Biomedical subjects

S Ricci

Publications and source records attributed to S Ricci.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources

PubMed1997

A randomized study of gemcitabine monotherapy versus etoposide/cisplatin in the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer.

This randomized, multinational, multicenter study was designed to determine the response rate of gemcitabine monotherapy and cisplatin/etoposide combination therapy in chemotherapy-naive patients with advanced, recurrent, and/or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (stage IIIA [if inoperable], IIIB, or IV). One group of patients received gemcitabine 1,000 mg/m2 intravenously once a week for 3 weeks (days 1, 8, and 15) followed by a 1-week rest period. The second group received cisplatin 100 mg/m2 intravenously on day 1 of each 28-day cycle in combination with etoposide 100 mg/m2, administered on days 1, 2, and 3 following the cisplatin infusion. Each patient was allowed to remain on study up to a maximum of six cycles. The planned interim analysis was based on the 117 patients in the study, 116 of whom were randomized up until November 20, 1995. The efficacy analysis was performed on the 107 patients who had data from a minimum of two cycles, whereas the safety analysis was based on data from all 116 randomized patients. In the gemcitabine arm there were 10 of 52 (19%) partial responders; in the cisplatin/etoposide arm there were four (7%) of 54 partial responders. There was a statistically significant difference in the response rates between the two arms, with a 95% confidence interval of 0.6% to 32.1% (P = .040). The median time to progressive disease was 4.2 months for gemcitabine patients and 3.7 months for cisplatin/etoposide patients. There was significantly more alopecia and nausea and vomiting in the cisplatin/etoposide arm compared with the gemcitabine arm, as well as two cases of neutropenic sepsis in the cisplatin/etoposide arm. These data indicate that single-agent gemcitabine is at least as effective as the combination of cisplatin/etoposide in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer and has an improved safety profile.

Adult↗

PubMed1997

[Antiblastic locoregional perfusion with control of the aorto-caval flow: technique of percutaneous access].

The authors introduce a new technique for performing aortic stop-flow infusion (ASI) or hypoxic abdominal perfusion (HAP) to treat advanced thoracoabdominal tumors, via an angiographic percutaneous approach. To date, the maneuver has always been performed with surgical exposure of vascular sites in the groins. The materials available on the market were initially used and then dedicated materials have been developed, such as 11-F vascular sheaths, 8-F catheters, latex balloons with maximum phi's of 4 cm and maximum capacity of 70 ml. We performed 72 maneuvers in 56 patients during 22 months. No technical or instrumental complications occurred and all treatments were successful. Three patients (6%) died within 12 hours, two because of ARDS following thoracic perfusion and one for acute renal failure and disseminated intravascular coagulation following abdominal perfusion. The percutaneous approach provides the same mechanical-occlusive efficacy for aortocaval occlusion and therefore the same therapeutic results as surgery, but it has fewer risks of technical complications and no technical failures. Moreover, this technique is more repeatable and less expensive than surgery and its hospital stay and recovery time are shorter. To conclude, the ASI/HAP procedure is an interesting therapeutic chance in otherwise untreatable advanced cancer patients offering several prospects of technical and pharmacologic development to further increase its efficacy.

Aorta↗

PubMed1997

[Antiblastic hypoxic stop-flow perfusion in the treatment of liver metastasis: preliminary results].

