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Biomedical subjects

S Rathee

Publications and source records attributed to S Rathee.

35 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Postcaesarean wound infection: a review of risk factors.

In a prospective study of 431 cases delivered by caesarean section, wound infection developed in 54 (12.52%) cases. In 2.55% cases, infection was deep with drainage of purulent material. The factors associated with a high risk of wound infection were anaemia, multiple pelvic examinations, prolonged rupture of membranes and handling by dai. General ward cases had a significantly higher wound infection rate than the private ward cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

A special purpose x-ray fan-beam CT scanner for trabecular bone density measurement in the appendicular skeleton.

A special purpose x-ray CT scanner with the capability of scanning objects 75-220 mm in diameter with constant relative geometrical resolution has been developed. The data collection scheme for the scanner uses multiple rotations of a linearly shifted, asymmetric fan beam permitting user-defined variable resolution. Details of hardware and the calibration procedures for the scanner are described and the methods used to measure trabecular bone density (TBD) in the peripheral skeleton are outlined. The standard error of estimate (SEE) of a calibration line of pixel value as a function of K2HPO4 concentration was determined to be 0.07%. The short-term, in vivo precision of the TBD determination, by repeated measurements of a volunteer with repositioning between each measurement, was +/- 0.67% (coefficient of variation (CV] with a 50s scan time and a radiation dose of less than 20 mR per slice.

Bone Density↗
PubMed1990

Placental pathology in pre-eclampsia eclampsia syndrome.

Quantitative analysis of placental pathology was carried out on 20 placentae from various grades of pre-eclampsia eclampsia syndrome and 20 placentae from control group. Placental weights were lower in the study group. The gross abnormalities noted were the placental infarcts, retroplacental haematoma and calcification. The striking villous lesions observed in the study group were cytotrophoblastic cell proliferation, thickening of villous basement membrane and paucity of vasculosyncytial membrane and these findings correlated well with the severity of maternal disease. These vascular villous lesions were considered secondary to uteroplacental ischaemia.

Basement Membrane↗
PubMed1988

Effect of pregnancy on the lamina dura.

Serum chemistry studies and radiological examination of the lamina dura and phalanges were conducted in 50 pregnant women, 25 of whom had been administered calcium and vitamin D supplements during the 3rd trimester. The non-supplemented pregnant women showed significant hypocalcaemia, elevated serum heat-labile alkaline phosphatase activity, and resorption of the lamina dura. The supplemented group of pregnant women also showed resorption of the lamina dura, although the serum chemistry was essentially normal. It is suggested that, probably because of gestational hyperparathyroidism, mild resorption of the lamina dura may be a feature of normal pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Effect of calcium and vitamin D supplementation on toxaemia of pregnancy.

To study the effect of calcium and vitamin D supplementation on the incidence of toxaemia of pregnancy, 200 randomly selected pregnant women (supplemented group), were put on calcium (375 mg/day) and vitamin D (1,200 IU/day) supplements at 20-24 weeks of pregnancy onwards. Another 200 pregnant women constituted the non-supplemented group. At 32 and 36 weeks of pregnancy the systolic and diastolic blood pressure of non-toxemic women was significantly lower in the supplemented group than in the non-supplemented group. However, the incidence of toxaemia in the supplemented group (6%) was not significantly different from that in the non-supplemented group (9%).

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Urinary calcium excretion in pregnancy.

Urinary calcium excretion and creatinine clearance studies have been conducted in 50 women at 36 weeks of pregnancy and 50 normal controls. Of the pregnant women, 25 had been administered 600,000 IU vitamin D in the 24-26 weeks of pregnancy (supplemented group). The non-supplemented group showed significant hypocalcaemia (even after accounting for low plasma protein levels) and hypocalciuria, while the supplemented group showed normocalcaemia as well as significantly greater 24-hour urinary calcium excretion than the controls. 24-hour creatinine clearance was increased in both groups of pregnant women. It was concluded that, due to increased GFR, urinary calcium excretion tends to increase in pregnancy provided the subject is not deficient in vitamin D. Occurrence of hypocalciuria in pregnancy suggests vitamin D deficiency and should not be considered a physiological adaptation.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Concentrations of Calcium, inorganic phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase in the sera of lactating women in North India.

Serum calcium, inorganic phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase (SAP) have been determined in 75 lactating women and 25 controls. 25 lactating women were re-investigated after administration of calcium and vitamin D supplements of 1 month. Lactating women showed statistically significant hypocalcaemia and raised SAP. However, the elevation of the enzyme level was significantly lower in women with milk intakes of more than 1/2 litre per day and in those in later months of lactation. The effects of calcium and vitamin D supplementation supported a diagnosis of osteomalacia in a large percentage of lactating women.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Effects of vitamin D supplementation in pregnancy.

Serum calcium, inorganic phosphate and heat-labile alkaline phosphatase (HLAP) have been estimated in maternal and cord sera of 120 pregnant women at labour. 75 women who did not take any vitamin D supplements during pregnancy showed statistically significant hypocalcaemia, hypophosphataemia and elevation of HLAP. Hypocalcaemia and hypophosphataemia were present in cord blood, too. 25 women who had received 1,200 U vitamin D/day throughout the 3rd trimester, showed significantly lower HLAP levels and increased fetal birth weight but there was no other improvement in maternal or cord blood chemistry. Administration of vitamin D in two large doses of 600,000 U each in the 7th and 8th months of pregnancy in 20 women proved more efficacious. Statistically significant improvement was observed in all the three biochemical parameters in maternal as well as cord sera. Fetal birth weight was also significantly greater with this mode of therapy.

Birth Weight↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of sepsis screen for diagnosis of neonatal septicemia.

Fifty clinically suspected cases of neonatal septicemia were studied for evaluating the role of sepsis screen. Sensitivity and specificity of C-reactive protein test, micro-ESR, gastric aspirate cytology for polymorphs and toxic granules in neutrophils were studied singly and in combinations of two and three tests. Positive blood culture was obtained in only 20% cases, thereby underlying the need for a sepsis screen in the diagnosis of neonatal septicemia, especially in areas where adequate micro-biological facilities are lacking.

Bacteremia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An improved method for rebinning kernels from cylindrical to Cartesian coordinates.

This paper describes the errors in rebinning photon dose point spread functions and pencil beam kernels (PBKs) from cylindrical to Cartesian coordinates. An area overlap method, which assumes that the fractional energy deposited per unit volume remains constant within cylindrical voxels, provides large deviations (up to 20%) in rebinned Cartesian voxels while conserving the total energy. A modified area overlap method is presented that allows the fractional energy deposited per unit volume within cylindrical voxels to vary according to an interpolating function. This method rebins the kernels accurately in each Cartesian voxel while conserving the total energy. The dose distributions were computed for a partially blocked beam of uniform fluence using the Cartesian coordinate kernel and the kernels rebinned by both methods. The kernel rebinned by the modified area overlap method provided errors less than 1.7%, while the kernel rebinned by the area overlap method gave errors up to 4.4%.

Biophysical Phenomena↗