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Biomedical subjects

S Reynolds

Publications and source records attributed to S Reynolds.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Localization of copper-zinc superoxide dismutase in the endocrine pancreas.

Immunoelectron microscopy and cellular fractionation on sucrose density gradients have been used to examine the intracellular distribution of copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the canine and rat endocrine pancreas. Using rabbit anti-canine copper-zinc SOD as the primary antiserum, immunostaining in canine beta and non-beta islet cells was significantly greater than that in serial sections of the same islet incubated with preimmune serum from the same rabbit. Within the cells, immunostaining was associated with spherical and crystalloid granules as well as with the cytoplasm. Radioimmune assays of cellular fractions or rat islet-cell preparations showed that the granule-rich fraction containing large amounts of insulin was also rich in SOD. This interesting observation of association of SOD with hormone-containing granules suggests that SOD may play a role in protecting these oxidation-sensitive proteins.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Quantitative analysis of postmortem changes in myocardial norepinephrine using HPLC with electrochemical detection.

Myocardial adrenergic function may be important in the pathophysiology of many cardiac abnormalities, and quantitative analysis of catecholamines in cardiac tissue can provide insight in the role of adrenergic neurons in specific disorders. Our purpose was to determine the stability of myocardial catecholamines postmortem to assess the validity of using postmortem samples to represent premorbid conditions and to provide information applicable to proper handling of biopsy specimens. Serial myocardial samples were obtained postmortem in rats and dogs for which norepinephrine and dopamine levels were analyzed using high-pressure liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. No significant differences in catecholamine content were found between samples taken immediately after death and those taken 15 minutes later. Thereafter, a progressive decline in catecholamines was observed. We conclude that biopsy or postmortem samples frozen within 15 minutes of death will accurately reflect premortem catecholamine values.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Morphogenesis of the amphibian limb blastema: the relationship between pattern and form.

A relationship between pattern formation and field shape is established following the formation of rounded blastemas on lower arm limb stumps after treatment with vitamin A. Pattern formation is not affected by alteration in blastemal shape caused by removal of the dermis from the thigh region of the leg. We conclude, therefore, that blastemal shape does not play a causal role in establishing limb pattern. Data relating the number of cells present between the cardinal axial poles of blastemas and the size of blastemas is discussed in terms of short are intercalation and short range cell-cell interactions during pattern regulation.

Ambystoma↗
PubMed1983

The form and structure of supernumerary hindlimbs formed following skin grafting and nerve deviation in the newt Triturus cristatus.

The results of a series of skin grafting experiments performed on the hindlimb of the newt Triturus cristatus are described. In an attempt to limit the position of origin and the complexity of supernumerary limb outgrowths four experimental features were varied. These were 1) size of skin grafts; 2) their position of origin; 3) the position to which they were grafted; and 4) the presence or absence of nerves of two different sizes at the graft site. The degree of distal outgrowth and the pattern of the supernumerary structures in the anterior to posterior and dorsal to ventral axes were assessed. The results are discussed in terms of the control of pattern regulation in localized populations of limb blastema cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

OPEC otitis.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Plasma sialyl transferase total and isoenzyme activity in the diagnosis of cancer of the colon.

Total plasma sialyltransferase (ST) activity was elevated in patients with colonic adenocarcinoma; the incidence of abnormal values ranged from 33% in patients with no evidence of metastases (T2N0M0) to 86% in patients with advanced metastatic disease (T2-5N1M1). Isoenzyme analysis revealed that normal serum contains a major band (ST2) probably derived from red cells, and a minor band (ST1) thought to be derived from platelets. An additional band, designated STN, intermediate in mobility between the two other bands, was found in patients with colonic adenocarcinoma, ranging in incidence from 50% to 86% in patients free of metastases and those with widespread metastases. Histological studies suggested that this abnormal isoenzyme was more likely to occur in the serum of patients whose tumor was well differentiated.

Clinical Enzyme Tests↗
PubMed1979

Prevalence of speech and hearing impairment noninstitutionalized mentally retarded adults.

The prevalence of speech and hearing impairment was examinated in a sample of 518 mentally retarded persons currently residing in community residential facilities. The prevalence of speech impairment was found to be approximately 51 percent, while hearing impairment was found in about 15 percent of the sample. Prevalence figures were further delineated by level of mental retardation. Speech impairment showed a moderate correlation with measures of intelligence and personal competence. The results of this study support the need of this population for speech and hearing services.

Correction of Hearing Impairment↗
PubMed1977

Contragestational agents. 1. Steroidal O-aryloximes.

The preparation of a series of O-aryloximes of various steroids by two different routes is described. These compounds were prepared by reacting a keto steroid with a substituted O-arylhydroxylamine in the presence of an acid catalyst or, alternatively, by the reaction of a steroidal oxime with a substituted aryl halide in the presence of a suitable base. These compounds were examined for their ability to interrupt postimplantive gestation in female rats. The most significant contragestational activity was seen with compounds in which the basic steroid structure was a 5alpha-androstane and the 3-oxime was of the p-nitrophenyl series. One of the most active compounds in the series (16) was shown to have the ability to terminate pregnancy, when orally administered to rats at 2.5 mg/kg on days 9-12 of gestation. This compound was found to be devoid of androgenic activity at this dose level.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Uterine protein synthesis during the early stages of pregnancy in the rat.

