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Biomedical subjects

S P Sharma

Publications and source records attributed to S P Sharma.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Effect of propyl gallate feeding on glutathione content in ageing Zaprionus paravittiger (Diptera).

Glutathione content increased during the reproductive period and decreased thereafter up to the 43rd day of age in whole body as well as mitochondrial homogenates of ageing Zaprionus paravittiger. However, females exhibited higher levels of glutathione as compared to males. In whole body homogenates, propyl gallate (PG; 25 micrograms/ml) increased the glutathione content significantly up to the 22nd day of life whereas in mitochondria it increased during all age intervals in the two sexes with the exception of the 36th and 43rd day of survival in males. In conclusion, the higher level of glutathione on PG feeding might be one of the factors leading to the prolonged life span of flies.

Aging↗
PubMed1992

Quantitative immunological status of males of unexplained infertility in eastern U.P.

126 males of unexplained infertility and 75 fertile males were studied during a period of more than 2 years. Statistically significant increase in the levels of serum IgM was observed in cases of males of unexplained infertility. Level and percentage of cases showing semen IgM was more in study group (134.61 +/- 25.5 mg %, 41.26%) than control (24%, 99.3 +/- 8.3%). Semen IgA was found only in study group in 30.15% cases. Though definite correlation between serum and semen immunoglobulin was not observed, semen immunoglobulin was found to be 1-2 fold lower than serum. Results of the present study indicate towards a possible immunological role in cases of unexplained infertility in males.

Humans↗
PubMed1992

Effect of antioxidants on adenosine triphosphatase activity of brain and heart in male mice during ageing.

The present study deals with the effect of butylated hydroxy anisole, propyl gallate and alpha-tocopherol on ATPase activity of brain and heart in ageing male mice. The activity of both the tissues significantly increased during pre-reproductive and reproductive phases. However, during the post-reproductive phase, ATPase activity of heart increased while that of the brain remained unaltered. The enhanced activity could be attributed to interference by the antioxidants in cellular metabolism and/or their free radical scavenging effect.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed1992

'Dark' cell formation under protein malnutrition: process of conversion and concept of 'semi-dark' type Purkinje cells.

This paper deals with some deleterious effects of protein malnourishment in rat cerebellum. Severe protein deprivation enhanced the formation of 'dark' cells in white rats. It is postulated that abnormal changes in the neuronal contents induced by nutritional stress play a vital role in the formation of the 'dark' cells through an intermediary stage, 'semi-dark' cells. Centrophenoxine a lipofuscinolytic agent, however, seems to interfere with the process of formation of 'dark' cells and/or helps reconversion of the 'dark' cells into the normal or 'light' type Purkinje cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Lipofuscin accumulation in ageing myocardium & its removal by meclophenoxate.

A study was undertaken on the age-associated histochemical changes in the ventricular myocardium and the influence of meclophenoxate hydrochloride (MPH) on the age pigment lipofuscin. Sixty Wistar albino rats in three age-groups (3, 15 and 30 months old) were treated with meclophenoxate hydrochloride (100 mg/kg body wt/day, ip) for a period of 2-8 wk. Five animals each from the three age-groups served as controls. Various histochemical and micromorphometric studies were carried out on the myocardial tissue. A linear increase in the myocardial volume occupied by the pigment was observed with advancing age. As a result of meclophenoxate treatment, a gradual decrease in the myocardial volume occupied by the pigment was noted. After 4-6 wk treatment, the pigment bodies were found lodged into the capillary endothelium and the lumen, facilitating the removal of the pigment via blood stream. Histochemical and micromorphometric analyses of ventricular myocardium of albino rats have shown thus that deposition of the age-pigment, lipofuscin, can be accepted as an index of cellular ageing.

Aging↗
PubMed1979

Fenbendazole for treatment of Paragonimus kellicotti infection in dogs.

The effect of fenbendazole therapy was studied in 9 dogs with pulmonary paragonimiasis induced by inoculation of metacercariae (25/dog) of Paragonimus kellicotti. At 42 to 47 days after 6 dogs were inoculated, they were given fenbendazole in 2 divided doses totaling 50 mg (4 dogs) or 100 mg (2 dogs)/kg of body weight each day for 10 to 14 days. Three dogs were not treated. The passage of Paragonimus eggs in the feces ceased after 3 days at the high dosage and after 3 to 8 days at the low dosage. All dogs were euthanatized and necropsied on day 14. Live flukes were not recovered from the lungs of any treated dog, but 15, 19, and 23 live flukes were recovered from the untreated dogs.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Porcine toxoplasmosis in Indiana.

