Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to S Perugini.
Multiplanar and surface reconstructions are useful tools in anatomical studies. Details of ethmoid architecture which are hard to image in axial and coronal scans are well displayed by means of oblique sections. This paper addresses reformatted images of a) the nasal lateral wall; b) the middle meatus lateral wall; c) the lamina basilaris of the middle turbinate and d) the frontonasal duct.
The echoencephalographic examinations of 127 neonates were analysed to verify the role of US in the study of neonatal cerebral pathology, and to compare it with CT. US was of value in identifying the existence of a cerebral lesion and for follow-up. CT was more reliable for the characterization of the lesion and in establishing the surgical indications.
Fifteen patients with multiple myeloma, two of whom had plasma cell leukemia, were treated between May 1974 and December 1978. Peptichemio was administered intravenously at doses of 40-80 mg/48 h, courses including 4-17 administrations in association with moderate doses of prednisone (15-50 mg/day) and androstanes at high dosages (250 mg weekly). In two patients PTC was associated with vincristine (VCR) administered on the first day of the course. Eight patients were previously untreated, four had been resistant to melphalan (MPH) and/or cyclophosphamide (CTX), and three had been treated irregularly with one or both of these alkylating agents. The criteria of response to therapy are reported. Out of a total of 15 PTC courses administered we obtained 13 responses, eight complete and five partial; no response was achieved in the other two patients. In the four patients who were resistant to MPH and/or CTX we obtained three responses, which were maintained with the same alkylating agent to which they had been resistant previously. The time needed to obtain a response in 90% of the patients was 6 weeks. Peptichemio was shown to be effective in patients in an advanced stage of the disease, in patients with light-chain myeloma and in those with plasma cell leukemia. The association of VCR potentiated the antitumor effect, but also increased the myelotoxicity. The PTC treatment was well tolerated. It is suggested that PTC be used in induction treatment of myelomatosis and in patients resistant to traditional alkylating agents.
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The cytologic changes induced by vincristine (VCR) on the erythroblasts, the myeloid cells and the neoplastic plasma cells were studied on the bone marrow of 5 patients with plasma cell malignancies. Nine hours after the administration of the drug, the cytocidal effect on the 3 cell types was proportional to the magnitude of the stathmokinetic effect induced in them: marked on the erythroblasts (whose percentage incidence was sharply reduced), more modest on the myeloid cells, and still lower on the plasma cells. Nine days later the plasmocytomatous infiltrate was reduced as compared to before therapy, while the aliquot of hemopoietic cells was restored. At this time the mitotic index of plasma cells, but not that of the hemopoietic cells, was higher than before VCR administration. These findings suggest that the tumor mass reduction by VCR is followed by plasma cell recruitment, which is in progress 9 days after the drug administration. On the contrary, the regeneration of the hemopoietic cells has repopulated the bone marrow and is already exhausted in this lag time. It is hypothesized that VCR administrations given at about 9 day intervals are more and more effective on the recruited plasma cells, owing to the phase S-specificity of the drug. The regeneration of the hemopoietic cells is protected by this time interval.
Morphological and cytochemical studies of circulating neoplastic cells were carried out in a patient who presented a preterminal leukaemic phase of Hodgkin's disease (HD). Three types of abnormal cells were found in the peripheral blood: abnormal mononuclear cells, Hodgkin's cells and Reed-Sternberg cells. All neoplastic cells were cytochemically negative to Sudan black B, peroxidase and alkaline phosphatase. Some neoplastic cells were positive to PAS and all were positive to acid phosphatase, alpha-naphthylacetate esterase and beta-glucuronidase. The origin of the neoplastic population in HD is discussed.
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In two patients with advanced Hodgkin's disease the DNA content, the mitotic index and the in vitro tritiated thymidine labeling index of the neoplastic cells found in peripheral blood, bone marrow and, in one case, in ascitic fluid have been determined. Cytologically the tumor cells were classified into three groups: atypical mononuclear cells, Hodgkin (H) cells and Reed-Sternberg (R-S) cells. Two populations with clearly different kinetic features were recognized. The first one was that of atypical mononuclear cells which exhibited diploid DNA content and proliferative activity of moderate degree: tetraploid cells were, however, observed more frequently than expected. The second population grouped together H and R-S cells, had tetraploid modal DNA content and very high proliferative activity. Hodgkin cells had tetraploid or slightly greater DNA content while R-S cells exhibited also DNA values as high as octoploid and sometimes greater. It can be postulated that by endomitosis some atypical mononuclear cells give origin to H cells and that these assume the monstrous features of R-S cells while increasing their DNA content during the DNA synthesis phase.
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Ferrokinetic parameters were estimated in eight patients with primary acquired sideroblastic anaemia (PASA) by means of a mathematical model of iron kinetics. Both plasma 59Fe clearance and red cell utilization curves were used to identify the model parameters. The close agreement between experimental and theoretical data proved that the model can describe iron kinetics in sideroblastic anaemia. Ineffective erythropoiesis was found to be major factor in the production of the anaemia. Various degrees and patterns of peripheral haemolysis were observed. The storage iron was always markedly increased and a large non-erythroid iron turnover was calculated in the most severely affected patients. The results are compared with present knowledge of erythropoiesis in PASA.