PATIENTS AND METHODS: 27 patients (14 men and 13 women aged 35 to 71 years; average: 59 years), with 3-11 months' follow-up (average: 5 months) were treated for hepatic metastases (17/22 from colorectal, 10/22 from other primary tumors) with hypoxic locoregional hepatic perfusion. Sixteen of 22 patients had been pretreated with resection, systemic chemotherapy or freeflow locoregional infusion. Our protocol consists in blocking arterial flow with an occlusion balloon catheter inflated in the hepatic artery; the main catheter channel is connected with a pump system and 250-300 ml saline with 30-40 mg Mitomycin C are perfused in the arterial hepatic system. Embolization with a gelatin sponge is performed after the end of perfusion. RESULTS: 19/27 patients are still alive, and 8/27 are dead but death was caused by the progression of intrahepatic disease in only 2/27 (7%). Iatrogenic lesions of the arterial wall were shown at follow-up DSA in 15/22 patients (56%). Thirteen CR (48%) and 9 PR (33%) were demonstrated at CT follow-up, amounting to 81% of objective responses. Follow-up showed a clinical CR in 12/18 symptomatic patients (66%). No case of hematologic toxicity was observed. Mean CEA values changed from 129 to 10.60. Twelve of 27 patients exhibited mild posttreatment sequels, none of them lasting longer than three days; ischemic cholecystitis was seen in 3/15 cases (14%). CONCLUSIONS: The occlusion catheters on the market are not optimal for this procedure; the axillary percutaneous approach is advantageous. CR rate was very high in our series but the objective response rate doses do not differ from those in the series with free-flow procedures. The highest CR rate was observed in untreated patients and in hypervascularized lesions; the rate of clinical sequels was low, clinical CR rates were high and there was no hematologic toxicity. This well-tolerated procedure provides good local disease control, but the high rate of deaths from extrahepatic progression suggests that systemic chemotherapy and long-step intraarterial perfusion be combined.

Adult↗

PubMed1997

[Results of flow-controlled antiblastic perfusions (stop-flow technique) carried out with percutaneous technique: 30-month experience].

PURPOSE: We report the morphological and clinical results in a series of patients with advanced thoracopulmonary, abdominal, pelvic and lower limb tumors treated with stop-flow perfusion (SFP). MATERIAL AND METHODS: We performed 77 SFPs with the percutaneous angiographic technique in 55 patients (25 women and 30 men; mean age: 53 years). Eighteen thoracic perfusions with aortocaval block (ASI) were performed in 11 patients, 33 abdominal hypoxic perfusions (HAP) in 26 patients, 17 hypoxic pelvic perfusion (HPP) in 11 patients and 9 hypoxic lower limb perfusions (HILP) in 7 patients. 42/77 procedures were followed by hemofiltration. RESULTS: No technical complications were observed. Twenty-eight patients in our series are still alive (mean follow-up: 14 months) and 23 have died (mean survival: 8 months), 20/23 of them (87%) for disease progression. Three of 77 patients (3.8%) died within 7 days of the procedure (2 AS, 1 HAP). At CT or MR follow-up, responses > 50% were observed in 56% of the procedures and clinical CR was achieved in 53/77 patients (69%). In the subgroups classified by procedure, positive responses were observed in 56, 48, 59 and 78%, respectively for ASI, HAP, HPP and HLP. Clinical CR was observed in 67, 67, 71 and 78%, respectively. The death rate for disease progression relative to the overall death rate was 100, 86, 75 and 100%. Hematologic toxicity according to WHO criteria (mean: 2) was observed in 77% of the whole of procedures (59/77). Statistical analysis showed no relationship between morphological responses and type of antiblastic drug or previous antiblastic treatments. CONCLUSIONS: SF procedures permit the effective control of many advanced tumors which cannot be treated otherwise, with a high rate of positive morphological and of complete clinical responses. The best results were obtained in hypoxic perfusion of the lower limb. The results were not correlated with previous antiblastic treatments. However, the high rate of sequels and the low hematologic tolerance of those procedures must be emphasized.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1997

[Locoregional therapy with hypoxic liver perfusion in malignant neoplasms of the gallbladder. Preliminary experience].

PURPOSE: We report four cases of advanced malignant cancer of the gallbladder treated with hypoxic hepatic perfusion. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Hypoxic hepatic perfusion is currently used to treat diffuse hepatic metastases: the common hepatic artery is occluded with a balloon catheter and then a large amount of antiblastic solution is infused into the liver. Hypoxia and slow flow increase the effect of the drug on neoplastic tissue. Two sessions were performed in three patients with an interval ranging 2-4 months, while one patient underwent a single session. The drug was Mitomycin C, whose dose ranged 20-40 mg (mean: 30 mg). Blood filtration was performed after one of the six procedures only and can be considered unnecessary. RESULTS: Acute gastric bleeding appeared in a patient after the embolization of the right gastric artery with bucrylate during the first session performed to avoid drug reflux into gastric wall arteries. No other technical or clinical complications occurred. An objective morphological response (tumor necrosis or reduction in size > 50%) was observed in all patients after the first session. CT findings were stable in two of three patients submitted to a second session, while local progression was observed in the other patient. Complete clinical response was achieved in all symptomatic patients. No WHO toxicity was observed. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: The rate of positive morphological and/or clinical responses after hypoxic perfusion was very high in our experience, even though our series was small. Recurrences were found in two patients some months later, which suggests the need of long-term follow-up. Hypoxic perfusion can be nevertheless considered as a new and interesting therapeutic approach for advanced malignant gallbladder cancer, with a strong short-term effect on the lesion and good results on clinical symptoms.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1997

[Symptoms, life habits and risk factors in Italian menopause women].

