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Biomedical subjects

S Rich

Publications and source records attributed to S Rich.

157 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
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Acceptance of transcutaneous nitroglycerin patches by patients with angina pectoris.

The acceptance, preference, and side effects of the 3 commercially available nitroglycerin patches were examined in 30 patients with chronic, stable angina pectoris. Patients were serially interviewed after each treatment period regarding patch comfort, aesthetics, discomfort upon removal, adhesiveness, efficacy, and side effects. They were also interviewed and examined for adverse skin reactions. There were significant differences among the 3 patches with respect to comfort, aesthetics, discomfort, and adhesiveness. Skin reactions (mostly mild) occurred in 83% of patients: patch A, 70%; patch B, 43%; and patch C, 57%. Intolerable reactions, which would have caused patch discontinuation, were noted in 40% of patients: patch A, 30%; patch B, 7%; and patch C, 10%. Most patients had an intolerable reaction to only 1 patch. Significant differences were present only between patches A and B with respect to total and intolerable skin reactions. Thus the systems differed in terms of patient preference and skin reactions. Skin reactions are probably more prevalent than previously reported but usually occur with just one of the patches. Physicians and hospitals should probably individualize nitrate patch therapy within formulary and budgetary constraints.

Adhesiveness↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Development of atherosclerosis in genetically hyperlipidemic rabbits during chronic fish-oil ingestion.

The evidence for a reduction in cardiovascular mortality from fish oil is based on epidemiologic observations. To test whether fish-oil supplementation influences the development of atherosclerosis, we treated Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic rabbits (WHHL), an inbred strain that spontaneously develops atherosclerosis, with 2.5 ml of MaxEPA fish-oil concentrate daily and compared them to a control group fed unsupplemented rabbit chow. Serial cholesterol and triglyceride levels were monitored as were plasma lipid hydroperoxides. The animals were given fish oil from the time of weaning until 1 year of age, when they were sacrificed and their aortas were compared for the extent of atherosclerosis. No significant differences in the cholesterol or triglyceride levels were noted between the two groups. Fatty acid hydroperoxide levels were also similar and were noted to increase from weaning (1.0 +/- 0.7 microM) to the time of sacrifice (1.8 +/- 1.5 microM, p less than 0.01). Fish oil had no influence on the extent of aortic atherosclerosis (25% +/- 14% surface area for controls vs. 28% +/- 19% for treated, p = NS), plaque thickness, or plaque volume after 1 year. We conclude that fish oil does not reduce the levels of serum cholesterol, lipid hydroperoxides, or aortic atherosclerosis in WHHL rabbits. The hypothesis that fish oil protects against atherosclerosis was not supported by this study.

Animals↗
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Dear ol' mom.

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Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Influences on adolescent sexuality in Nigeria and Kenya: findings from recent focus-group discussions.

Continuing high rates of adolescent childbearing in sub-Saharan Africa indicate a need for improved understanding of factors affecting adolescent sexuality. As traditional cultural influences on adolescent sexuality in Africa have diminished, peer interaction and modern influences have gained importance. To study peer interaction and societal factors and their impact on adolescent attitudes toward sexuality and contraception, the authors conducted a series of single-sex-focus-group discussions with in-school and out-of-school youth in urban and rural areas of Kenya and Nigeria in 1990. Out-of-school youth generally receive information on sexuality and family planning from peers (and the media), while in-school youth receive information in school, although not necessarily relevant information. Young women interviewed perceived unwanted early childbearing as something that affected them, an important precursor to family planning use. However, young people tended to have better information and more positive attitudes about induced abortion than about family planning.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Timing of single lung transplantation for primary pulmonary hypertension.

Single lung transplantation has been advocated as a definitive treatment for primary pulmonary hypertension. Because of reports of improved survival in some patients with vasodilators and anticoagulants, the timing of referral for single lung transplantation needs to be examined. Survival in primary pulmonary hypertension was estimated, with the use of a proportional hazards model, from data obtained from the National Institutes of Health registry on primary pulmonary hypertension. Waiting times for single lung transplantation, obtained from the United Network for Organ Sharing, were found to follow an exponential distribution. Under the assumption that waiting time and survival are independent, a model was developed to estimate the probability of surviving to single lung transplantation, depending on the waiting time for a single lung transplantation, and the delay in transplant referral. Examples were computed with hemodynamic data from the National Institutes of Health registry on primary pulmonary hypertension: waiting times of 6, 12, 18, and 24 months and delays in single lung transplantation referral of 0, 1, 2, and 3 years. For a waiting time of 6 months, the chance of surviving to single lung transplantation with a 3-year delay varies from 19% for a patient with a mean pulmonary artery pressure of 80 mm Hg to 72% for a patient with a mean pulmonary artery pressure of 41 mm Hg. For a waiting time of 24 months and a 3-year delay in single lung transplantation referral, this probability varies from 14% (mean pulmonary artery pressure 80 mm Hg) to 59% (mean pulmonary artery pressure 41 mm Hg).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Hemodynamics↗