Biomedical subjects

S Pelet

Publications and source records attributed to S Pelet.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Tuberculosis of the greater trochanter. Report of four cases.

OBJECTIVE: To present four cases of tuberculosis of the greater trochanter. CASE PRESENTATION AND INTERVENTION: The four cases (3 females and 1 male), aged 45-70 years, presented with mechanical pain in the trochanteric area associated with progressive swelling in the 3 female patients in whom mobility was also restricted. X-ray revealed a mass in 2 females; CT scan and MRI exhibited an abscess in the 3 females. Histological and bacteriological examinations showed Mycobacterium bovis in the 3 females and M. tuberculosis in the male. In the females, tritherapy and surgery were performed, while in the male quadritherapy and surgery. All the patients recovered and were followed up for 4-9 years. CONCLUSION: These cases show that both chemotherapy and surgery must be synergic if tuberculosis is diagnosed and an abscess is confirmed by imaging.

Aged↗

PubMed2004

A fast global fitting algorithm for fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy based on image segmentation.

Global fitting algorithms have been shown to improve effectively the accuracy and precision of the analysis of fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy data. Global analysis performs better than unconstrained data fitting when prior information exists, such as the spatial invariance of the lifetimes of individual fluorescent species. The highly coupled nature of global analysis often results in a significantly slower convergence of the data fitting algorithm as compared with unconstrained analysis. Convergence speed can be greatly accelerated by providing appropriate initial guesses. Realizing that the image morphology often correlates with fluorophore distribution, a global fitting algorithm has been developed to assign initial guesses throughout an image based on a segmentation analysis. This algorithm was tested on both simulated data sets and time-domain lifetime measurements. We have successfully measured fluorophore distribution in fibroblasts stained with Hoechst and calcein. This method further allows second harmonic generation from collagen and elastin autofluorescence to be differentiated in fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy images of ex vivo human skin. On our experimental measurement, this algorithm increased convergence speed by over two orders of magnitude and achieved significantly better fits.

Algorithms↗

PubMed2002

[Hemilithotomy position for intramedullary nailing of the femur and compartment syndrome of the healthy leg].

The well leg compartment Syndrome following long procedures in the dorsal lithotomy or hemi-lithotomy position is a rare complication. Its diagnosis is usually late and the neurological deficit are often permanent. We report two cases of femoral nailing complicated by Compartment Syndrome of the contralateral leg. We review the published literature on 40 cases which suggests a clear relationship between these positions, the duration of the intervention and the degree of leg elevation. Given the potentially severe sequel, prevention is a must and a high degree of suspicion is the key to an early diagnosis. A modified hemi-lithotomy position is proposed. That avoids extreme elevation of the leg and diminishes the hip and knee flexion required while allowing adequate fluoroscopy.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

[Osteosynthesis of per- and subtrochanteric fractures by blade plate versus gamma nail. A randomized prospective study].

AIM: To compare clinical and radiological results in per- and subtrochanteric fractures' management with 90 degrees blade plate or Gamma nail fixation; an implant allowing early weight-bearing and fracture healing in correct position remains still difficult. METHOD: Between 1993 and 1995, 26 patients addressed to our Center for a Kyle IV [1] fracture were divided into 2 groups, one fixed with blade plate and the other with Gamma nail. The follow-up for all patients is 12 months. RESULTS: Gamma nail allows early weight-bearing in all patients, fracture healing is acquired at 4.2 months; an operative diaphyseal fracture needed conversion to a long Gamma nail. We observed a slight cut-out that didn't need reoperation. In the blade plate group, we noticed three femoral head necrosis without major flattening, two non-unions, one plate's breakage and two malunions; fracture healing is acquired at 6.3 months. The two non-unions and the plate's breakage didn't need reoperation because of low functional demand. CONCLUSION: We prefer Gamma nail in per- and subtrochanteric femoral fractures' management, it allows early and fast weight-bearing and fracture healing is acquired in all cases.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

DNA polymerases II and V mediate respectively mutagenic (-2 frameshift) and error-free bypass of a single N-2-acetylaminofluorene adduct.

The NarI sequence represents a strong mutation hot spot for -2 frameshift mutations induced by N-2-acetylaminofluorene (AAF), a strong chemical carcinogen. Only when bound to the third (underlined) guanine (5'-GGCGCC-->GGCC) can AAF trigger frameshift mutations, suggesting the involvement of a slipped replication intermediate with a two-nucleotide bulge. While base substitutions induced by UV light or abasic sites require DNA polymerase V (Pol V; umuDC), the AAF-induced -2 frameshift pathway requires DNA polymerase II, the polB gene product. Interestingly, error-free bypass of the G-AAF adduct requires Pol V. The genes encoding both Pol II and Pol V are induced by the SOS regulon, a co-ordinated cellular response to environmental stress. A given lesion, G-AAF, can thus be bypassed by two SOS-controlled DNA polymerases (II and V), generating mutagenic (-2 frameshifts) and error-free replication products respectively. Therefore both Pol II and Pol V can compete for the blocked replication intermediate in the vicinity of the lesion and engage in replication by transiently replacing the replicative DNA Pol III. Our data suggest that, in order to cope with the large diversity of existing DNA lesions, cells use a single or a combination of translesional DNA polymerases to achieve translesion synthesis.

2-Acetylaminofluorene↗