Authors report selected demographic, clinical and behavioral characteristics and symptoms of 2181 post-menopausal women enrolled in the CIOM study (collaborazione inter-ospedaliera per la menopausa) in the period 1990-1994. A computerized clinical record was used which was filled by gynecologist during the first and subsequent visits. The study allows to better understand some epidemiological aspects of menopause in comparison with other national and international surveys. The results support the need of educational interventions, both for women and medical doctors, to promote healthy lifestyle and the use of hormonal replacement therapy to alleviate symptoms and to prevent post-menopausal diseases.

Body Mass Index↗

PubMed1997

[Patterns of use of hormone replacement therapy in 2 Italian populations].

We analysed the pattern of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) use, over the period 1990-92, in a random sample of 76,537 women (45-74 years old) resident in the province of Rome, and in 1994 among all women (45-74 years old) resident in the Umbria region; data were collected through the regional drug prescription monitoring systems. During the three-year period an estimated 3.8% of women were prescribed HRT, among these 42% received estrogen with concomitant progestin therapy. The prevalence of use increased from 1.5% in 1990 to 2.2% in 1992 mainly because of an increased use of skin patches. In the Umbria region, out of the 166,112 women, 2.1% received at least one estrogen prescription. The prevalence of use increased in younger age classes but is almost unchanged over the sixties.

Aged↗

PubMed1997

[Prevention of cardiovascular risk in menopause women: role of ovarian hormones].

Women receiving estrogen replacement therapy after menopause have a reduced risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular mortality when compared to untreated controls. Estrogens are thought to protect women primarily through an effect on lipid metabolism. However estrogen-induced increase of HDL-cholesterol and decrease of total and LDL-cholesterol appear to account only in part for the protective effect of ovarian hormones. Direct effects of estrogens on the arterial wall appear to contribute to the over-all cardiovascular benefits.

Cardiovascular Diseases↗

PubMed1996

BRCA1 germline mutational spectrum in Italian families from Tuscany: a high frequency of novel mutations.

BRCA1 germline mutations confer susceptibility to familial breast and ovarian cancer. Mutational hot spots have never been detected in BRCA1 cDNA. Some mutations have been reported several times whereas some others appear to be population-related. In this study a group of 36 Italian families were analysed for BRCA1 germline mutations. All of them were screened by allele-specific oligonucleotide hybridization (ASO) for three recurrent mutations (185delAG, 5382insC, nt332-T>G). Twenty families, selected because of their high risk of carrying BRCA1 mutations, were subjected to analysis of the entire coding sequence of the gene. A total of eight mutations were found. ASO screening demonstrated only one known mutation in one patient, whereas cycle sequencing revealed five new mutations. Three of these new mutations were frameshifts: one occurred in exon 11 (1499insA), one in exon 16 (4873delCA) and one in the splice site of exon 3 (252delAAgt). Two were missense mutations (Cys64Arg; Asn158Tyr). The same frameshift mutation, 1499insA, was detected in three unrelated families. Haplotype analysis supported the hypothesis that two of these families may have had common ancestors, whereas in the third family the analysis was uninformative. BRCA1 germline mutations were found in one out of two families with ovarian cancer, in five out of eight families with breast-ovarian cancer, and in two out of 11 families with breast cancer. All three families with 1499insA mutations included at least one case of ovarian cancer. The majority of the ovarian cancers (4/5) associated with detectable BRCA1 germline mutations were of serous histotype.

Adult↗

PubMed1996

Evaluation by polymerase chain reaction of cytomegalovirus reactivation in intensive care patients under mechanical ventilation.

