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Biomedical subjects

S Reese

Publications and source records attributed to S Reese.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

How structures in bovine hoof epidermis are influenced by nutritional factors.

The structure of the hoof epidermis is the link between nutrition and horn quality. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the relationship of single structures in the process of keratinization and cornification of bovine hoof epidermis to certain nutritional factors such as lipids, minerals and vitamins. Furthermore, we wanted to show the structural changes in the dyskeratotic epidermis caused by an insufficient supply of keratinizing epidermal cells. For our study we used samples of hoof epidermis from 25 dual-purpose dairy cattle, with ages ranging between 2.5 and 4 years. We also obtained a complete set of hooves from a biotin-deficient calf. All samples were investigated by light and transmission electron microscopy, using routine methods as well as histochemical and enzyme-histochemical techniques. We focused on epidermal structures that have a major influence on horn quality and are known to be related to single nutritional factors. The strength of the keratin filament bundles is determined by their cross-linking via sulphur-containing amino acids. Essential fatty acids are required for the synthesis of an intercellular cementing substance connecting the horn cells and establishing a permeability barrier in the stratum corneum. Minerals, in particular calcium, are essential for activation of enzymes that are a prerequisite for physiological keratinization and cornification. Furthermore, vitamins such as biotin are essential in the metabolism of the keratinizing epidermal cells.

Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena↗
PubMed1998

History of atmospheric lead deposition since 12,370 (14)C yr BP from a peat bog, jura mountains, switzerland

A continuous record of atmospheric lead since 12,370 carbon-14 years before the present (14C yr BP) is preserved in a Swiss peat bog. Enhanced fluxes caused by climate changes reached their maxima 10, 590 (14)C yr BP (Younger Dryas) and 8230 (14)C yr BP. Soil erosion caused by forest clearing and agricultural tillage increased lead deposition after 5320 (14)C yr BP. Increasing lead/scandium and decreasing lead-206/lead-207 beginning 3000 (14)C yr BP indicate the beginning of lead pollution from mining and smelting, and anthropogenic sources have dominated lead emissions ever since. The greatest lead flux (15.7 milligrams per square meter per year in A.D. 1979) was 1570 times the natural, background value (0.01 milligram per square meter per year from 8030 to 5320 (14)C yr BP).

Journal Article↗
PubMed1998

Pneumocystis carinii induces interleukin 6 production by an alveolar epithelial cell line.

BACKGROUND: Pneumocystis carinii (PC) infection often results in severe pneumonia in immunocompromised patients. Attachment of PC organisms to alveolar epithelial cells is a hallmark of PC pneumonia; however, few studies have investigated the response of alveolar epithelial cells to PC infection. METHODS: Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is a multifunctional cytokine that is produced by alveolar epithelial cells in response to a variety of stimuli. Our investigation was undertaken to determine whether PC organisms induce production of IL-6 by alveolar epithelial cells and to determine the effect of IL-6 on PC attachment. RESULTS: Incubation of the human alveolar epithelial cell line, A549, with PC organisms resulted in a significant increase in IL-6 secreted into the cell culture media. Time-course studies showed that IL-6 production was detected as soon as 2 h after addition of PC and continued up to 48 h of exposure. Further studies demonstrated that preincubation of A549 cells with IL-6 resulted in a concentration-dependent increase in both A549 cell production of fibronectin and PC attachment. CONCLUSION: Thus, PC attachment to an alveolar epithelial cell line results in epithelial cell production of IL-6, which can act to further increase PC attachment. This may provide an important mechanism whereby PC organisms directly affect the host response to PC infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

The sweet sound of success.

Accommodating workers with disabilities doesn't have to be daunting, this entrepreneur cum cookie maker discovered. Gimmee Jimmy's recipe: A batch of ingenuity and a sprinkling of money.

Commerce↗