The synthesis of uterine-soluble proteins during early pregnancy in the rat has been examined by means of dual-isotope labelling techniques and subsequent electrophoretic analysis. A protein of similar electrophoretic mobility to the uterine oestrogen-induced protein was observed, and synthesis of this 'presumptive induced protein' was maximal on Day 4 and Day 6 of pregnancy but low on day 5. Pregnancy associated protein synthesis was observed in many regions on polyacrylamide gels, including the beta-lipoprotein, alpha2-macroglobulin, post-transferrin and albumin regions. Synthesis of the post-transferrin species rapidly increased from Day 4 to reach a maximum on Day 6 in the implantation tissue. The temporal pattern of synthesis of post-transferrin protein and and of 'presumptive induced region' suggests involvement in the processes of cell proliferation and decidualization.

Albumins↗
PubMed1976

The isolation of an infectious A protein--RNA complex from coliphage R17.

The coprecipitate of A protein and RNA which results from acetic acid treatment of bacteriophage R17 has been shown to form two bands after equilibrium density gradient centrifugation in Cs2SO4. The band of higher density, whose position coincides with that of phage RNA prepared by phenolisation possesses neither A protein nor infectivity while the band of lower density which contains both RNA and A protein is infectious for intact E. coli cells. The nature of the bonding between the A protein and the RNA was also investigated.

Centrifugation, Density Gradient↗
PubMed1975

A factor-analytic examination of sexual behaviors and attitudes and marihuana usage.

A questionnaire that pertains to sexual attitudes and behaviors, family relationships, and marihuana usage was administered to 358 undergraduates at Wichita State University. A factor analysis performed upon the results yielded 12 factors related to sexual behavior: (1) Liberal vs. Conservative Attitudes; (2) Age-Experience; (3) Symbolic Sexual Preoccupation; (4) Romantic Love vs. Cynicism; (5) Experience-linked Drug Effects; (6) Affectual Dependence; (7) Mature Satisfaction; (8) Conservative vs. Liberal Sexual Practices; (9) High vs. Low Sexual Activity; (10) Sexual Revolution; (11) Sex; (12) Traditional vs. Cynical Love Roles.

Adult↗
PubMed1973

Effect of racephenicol on antibiotic resistance of lactose-fermenting enteric bacteria in chickens.

The incidence of lactose-fermenting enteric organisms resistant to chloramphenicol increased from less than 0.1% prior to treatment to more than 90% in two groups of chickens fed racephenicol-supplemented feed at 50 or 140 g/ton for 10 days, whereas controls remained unchanged. A concurrent increase in the incidence of organisms resistant to dihydrostreptomycin, oxytetracycline, ampicillin, and sulfonamides also occurred. Minimum inhibitory concentrations for chloramphenicol increased from <10 mug/ml to >300 mug/ml in most Escherichia coli isolates in response to treatment. The observed resistance was transferable to E. coli and Salmonella.

Acetamides↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dynamic Recovery: comparative study of therapeutic communities in homeless shelters for men.

The Dynamic Recovery Project examined relationships between homelessness, substance abuse, and recovery, and investigated the effectiveness of the therapeutic community (TC) treatment model in helping homeless drug users move toward stable, drug-free living. This project compared two short-term TCs that were situated within pre-existing homeless shelters with a clean and sober dormitory. In a separate condition, peer counselors and staff were provided additional training in TC philosophy and practice to reduce program dropout. Dramatic decreases in drug and alcohol use at follow-up were verified by urinalysis. Length of time in treatment rather than specific program accounted for decreased alcohol and drug use. Important decreases in posttreatment criminality for both treatment programs were documented. The comparison group, starting with low criminality, experienced smaller, nonsignificant decreases unrelated to type of program or time in treatment. Major declines in Beck Depression Scores were evident, but were unrelated to groups or time in treatment. Training had no measurable impact on client retention or outcomes and there were no significant differences between TCs and the comparison group on posttreatment drug use, criminality, or depression. This report documents that short-term therapeutic communities can be successfully implemented in public shelters for homeless men.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The structural identification of a secondary dye produced from the reaction between sunset yellow and sodium metabisulphite.

The stability of sunset yellow FCF (E110) was investigated in a model soft drinks system, with and without the addition of sodium metabisulphite. The rate of dye degradation was monitored by spectrophotometry and HPLC. In samples containing both sunset yellow and sodium metabisulphite, the formation of a lemon-yellow-coloured compound was clearly demonstrated. Isolation and subsequent analysis by NMR and FAB-MS showed the structure of the compound to be that resulting from sulphonation at carbon 4 of the sunset yellow molecule. Examination of a stored commercial soft drinks sample indicated the presence of the same lemon-yellow compound.

Azo Compounds↗