaposi's sarcoma was complicated by an infected open wound as a consequence of a trauma. In the 2 other patients, a skin biopsy was followed by local infection and retarded healing of the wound. Evaluation by fistulagraphy and/or Doppler revealed venous outflow stenosis in only 1 case. After reconstruction or ligation of the fistula, correction of the lesions was observed. It is concluded that pseudo-Kaposi's sarcoma can occur as a complication of Cimino-Brescia arteriovenous fistulas, necessitating early correction of the fistula. The performance of a skin biopsy might be associated with infection and delayed wound healing, so that this diagnostic procedure should only be performed in cases where the clinical diagnosis is not obvious.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Morbidity and mortality of central venous catheter hemodialysis: a review of 10 years' experience.

The morbidity and mortality of hemodialysis by internal central venous catheterization in the subclavian and internal jugular positions are reviewed. A follow-up study was performed in our unit over 10 years (786 catheterizations). The most frequent complications were inadequate flow (7.6%) inadvertent withdrawal (5.6%) and bacteremia (5.1%). The overall complication rate was 27.2%. Kinking (p less than 0.001), bleeding (p less than 0.01) and bacteremia (p less than 0.05) occurred more frequently in patients with chronic renal failure, compared to patients with acute renal failure. Inadvertent withdrawal was the only complication observed more frequently in the internal jugular than in the subclavian position (10.8 vs. 4.3%; p less than 0.01). Bacteremia occurred more frequently after prolonged periods of catheterization (greater than 10 days). No fatal complications were observed. To obtain a more accurate idea about mortality, two supplementary large groups were studied: a review of 11 published series (1,542 catheterizations) and a questionnaire-based survey of 16 dialysis centers (approximately 4,000 catheterizations). Six fatalities were registered: 1 due to septicemia (in the literature review) and 3 due to traumatic perforation of the cardiac or the vessel wall, 1 to septicemia and 1 to air embolism (in the questionnaire-based survey). Based on the three different groups studied, the mortality of catheter dialysis could be estimated to be between 0 and 1.25/1,000 catheterizations.

Catheterization, Central Venous↗
PubMed1987

[Technical and economic aspects of bicarbonate hemodialysis].

The bicarbonate haemodialysis which is better tolerated by the patient is accompanied by a series of technical and economical problems. The insolubility of bicarbonate in the usual dialysis concentrates demands the production of an additional concentrate which is added to the irrigation solution. Furthermore, the evaporation of CO2 may lead to the change of the composition of the solution. The special production of the concentrates, particular criteria of storage as well as the necessity of additional monitors for the control of the irrigation solution for dialysis leads to an increase of the cost. The devices for the bicarbonate dialysis being sold now are judged and classified in their efficiency.

Bicarbonates↗
PubMed1987

Causes and prognosis of acute renal failure in elderly patients.

In this retrospective study, 287 patients with acute renal failure observed between 1980 and 1985 were divided into 2 groups, according to age: group 1 of 65 years or more (n = 100) and group 2 between 17 and 64 years (n = 187). In both age groups the whole spectrum of causes of acute renal failure was found, but within that spectrum a higher incidence of post-renal failure, acute renal vascular disease and of hypovolaemic acute renal failure was noted in group 1 versus group 2. On the other hand, pigment-induced acute renal failure was lower in group 1 (4%) versus group 2 (13%). The overall survival was 54% in the elderly versus 56% in the younger patients (NS). A close relationship between survival and the number of postadmission complications was found in both groups. Interestingly, the presence of severe hypokalaemia (less than 3.5 mmol/l) and metabolic alkalosis (plasma HCO3 greater than 30 mmol/l) was associated with a very high mortality of 73% and 86% respectively in the elderly patients. Complete or incomplete recovery of renal function was the same in both age groups. It is concluded that age alone should not be used as a discriminating factor in therapeutic decisions concerning acute renal failure in an older patient.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1987

[Hemodynamic aspects of bicarbonate dialysis].

About the comparison of the acetate haemodialysis with the bicarbonate haemodialysis different and partly contradictory data are found in literature. In general the bicarbonate haemodialysis is regarded as that variant of therapy which has a less negative influence on the haemodynamics during the dialysis treatment. On 21 patients comparative examinations were performed with the two variants of therapy. The acute complications during the treatment were registered, the circulatory parameters blood pressure, pulse rate and cardiac output (1/min) were measured and the oxygen partial pressure was established. Comparing the two methods of therapy, no essential differences could be found. Patients with evident acetate incompatibility showed significantly more frequently clinical complications under the acetate dialysis. In the acetate dialysis the oxygen partial pressure clearly decreased which is to be discussed as cause for the circulatory instability in this therapeutic method.

Bicarbonates↗