Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S Price

Publications and source records attributed to S Price.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1966

Sweet-sensitive protein from bovine taste buds: isolation and assay.

Using refractometry and ultraviolet-difference spectroscopy to indicate interaction between proteins and coinpounds of low molecular weight, we found a protein fraction in bovine tongue extracts that coinplexes sugars and saccharin. The strengths of the coinzplexes parallel the degrees of sweetness of the compounds, and the effects of pH upon formation of complexes parallel the effects of pH upon sensitivity of taste buds to sweet compounds in vivo.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Acetaminophen hepatotoxicity: An update.

Acetaminophen is a widely used nonprescription analgesic and antipyretic agent. It is also a dose-related hepatotoxin that can cause fulminant liver failure when taken in massive overdoses or, much less commonly, at therapeutic doses in susceptible individuals. Persons who regularly consume alcohol or persons who have been fasting may be more susceptible to this hepatotoxicity. This liver injury is due not to the drug itself but to the formation of the toxic metabolite N-acetyl-p-benzoquinine imine generated through the cytochrome P-450 drug-metabolizing system. Normally, hepatic stores of glutathione combine with the toxic metabolite and prevent liver cell injury. When glutathione stores are depleted by overproduction of this metabolite, however, the reactive metabolite binds to liver cell proteins and causes hepatic necrosis. P-450 2E1 is induced by alcohol consumption and possibly starvation, and glutathione depletion can occur due to the inadequate nutrition occurring in chronic alcohol use or in starvation. Recent studies have shown that activated Kupffer cells and their secreted toxic agents such as cytokines may also play a role in this liver injury. This liver injury is characterized by extremely high levels of serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (> 1000), and bad prognostic signs include severe prolongation of the prothrombin time, renal dysfunction, and, most importantly, acidosis. N-acetylcysteine is a highly effective antidote when given early (within 15 hours) of overdose. Some patients may develop such fulminant liver injury that they require transplantation. Unfortunately, many such patients have a course so rapid that a donor liver may not become available in time. Thus, both the medical community and the general public require a heightened understanding of this clinical problem in order to initiate prevention measures and to implement early therapeutic measures if an overdose situation occurs.

Acetaminophen↗
PubMedDate not supplied

STARDUST: finessing expensive cometary sample returns.

The STARDUST Discovery mission will collect samples of cometary coma and interstellar dust and return them to Earth. Five years after launch in February 1999, coma dust in the 1- to 100-micrometers size range will be captured by impact into ultra-low-density silica aerogel during a 6 kms-1 flyby of Comet Wild 2. The returned samples will be investigated at laboratories where the most critical information on these primitive materials is retained. The Jet Propulsion Laboratory will provide project management with Lockheed Martin Astronauts as the spacecraft industrial partner. STARDUST management will aggressively and innovatively achieve cost control through the use of Total Quality Management principles, the chief of which will be organization in a Project Engineering and Integration Team that "flattens" the traditional hierarchical structure by including all project elements from the beginning, in a concurrent engineering framework focusing on evolving Integrated Mission Capability.

Astronomy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A review of Clinical Terms Version 3 (Read Codes) for speech and language record keeping.

There may be bugs, there may be viruses, but computers are here to stay. Access to computers may vary greatly from 'seen one once' to daily usage. However, with an increasing dependence on electronic records, even the most remote therapist will ultimately be faced with computerization. To make this process as painless as possible some commonality in approach is logical. A common vocabulary, for instance, would ensure that dysphasia in Cape Town is the same as dysphasia in Dundee. This is great in theory but is Clinical Terms Version 3 (Read Codes) (CTV3) sufficient to encode records in clinical practice? It is to this end that the Speech and Language Therapy Department at Burton Hospital took part in a multidisciplinary project with the NHS Centre for Coding and Classification (NHS CCC). (NHS CCC became the NHS Information Authority, Coding and Classification on 1 April 1999.) Their CTV3 offers a standardized clinical terminology. An audit of patient case-notes found that 78% of the terms used by therapists were available in CTV3. Although there are many issues raised concerning electronic patient records, CTV3 presented as a potential vocabulary for recording patient information in this acute setting.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Assessing children's pain.

Children's experience of pain is difficult to assess. A number of tools are available that enable children's pain to be measured. If these are used appropriately, practitioners can set measurable goals for pain relief and evaluate their interventions.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Student nurses and children's pain.

The issue of pain assessment has attracted great interest in recent years, but there are as yet precious few studies which concentrate on paediatric nurses' assessment skills. Sue Price describes a study of how first-level (general) student nurses assessed children's pain. Despite a small sample size, she found wide variation in understanding of the intensity of pain being suffered by children. She recommends the inclusion of a session on the assessment and management of pain in the paediatric module of general nursing syllabuses.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Children's nursing: lessons from the past.

This article traces the development of paediatric nursing and looks at the reasons why paediatric nurses have traditionally needed a dual qualification in adult nursing. The author argues that it is time paediatric nursing was regarded as separate from adult nursing and qualifications in both adult and children's nursing as unnecessary.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Initial events in stimulation of taste and smell receptor cells.

Analysis of the initial interactions of chemicals with olfactory and taste receptor cells is complicated by problems in controlling stimulus presentation. These interactions arise from chemicals diffusing through an unstirred layer to reach the cell surfaces and, in the case of olfaction, partitioning into mucus from air. In many instances, the odorants are metabolized to products that may be stimulants. In such cases, the analysis is further complicated by uncertainty about which chemical species actually stimulate. Stimulation of chemoreceptors can be thought of as originating from specific and nonspecific interactions of stimuli with the cells. Specific interactions involve receptor proteins in or on the cell membranes. These interactions are probably important in initiating sweet taste but not in detecting salty or sour stimuli. There are many reported preparations including putative olfactory receptor proteins, and evidence exists that the proteins comprise a structurally similar class. In some, the proteins are demonstrated to have olfactory function, but blocking their interaction with odorants only partially inhibits olfactory responses. The remainder of the responses presumably occur by general irritant effects of odorants and their metabolites.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Preparing children for admission to hospital.

This paper will discuss different ways of preparing children for the experience of hospital, the use of different methods to suit varying situations, how they relate to children of differing ages and the practicality of implementing such schemes.

Adolescent↗