OBJECTIVE: The study was undertaken to determine if critically ill patients under mechanical ventilation could reactivate latent cytomegalovirus (CMV) in either lung or blood. DESIGN: Prospective study in critically ill patients was performed in a multidisciplinary intensive care unit in a university hospital. PATIENTS: 23 non-immunocompromised, mechanically ventilated patients who were anti-CMV immunoglobulin G-positive. Ten immunocompromised patients with active CMV infection and 16 asymptomatic CMV seropositive non-immunocompromised patients constituted the positive and negative control groups. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: The presence of CMV in blood and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was evaluated by both viral cultures and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Thirty-seven blood and 22 BAL samples were investigated. Sequential samples were evaluated in 8 patients. For PCR, a 290 bp fragment in the first exon of the immediate early 1 gene was amplified. In order to exclude inhibitors of PCR amplification, a 268 bp fragment of the beta-globin gene was concurrently amplified in all samples. Viral cultures of blood and BAL were negative in all 23 non-immunocompromised, mechanically ventilated patients. Moreover, no CMV DNA could be amplified in blood BAL samples, whereas a beta-globin amplification was observed in all samples. CONCLUSION: In a series of 23 critically ill patients under mechanical ventilation who were seropositive for CMV, no reactivation of CMV in blood or lung was demonstrated.

Adult↗

PubMed1996

Clinical and hormonal effects of ethinylestradiol combined with gestodene and desogestrel in young women with acne vulgaris.

The effect of gestodene 75 micrograms (GTD) versus desogestrel 150 micrograms (DSG) combined with 30 micrograms of ethinylestradiol (EE) on acne lesions and plasma androstenedione (A), total testosterone (T), sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) and "free androgen index" (FAI) was evaluated in an open study on 19 patients aged 18-35 years affected with postpubertal or persistent non-severe acne vulgaris. The patients were randomly allocated into two groups receiving EE-GTD (n = 8) and EE-DSG (n = 11), 21 tablets per cycle for 9 consecutive cycles. Clinical and hormonal evaluations were made between days 17-21 in the cycle before treatment and between days 17-21 of the cycle 3, 6 and 9 of treatment. During treatment, acne improved in most patients, reaching at cycle 9 a low score (absent or minimal) in 62% of the cases in the GTD group (mean acne score = 1.25) and in 90% of the cases in the DSG group (mean acne score = 0.90). Before treatment, about 75% of the patients showed one or more signs of biochemical hyperandrogenism, including elevated FAI (57%), elevated A (15%), elevated total T (15%) and decreased SHBG (21%), and there was evidence of inverse correlation between SHBG and acne scores (p < 0.05). The echogenic texture of the ovaries was multifollicular in 55% of the cases. By the end of the third cycle of treatment, the hormonal changes observed in both groups included significant decreases, with normalization of individual elevated levels of T, and a 3-fold rise of the initial values of plasma SHBG, which showed a further gradual increase at cycle 9 of EE-DSG administration. At cycle 9, normalization of the echogenic ovarian texture was observed. Acne improvement under treatments with estrogen and progestin (EP) could be significantly correlated with the normalization of biochemical hyperandrogenism. In conclusion, the biochemical and clinical efficacy of EE-GTD and EE-DSG indicate that both these preparations can be a good choice in the therapy of acne vulgaris, with a non-significant better clinical result with EE-DSG.

Acne Vulgaris↗

PubMed1996

Codon 12 Ki-ras mutation in non-small-cell lung cancer: comparative evaluation in tumoural and non-tumoural lung.

Ki-ras activation by point mutation on codon 12 has been reported in non-small-cell lung carcinomas and in various models of experimental lung tumours induced by chemical carcinogens. The cellular targets for carcinogenic compounds of tobacco smoke are usually considered to be the cells of the bronchial mucosa or alveolar epithelium. However, little is known about preneoplastic events in bronchopulmonary carcinogenesis. The hypothesis of the presence of widespread target cells containing Ki-ras mutation was investigated by evaluating concurrent neoplastic and non-neoplastic bronchial and alveolar samples from 51 patients with non-small-cell lung carcinomas. The polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method used can detect one cell with a mutation on codon 12 among 10(2) normal cells. In tumour samples, a mutation was detected in 20% of adenocarcinomas, but in none of the adenosquamous or squamous cell carcinomas. No mutation was detected in the non-neoplastic bronchial or parenchymal samples. When using an enriched PCR-RFLP method detecting one mutated allele among 10(3) normal alleles a mutation was detected in 23% of adenocarcinomas. In conclusion, Ki-ras activation by mutation on codon 12 was not observed in non-neoplastic bronchial or parenchymal tissues in patients with bronchopulmonary cancers and does not appear to be a genetic event present in non-malignant epithelial target cells exposed to tobacco smoke.

Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung↗

PubMed1996

Treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma with constant-rate floxuridine infusion plus recombinant alpha 2b-interferon.

BACKGROUND: Floxuridine (FUDR) and alpha-interferon (IFN) are active agents in advanced renal cell carcinoma, with different dose-limiting toxic effects and antitumor synergism in experimental models. The main purpose of this phase II study was to assess the activity and toxic effects of a combination of FUDR and alpha 2b-IFN in metastatic renal cell carcinoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients with measurable disease entered the study. FUDR was administered as a constant-rate continuous infusion for 14 days every 28 days at a starting daily dose of 0.1 mg/kg and with dose escalations of 0.025 mg/kg/day at each subsequent cycle if WHO > or = 2 toxicity had not occurred. IFN-alpha 2b 10 x 10(6) I.U. was administered intramuscularly 3 times per week. RESULTS: Forty-two patients entered the study and a total of 272 cycles of FUDR + alpha 2b-IFN were administered. In 41 evaluable patients WHO grade III-IV toxic effects included nausea and vomiting (22%), diarrhea (32%), stomatitis (12%), fatigue (27%) and anorexia (12%). It was possible to increase the initial FUDR does in 21 (50%) patients; the median FUDR dose intensity was 0.35 mg/kg/week (range 0.18-0.54). Among 39 evaluable patients, 3 (7.5%) complete and 10 (25.5%) partial responses were observed (response rate 33%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 19%-50%) which lasted a median of 13 months (5.5-40+). Responses also occurred in liver (2), in patients pretreated with systemic therapy (5) and in patients who had other unfavourable prognostic characteristics (7). Median progression-free and survival times were 9 and 16 months, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: In this study FUDR + alpha 2b-IFN demonstrated interesting activity in metastatic renal cell carcinoma, showing promise also in patients with unfavourable prognostic characteristics. The antitumor activity of FUDR and alpha 2b-IFN seems to be cumulative, but cumulative toxicity is also observed. These results require confirmation in randomised trials.

Adult↗

PubMed1996

Phase II study of oral doxifluridine in elderly patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer.

Elderly patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are usually excluded from most clinical trials because of the toxicity associated with chemotherapy. About 50% of the new cases of lung cancer occur in patients older than 65 years. Doxifluridine is a fluoropyrimidine derivate which can be administered orally with very low toxicities. This phase II study evaluates the toxicity and activity of a home therapy with oral doxifluridine in elderly advanced NSCLC patients. Thirty-three advanced NSCLC patients, aged 70 years or more, entered the study; median ECOG performance status was 1 (0-2) and 22 patients (66.6%) had metastatic disease. Doxifluridine was given orally in three divided doses, for a total daily dose of 2,250 mg, for 4 consecutive days every week. The treatment was well tolerated; five patients (15%) experienced a grade 3 diarrhea which required doxifluridine dose reduction to 1,500 mg daily. Thirty-one patients are evaluable for response; four partial responses (12.9%) have been observed (95% confidence limit interval 3.6-29.8%); 17 patients (54.8%) had a stabilization of the disease. This study demonstrates that a home therapy with oral doxifluridine in elderly NSCLC patients is feasible and well tolerated and should encourage further studies.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMed1996

The pertussis toxin liberation genes of Bordetella pertussis are transcriptionally linked to the pertussis toxin operon.

The DNA sequence of the pertussis toxin operon (ptx) of Bordetella pertussis predicts that transcription of the operon ends downstream from the ptxS3 gene at a possible stem-loop structure. Secretion of the assembled pertussis toxin into the culture medium required the expression of 8 genes arranged in an operon (ptl) and lying 55 bp downstream from the ptx and ptl operons are cotranscribed and coregulated by the P(TOX) promoter. Deletion of the 55-bp DNA region caused an increase in the amount of the ptl transcripts. It is likely that this DNA region is involved in regulation of the ptx-pti expression.

