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Biomedical subjects

S Raptis

Publications and source records attributed to S Raptis.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Effect of somatostatin on bile-induced acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis in the dog.

In 21 female Beagle dogs an experimental pancreatitis was induced by injection of bile into the pancreatic duct system. Beside controls, dogs received 62.5 micrograms/h cyclic somatostatin (SRIF) a continuous i.v. infusion starting with a bolus of 250 micrograms 15 minutes before or 2 hours after bile injection. Following blood parameters were determined: lipase, amylase, blood count, minerals, glucose, insulin, gastrin, secretin and CCK. Two controls died within 24 hours, the others were sacrificed after 48 hours. All pancreata were examined morephologically. The controls developed all clinical signs of acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis, whereas all SRIF-treated dogs were in much better general condition. Lipase and amylase increased in all groups. In the controls insulin, gastrin and secretin remained unchanged and CCK rose slightly. SRIF-treatment diminished insulin, CCK and the test meal-induced increase of secretin. At autopsy the pancreata of the controls were nearly entirely apoplectic. The SRIF-treated dogs showed less damage of the pancreas and no severe hemorrhagic necrosis was noted. The beneficial effect of SRIF cannot only be due to an interaction with intestinal hormones. An additional direct protective effect on the exocrine parenchyma is proposed to exist.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1979

The use of artificial beta cell in diagnosis and treatment of insulinoma.

The glucose-controlled insulin infusion system (GCIIS), the socalled artificial beta-cell, is an important and useful device for detecting and treating hypoglycemic reactions. The dangers of several diagnostic tests such as the tolbutamide or the insulin response test may successfully be avoided. Patients suffering from severe hypoglycemia are kept in normoglycemia by the feedback-controlled dextrose infusion before and during operation.

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗
PubMed1978

[A field study with the combination of Pindolol and Clopamid in antihpertensive therapy (author's transl)].

In a field study comprising 678 patients with arterial hypertension efficacy and tolerance of the stable combination VKB 105 consisting of 10 mg Pindolol (Visken) and 5 mg Clopamid (Brinaldix) were investigated. Treatment with 1--2 tablets of VKB per day resulted in a successful therapy in 94% of all patients corresponding on the average to a reduction in blood pressure to 145/85 mm Hg within 14 days. In mean arterial pressures ranging between 120 and 170 mm Hg a positive linear relationship between the individual initial value and the hypotensive effect of the combination could be observed. A controlled omission trial disclosed qualitatively the respective contribution to the effect of the two components Pindolol and Clopamid. With a systematic case control of the serum potassium under the combined therapy with VKB 105 and during a monotherapy with Clopamid and antihypokalaemic effect of Pindolol could be demonstrated diminishing the tendency for potassium loss. The result revealed a far-reaching potassium neutrality of diuresis-depending stimulation of renin by the beta-receptor blocker. In 61 patients altogether subjective side-effects could be recorded, such as vertigo (5%), palpitations (2.8%), fatigue (2%), insomina (1.9%), nausea (1.7%) and vomiting (0.8%). Laboratory controls gave no indication for clinically relevant changes.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1978

[A new method for determination of cadmium in plasma (author's transl)].

Cadmium can be isolated from plasma by formation of negative charged iodide complexes bound to an anion exchange resin. Elution from the resin gives a cadmium solution with only a few interfering substances in an uniform matrix. Thus an undisturbed determination by flameless atomic absorption spectrometry is achieved. The mean of the natural cadmium level found in plasma was 1.9 +/- 0.8 ng/ml, within the normal range between 1.1 and 3.3 ng/ml.

Anion Exchange Resins↗
PubMed1977

[Insulin treatment of decompensated diabetes mellitus with a new artificial endocrine pancreas (author's transl)].

During the past decades insulin has been given in relatively high doses when treating diabetic coma. Recently low-dose insulin treatment has been proposed by several groups. In the reported investigation insulin was initially given in moderate to high doses (12-200 U/h) with a steady reduction in dose during the course of treatment. Insulin infusion was regulated either manually with an adjustable infusion pump (7 patients) or automatically with an artificial endocrine pancreas (glucose-controlled insulin infusion system; 11 patients). Thus 18 patients with decompensated diabetes mellitus (coma or precoma) were treated. In 14 patients with ketoacidotic decompensation laboratory data on hospital admission were: blood glucose 7.35 +/- 0.61 g/l, serum potassium 4.7 +/- 0.4 mmol/l, pH 7.1 +/- 0.04, base excess - 19,7 +/- 2.2 mmol/l (x +/- SEM). The other patients had hyperglycaemic or hyperosmolar non-ketotic decompensation. In all patients controlled reduction of blood glucose levels was achieved within 2.3 to 18 hours. The amounts of insulin infused during this ranged from 17 to 320 units, but in one instance was 1950 units. There were no complications.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Estimation of cholecystokinin-pancreozymin (CCK) in human plasma and tissue by a specific radioimmunoassay and the immunohistochemical identification of pancreozymin-producing cells in the duodenum of humans.

A reliable, sensitive, reproducible and specific radioimmunoassay for cholecystokinin-pancreozymin (CCK) has been developed, using rabbit antisera to highly purified porcine hormone. The natural occurring variant of CCK (39-CCK), in which the ordinary CCK is lengthened from its N-terminus by a hexapeptide, labelled with 125J, and repurified by column chromatography on Sephadex G-10 and on SP-Sephadex C-25, was used as tracer. Separation from antibody-bound labelled 39-CCK was carried out using a double antibody procedure. Non-specific interference with the assay system was abolished by ethanol extractions. Highly purified porcine CCK was used as standard. No significant crossreaction was found with gastrin, motilin, vasoactive polypeptide (VIP), gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP), natural and synthetic secretin, pancreatic glucagon or insulin. The sensitivity of the assay is approximately 40 pg/ml of test solution. The mean immunoreactive CCK concentration in 45 fasting normal subjects was 222 pg/ml increasing after food ingestion to 480 pg/ml. Somatostatin was able to abolish the stimulated CCK release. Elevated CCK concentrations were found in chronic pancreatitis. Immunohistochemical identification of pancreozymin cells was carried out either in surgical samples or in biopsy material. Approximately 1650 CCK cells per cross-section in the duodenum of humans have been found. The CCK cells usually appeared elongated, oval or pyramidal in shape and were observed to reach the lumen with their apical cell pole.

Animals↗