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Biomedical subjects

S Raju

Publications and source records attributed to S Raju.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Vitamin A does not alter immunosuppressive properties of simultaneously administered steroids.

The use of immunosuppressive steroids in transplant patients is associated with complications of wound healing and increased peptic ulceration. Vitamin A is known to reverse ill effects of steroids on wound healing and peptic ulcerogenesis; however, its effects on the immunologic properties of steroids are less well defined. The effect of vitamin A on steroid-induced immunosuppression was assessed through first and second set skin graft rejection, mixed lymphocyte culture reaction, and humoral antibody response to sheep erythrocytes. Results show tha vitamin A does not affect in vivo immunosuppression, although in vitro studies yield a conflicting result.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1981

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia in an adult patient.

A case of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in an adult patient has been presented. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is a neoplastic process in which the leukocyte precursors have been transformed and no longer respond to the forces that normally regulate their proliferation and maturation. The symptomatology, diagnostic procedures, and treatment modality have been discussed. Unfortunately, although complete remission was obtained for two years, the patient developed recurrent acute lymphoblastic leukemia and subsequently died from a massive, uncontrollable infection.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Failure of antiperistaltic colon interposition to ameliorate short-bowel syndrome.

The value of an interposed antiperistaltic colon segment in the management of short-bowel syndrome was assessed in four adult dogs. Following 90 per cent small-bowel resection, and an interposition of 20-cm length of antiperistaltic colon segment, several parameters of small-bowel function were measured. These included regular serum chemistries, including serum glucose, electrolytes, total protein, and the usual liver function studies. Between the test group of four dogs and a control group of three dogs, there was no difference in xylose absorption curves, 24-hour fat excretion, bowel transit time, and average weight loss. On the basis of these findings, colon reversal would not appear to be of benefit in the surgical management of short bowel syndrome.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Arterial surgery for arm ischemia. A survey of 136 patients.

A series of 136 patients with upper extremity ischemia requiring operative correction is presented. Causes of the ischemia included trauma, atherosclerosis, embolism, iatrogenic causes, radiation injury, and cervical rib syndrome. Operations included primary repair, various bypass grafts and embolectomy. Illustrative case reports are used to emphasize important points. The subclavian, axillary and brachial arteries have been considered separately. In general, ischemia of the arm caused by a discrete lesion is amenable to surgical correction with an excellent change of success.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Experimental induction of intrinsic valve stenosis.

True pulmonic and aortic valvular stenoses were produced in dogs by chemical cautery of valve cusps during cardiopulmonary bypass. The intrinsic valve stenoses were confirmed by phonocardiography, gradient measurements, angiography, and pathologic examination. The lesion were similar to clinical valvular stenosis in several respects, including the presence of dystrophic calcification. Unlike the hitherto available models of supravalvular stenosis, the present preparation is amenable to a greater variety and spectrum of experimental studies.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Shotgun arterial injuries of the extremities.

Even though shotgun injuries are often grouped with gunshot wounds, the former are ballistically and clinically far different from gunshot wounds. Two groups of patients with shotgun and gunshot wounds of the extremities, respectively, were compared with regard to clinical features. Although the vascular wound was the most dramatic aspect in both groups of patients, associated injuries, especially to the nerves and bones, played a significant role in the ultimate rehabilitation of the patients with shotgun wounds. Shotgun injuries more frequently required the use of saphenous vein grafts than did gunshot wounds. The infection and amputation rates were much higher in patients with shotgun wounds than in those with gunshot wounds. Patients with shotgun injuries of the extremities often required secondary reconstructive procedures such as tendon transfer or bone and joint fusion. Despite these measures the outlook for the ultimate rehabilitation of the extremity after shotgun injury was dismal, whereas after gunshot wounds complete rehabilitation was the rule.

Amputation, Surgical↗
PubMed1978

Host response to allogeneic implants in the anterior chamber of the rat eye.

The anterior chamber of the eye has long been considered an immunologically privileged site, but the nature of this privilege has been re-examined recently. In our study, we used rats with defined genetic differences as the donors and the recipients. Implants were from split-ear sections, and the host response was measured both in vivo, by implant survival time, and in vitro, by the mixed-leukocyte reaction and the 51Cr-release cytotoxicity assay. Controls consisted of syngeneic implants and allogeneic orthotopic skin grafts. This study has shown that (1) host sensitization occurs approximately 7 days after implantation, (2) cytotoxic effector cells are produced by day 14, with a peak on day 21, (3) implant survival time is long in spite of the presence of competent effector cells, and (4) the survival time of implants is directly related to the degree of genetic histoincompatibility. The reasons for the long implant survival in hosts with a demonstrable immune reactivity has not been established, but the survival time appears to be related to the route of sensitization (vascular rather than lymphatic), which lends itself to the production of serum blocking factors and the procurement of supressor T cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Immunologic study of the brain as a privileged site.

A number of experimental findings reported here indicate that the brain functions as a privileged site not because of an afferent arc blockade, as hitherto thought, but because of an efferent arc blockade, with some afferent arc delay. There appears to be a quantitative deficiency in the efferent arc, but a qualitative defect is not ruled out. Implants survive four times as long in the brain as in the anterior chamber.

Animals↗