Toxoplasmosis was diagnosed at necropsy in a 4-week-old pig from a litter of 16 born to a clinically normal sow. Multifocal acute necrosis of blood vessels and parenchyma was found in the small intestine, mesenteric lymph nodes, liver, lungs, and brain. Numerous tachyzoites, ultrastructurally indistinguishable from Toxoplasma gondii, were found in lesions. The affected pig and seven other littermates died after diarrhea had developed within 1 to 2 weeks of birth. The most likely source of infection was oocysts from cats on the farm.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Nucleolar activity in the primate dorsal root ganglion cells associated with dietary protein malnutrition.

The nucleolar changes in the dorsal root ganglion cells of the squirrel monkey, Saimiri sciureus, have been investigated by the use of histological and histochemical methods in the healthy neonates (born to mothers maintained on 25% protein diet during gestation) and young adults, and compared with those observed in the protein-malnourished neonates (born to mothers maintained on a 8% protein diet during gestation). Also studied were young adults maintained on a high protein diet (25% protein) as well as on a low protein diet (2% protein content) for a period of 15 weeks. Whereas in the healthy animals (neonates and young adults) only a few cells show nucleolar budding and finally their extrusion into the cytoplasm, the protein-malnourished animals show a significantly enhanced nucleolar activity in the form of increased size (3-4 times the original) and active budding either from one focal point or at several places on the body of the nucleolus. In the neurons which show chromatolytic changes, these extrusions migrate to the nuclear membrane, wherefrom they pass on to the cytoplasm through an evagination of the nuclear envelope. Such a migration appears to occur by a focal dissolution of the nuclear membrane. It appears that, under conditions of severe malnutrition and advanced chromatolytic changes in the neuronal cytoplasm, the nucleolar material provides a compensatory mechanism for the increased cytoplasmic catabolism and loss of ribonucleoprotein material in order to facilitate additional protein synthesis for cell survival.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Experimental protein malnutrition in squirrel monkeys: cytochemical interaction of nucleolus and cytoplasm in the anterior horn cells of the spinal cord of Saimiri sciureus.

Nuecleolo-cytoplasmic relationships have been studied using histochemical techniques in the spinal cord of healthy neonates compared with those born to mothers malnourished through most of the gestation period, and healthy and severely protein-malnourished young adult squirrel monkeys. Formaldehyde-fixed as well as fresh frozen tissues were used for histological study and for histochemical techniques to demonstrate lipids, carbohydrates, nucleic acids and enzymes of various metabolic cycles. Changes in the neuronal cytoplasm of the low protein animals appear to be related to impaired protein metabolism and energy transport. The nucleolus reacts to cytoplasmic changes by enlarging its size and by active synthesis of secretion of nucleolar material, which is then passed into the cytoplasm through an evagination of the nuclear envelope. The greater the degree of chromatolysis in the cytoplasm, the more active the nucleolus appears to be in terms of its enlarged size and transfer of secretion products into the cytoplasm. It is believed that the perinuclear accumulation of secretion products in the neuronal cytoplasm of the protein-deficient animals has its origin in the nucleolus. Such an accumulation in the severely malnourished animals appears to be a compensatory mechanism for the increased cytoplasmic catabolism and loss of ribonucleoprotein material in order to facilitate additional protein synthesis for cell survival.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1978

Nucleolar changes in response to dietary protein malnutrition in the neurons of the motor cerebral cortex and cerebellum of squirrel moneky Saimiri sciureus.

Nucleolo-cytoplasmic relationships have been studied in healthy squirrel monkeys and those subjected to a known degree of protein malnutrition. In the latter group, thirty-two pregnant animals starting from 35 days of gestation and 24 young adult animals were given a diet containing 7.5% and 2.0% protein content, respectively, compared to a diet with 25% protein for the controls. The motor cortex and the cerebellum removed from neonates as well as young adult animals sacrificed after 9, 11, 13 and 15 weeks of feeding schedules were investigated. Four animals after 15 weeks of dietary protein deprivation were rehabilitated with a balanced diet over a year's period. Formaldehyde-fixed as well as fresh frozen tissues were used for the histological study and to employ histochemical techniques for the demonstration of lipids, carbohydrates, nucleic acids and enzymes of various metabolic cycles. As a result of protein malnutrition, the nucleolus in a majority of the neurons from the motor cortex and the Purkinje cells of the cerebellum undergoes a series of morphological and cytochemical transformations in response to cytoplasmic changes related to impaired protein metabolism. The greater the level of protein deprivation, the greater is the degree of cytoplasmic chromatolysis and more pronounced are the nucleolar transformation in terms of enlarged size, secretory activity and transfer of nucleolar material in the cytoplasm. The nucleolar buds located close to the periphery of the nuclear membrane and the nucleolar material in the cytoplasm show identical cytochemical nature except for the presence of DNA in the former. It appears that during migration through the nuclear membrane the nucleolar material loses its DNA component and only aggregates of ribosomes and protein pass into cytoplasm, which aid in the synthesis of specific proteins lost as a result of catabolic processes initiated by protein malnutrition. Most of the observed changes in the adult squirrel monkeys are reversed when they are rehabilitated with a balanced diet.

Aged↗