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Biomedical subjects

S Pitlik

Publications and source records attributed to S Pitlik.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Effect of cimetidine on digoxin disposition in peptic ulcer patients.

Cimetidine inhibits the renal tubular secretion of creatinine and digoxin is partly excreted by the same pathway. In order to investigate a possible interaction between the two drugs, a randomized cross-over acute study has been conducted. Six patients with duodenal ulcers were given a single dose of digoxin (Dig) 0.75 mg i.v. with and without oral cimetidine 1200 mg/day. Cimetidine significantly reduced creatinine clearance from 157 to 132 ml/min. There was no significant difference in inulin clearance, 99.2 vs 97.5 ml/min, Dig elimination half life 53.9 vs 56.9 h, apparent volume of distribution 11.3 vs 11.6 l/kg, systemic clearance 2.42 vs 2.35 ml/min/kg, renal clearance 1.48 vs 1.62 ml/min/kg or urinary excretion of digoxin 49.5 vs 51.6% of dose without or with cimetidine. These results suggest that cimetidine does not influence the disposition of digoxin.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Ticarcillin plus clavulanic acid in the treatment of patients with cancer.

Since the combination of ticarcillin with clavulanic acid is active against many otherwise resistant organisms that commonly affect patients with cancer, a therapeutic trial with ticarcillin disodium plus clavulanate potassium for treating infections in cancer patients was conducted. A total of 127 evaluable patients were treated with this antibiotic. Of these, 63 percent were women with breast carcinoma, 28 percent were patients with leukemia, and the remainder were patients with sarcomas and lung cancer. The median duration of therapy was 7.7 days. There were 63 documented infections, with bacteriologic documentation in 39 episodes. Because of the high incidence of gram-positive infections and after the failure of ticarcillin plus clavulanate potassium in two of these episodes, vancomycin was added to the regimen. The overall response rate was 75 percent. In microbiologically proved infections, the response rate was 79 percent. Thirteen of 17 gram-negative infections responded (76 percent), including four of four episodes caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The only failures in this group were two episodes with Klebsiella species, one episode with Escherichia coli, and one episode with Enterobacter species. Of the gram-positive infections treated without vancomycin, five of eight (63 percent) responded and only two episodes due to Staphylococcus aureus and one due to JK diphtheroid bacteria failed. All episodes treated with the combination of ticarcillin plus clavulanate potassium and vancomycin responded. Seven of eight (88 percent) polymicrobial infections and 73 percent of those infections without identified organisms responded as well. The overall response rates for septicemia, pneumonia, soft tissue infections, and urinary tract infections were 71, 50, 71, and 83 percent, respectively. Of five microbiologically proved superinfections, three were fungal, and one each was due to Klebsiella species and S. aureus. No toxicity was observed. For 12 organisms, the minimal inhibitory concentration was lower for ticarcillin plus clavulanate potassium than for ticarcillin alone; in six it was identical. Five organisms were resistant to both, and three that were resistant to ticarcillin were sensitive to ticarcillin plus clavulanate potassium. Ticarcillin plus clavulanate potassium is a safe drug with an expanded spectrum of activity. More therapeutic trials need to be conducted to better define its role in the therapy of serious infections in cancer patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Determination of 18O/16O ratio in inorganic phosphate as an oncogenic marker and indicator for disturbances in phosphate metabolism.

Natural stable isotope fractionation is a potential tool in investigation of metabolic process, since rigid mass balance considerations rule the changes in the isotopic ratio. As the natural changes in 13C/12C ratio of total CO2 between blood and urine served for studying renal bicarbonate reabsorption, studying changes in 18O/16O ratio of phosphate are suggested to investigate deranged phosphate metabolism. The 18O/16O ratio in serum phosphate is constant, determined by the ratio in the environmental drinking water. Therefore, measurements of this ratio in normal individuals, after modifications in phosphate metabolism and in diseases with high alkaline phosphatase activity are proposed. The main purpose of the proposed study is to assess whether measurements of 18O/16O ratio can detect malignant metastases in bones due to deranged phosphate metabolism. An assumption that these determinations might precede other tests for detecting bone metastases and can serve as an oncogenic marker is made.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1984

Dressler's syndrome after right ventricular infarction.

Undiagnosed myocardial infarction of the right ventricle presented as Dressler's syndrome. Radioisotopic diagnostic procedures including first-pass and multigated acquisition nuclear angiography ( MUGA ) and thallium-201 perfusion studies enabled a retroactive diagnosis of myocardial infarction, showed it to be in the right ventricle, and clarified the aetiology of the unexplained fever and pleuropericarditis.

Humans↗
PubMed1984

Spontaneous bacterial pleuritis in a patient with cirrhosis.

Empyema of the left pleural cavity developed suddenly in a nonalcoholic cirrhotic patient. Cultures of the pleural fluid under anaerobic conditions grew Clostridium perfringens, an organism normally found in the enteric flora. The infection developed in an old pleural effusion. Since there was no evidence of trauma, necrotizing pneumonitis or subphrenic infection, spontaneous bacterial pleuritis is proposed.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Intrasinusoidal metastatic melanoma of the liver with reactive hepatitis. An immunologic phenomenon?

The macrophage migration inhibition factor (MIF) test toward extracts of choroidal melanoma was repeated four times in a patient with ocular malignant melanoma. In the initial stage, when there was only an ocular finding, the MIF test result was positive. It remained so for a period of two years, even when intrasinusoidal hepatic diffusion developed concomitantly with a nonspecific reactive hepatitis. These histologic findings can be interpreted as evidence of the presence of an immune reaction at a particular moment in the disease process. Several months later, when the patient's condition went into an abrupt decline and showed extensive nodular spread, the results of MIF test were found to have become negative.

Choroid Neoplasms↗
PubMed1983

Indomethacin- and Moduretic--induced hyperkalemia.

Simultaneous administration of indomethacin and Moduretic (Merck Sharp & Dohme, USA, 5 mg of amiloride HCl, 50 mg hydrochlorothiazide) to a 78-yr-old patient resulted in severe hyperkalemia twice. When administered alone, neither drug significantly changed the normal serum potassium levels. Laboratory findings suggest an alteration of the internal balance of potassium as the main mechanism of this particular drug-induced hyperkalemia.

Aged↗