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S Renaud

Publications and source records attributed to S Renaud.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Influence of dietary fats on atherosclerosis, coagulation and platelet phospholipids in rabbits.

SUMMARY: Male rabbits were fed for six months diets comprising cholesterol (0.1%) and either butter alone (10%) or butter (5%) plus cacao butter, coconut oil, olive oil, or corn oil (4.5%). These fats could be classified according to their atherogenicity as follows, in decreasing order: butter, olive oil, coconut oil, cacao butter, and corn oil. The severity of the atherosclerotic lesions was correlated with the plasma cholesterol. By contrast, concerning their effect on the recalcification plasma (platelet-rich) clotting time (PCT), These fats could be classified in the following way: cacao butter, butter,, coconut oil, olive oil and corn oil. The values of the PCT were significantly correlated with the ratio stearic/linoleic acid in the dietary fats, the clotting activity and the fatty acid composition of the platelet phospholipid fractions examined (phosphatidyl serine plus phosphatidyl inositol), but not with the concentration of these fractions in platelets. Butter was the only fat able to induce severe alterations at the same time in coagulation (presumably through an increase in the activity of certain platelet phospholipids), lipemia and arterial wall morphology.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Platelet functions and fatty acid composition of platelet phospholipids in spontaneously hypertensive rats fed saturated or polyunsaturated fats.

Spontaneously hypertensive rats (Okamoto-Wistar) as compared to their normotensive controls (Kyoto-Wistar) presented a markedly higher platelet activity both in coagulation (as evaluated by the recalcification plasma clotting time of platelet-rich plasma) and aggregation, as triggered by thrombin. By comparing animals fed saturated or polyunsaturated fat, it could be observed that the saturated fat diet induced similar results on platelet functions to these observed in hypertension. In addition, the saturated fat diet further increased the platelet response of the hypertensive animals. By contrast, the polyunsaturated fat, could neither reduce the hypertension nor completely abolish the platelet reactivity associated with the hypertension. The most significant change induced by the saturated fat diet in the fatty acid composition of the platelet phospholipids was an increase in 20:3 omega 9, further enhanced in the hypertensive animals. In the polyunsaturated diet-fed rats, it was mostly 20:4 which was more elevated in the platelet phospholipids of the hypertensive. As a result, it was the sum of 20:3 omega 9 + 20:4 in the platelet phospholipids, which appeared to be the most significantly related, in the 4 groups of animals, to the response of platelets to thrombin induced aggregation.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Exploring cognitive complaints in schizophrenia: the subjective scale to investigate cognition in schizophrenia.

While it has become commonplace to test the various components of memory in schizophrenia with paper-and-pencil or in-lab tasks, very little data exist on the subjective complaints of patients regarding their memory. Few instruments have been designed to collect systematically the complaints of patients with schizophrenia. We present a work in progress on the Subjective Scale to Investigate Cognition in Schizophrenia (SSTICS), a 21-item, Likert-type scale that is simple and easy to use. It allows a quantitative approach to the subjective and cognitive dimensions of schizophrenia. Stip constructed the scale based on a questionnaire covering several cognitive domains: memory (working memory, explicit long-term memory), attention (divided, distractibility, alertness, sustained), language, and praxia. We evaluated the psychometric properties of the SSTICS in a population of 114 French-speaking patients in Montreal. Patients were recruited in the community and assessed with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R (SCID), the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), and the Extrapyramidal Symptoms Rating Scale (ESRS). Cognition was measured using the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) (long-term memory), Controlled Oral Word Association Test (verbal fluency), and Trails A and B. Preliminary analyses showed very good internal consistency for the global score (alpha=0.88), and alphas varying from 0.57 to 0.72 for the subscales. Stability over time was very good. The principal components analysis accounted for a multiple structure. Correlations between subjective scores and objective cognitive assessment were significant for several domains. Validation of the SSTICS needs to be completed through further exploration of the factorial structure and testing of the English version.

Adult↗