Base Sequence↗

PubMed1996

Conjugative transposon Tn916: evidence for excision with formation of 5'-protruding termini.

Conjugative transposons are genetic elements able to promote their own intracellular transposition and intercellular conjugal transfer. They move by an excision-integration system related to that of lambdoid phages, in which the first step is the excision of the transposon from the donor replicon to form a covalently closed circular intermediate which contains a heteroduplex joint. In this work, sequencing both strands of the circular intermediate heteroduplex joint, it was found that, as during lambda phage excision, Tn916 excises from the host DNA by 5'-protruding staggered endonucleolytic cleavages.

Bacteriophage lambda↗

PubMed1996

Biochemical modulation by 5-fluorouracil and 1-folinic acid of tumor uptake of intra-arterial 5-[123I]iodo-2'deoxyuridine in patients with liver metastases from colorectal cancer.

In previous studies we demonstrated a high tumor-targeting value of the 123I-labeled thymidine analogue 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine (IUdR) infused intra-arterially in patients with liver metastases from colorectal cancer. In the present study we have explored the possibility of enhancing tumor uptake of [123I]IUdR, by biochemical modulation with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and 1-folinic acid (FA), a drug combination known to inhibit thymidylate synthetase in tumor cells. The investigation was carried out employing diagnostic imaging doses of [123I]IUdR, much lower than possible therapeutic levels. In the baseline study, [123I]IUdR was infused into the hepatic artery of patients with inoperable liver metastases from colorectal cancer, and a second infusion was performed one week later, after intra-arterial administration of 5-FU and FA. The effect was evaluated by comparing tumor uptake of [123I]IUdR in the second study with that of the baseline study. The average tumor uptake immediately after [123I]IUdR infusion was 9.1% ID in the baseline study, increasing to 14.9% ID after pretreatment with 5-FU and FA. The average enhancement in early tumor uptake of [123I]IUdR induced by biochemical modulation was 72%. This enhancement was sustained at 18 and 42 hours after infusion (stable uptake). The results encourage the pretreatment of patients with 5-FU and FA prior to radioiodinated IUdR administration and suggest its inclusion in therapeutic protocols employing IUdR labeled with 123I or 125I as a source of highly cytotoxic Auger electrons.

Aged↗

PubMed1996

Tumor targeting by intra-arterial infusion of 5-[123I]iodo-2'-deoxyuridine in patients with liver metastases from colorectal cancer.

UNLABELLED: We previously showed the tumor-targeting potential of the 125I-labeled thymidine analog 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine (IUdR) injected intratumorally in patients with high tumor-cell kinetics. In this study, we evaluated the tumor incorporation of [123I]IUdR infused intra-arterially in patients with liver metastases from colorectal cancer. METHODS: Iodine-123-IUdR (110-300 MBq, 3-8 mCi, specific activity, 150-200 Ci/mumole) was infused into the hepatic artery of 16 patients with inoperable liver metastases over 30-45 min through a permanent intra-arterial catheter. A dynamic sequence during infusion, spot images, whole-body scans and SPECT acquisitions were recorded up to 42 hr. Blood and urine samples were obtained for biodistribution and HPLC analyses. RESULTS: In the 14 patients with adequate tumor perfusion patterns, tumor uptake reached 2%-17.6% ID at the end of infusion. After a washout phase that lasted 18-20 hr, incorporated radioactivity remained steadily associated with the tumor lesions until at least 42 hr after infusion (about 1.4%-11.1% ID). HPLC analysis indicated a virtually 100% first-pass hepatic deiodination of unincorporated [123I]IUdR (about 80%-95% ID recovered in the 42-hr urine). No significant uptake was detected in the bone marrow or in other normal dividing tissues. CONCLUSION: These results encourage further studies to enable dosimetric estimates, optimization of dose regimens, and examination of the therapeutic potential of Auger-electron-emitter-labeled IUdR in cancer therapy utilizing this type of approach.

Aged↗