[Cellular immunity indices and their information value in autoimmune diseases of the thyroid (a lecture)].
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Autoimmune Diseases↗
Biomedical subjects
S P Lazareva
Publications and source records attributed to S P Lazareva.
[Changes in the duration of the Achilles reflex in euthyroid goiter in children].
Changes in the duration of the Achilles reflex were studied in subclinical disturbances of thyroid function. For this purpose the duration of the Achilles reflex, the levels of T4, T3, iodine protein bound TSH and cholesterol were investigated in children admitted to hospital with the general diagnosis of the "euthyroid goiter". Clinical and laboratory findings revealed subclinical types of the diffuse toxic goiter, hypothyrosis, chronic thyroiditis, endemic goiter, nodular goiter, pubertal struma and sporadic euthyroid goiter. The aim of the study was to define the diagnostic importance of reflexometry in subclinical disorders of thyroid function and to assess the relationships between metabolic derangements and the duration of the Achilles reflex. Changes in the duration were shown to correspond to disorder of thyroid function. In 76% of the cases reflexometry brought about the correct assessment of the patient's thyroid status. A significant conformity of the levels of TSH, T3, T4 to the duration of the Achilles reflex was shown.
Achilles Tendon↗
[Reflexometry: an early prognostic test for assessing postoperative hypothyroidism].
The serum content of thyroxin (T4) and the duration of Achilles reflex was studied in 23 patients with toxic goiter 1-3 months after subtotal thyroidectomy. Concentration of T4 assessed in the serum revealed 9 euthyroid subjects and 14 patients with hypothyrosis. But as the duration of Achilles tendon reflex was within the norm in all 14 hypothyrosis patients reflexometry technique turned to be inconsistent in distinguishing between hypo- and euthyroidism. However the high prognostic value of this method for differential diagnosis of transient or long-standing forms of the disease was shown. Six months after the surgery hypothyrosis disappeared spontaneously, i.e. turned to be transient, in 5 patients whose Achilles tendon reflex parameters were normal, though in all 9 hypothyrosis patients with the reflex parameters higher than 350 m/s clinical and biochemical signs of thyroid under-activity were detected. The data obtained give evidence in favour of reflexometry to be used for early prognostic assessment of post-operative hypothyrosis.
Achilles Tendon↗
[Reflex excitability of the spinal centers in patients with diffuse toxic goiter (concerning the pathogenesis of motor disorders)].
Reflex activity of the spinal cord motor centres was studied in patients with diffuse toxic goiter and in healthy persons. Methods of recording N- and M-responses of the soleus muscle were used. It was revealed that the number of motor neurons participating in the reflex reaction was changed; the restoratory cycle of the motor neuron pool was disturbed in double stimulation; inhibition of the H-reflex during the voluntary contraction of the antagonist muscle was diminished. The occuring disturbances were connected with the functional changes both of the segmental spinal cord apparatus and of the supersegmental formations. The extent and the direction of the detected disturbances are determined by the presence or the absence of affection of the mesodiencephalic formations on the patients under study and failed to depend on the severity of the disease.
Action Potentials↗
[Function of the neuromotor apparatus in diabetes mellitus depending on metabolic compensation].
Electromyography was used to show that metabolism decompensation in diabetes mellitus induces reversible muscular changes, manifesting in the decreased tendon reflex and motor response amplitudes. These indices of neuromotor apparatus function return to normal in diabetes compensation. Meanwhile, diabetes compensation does not lead to rapid recovery of the affected nervous conduction and spinal motoneuronal excitability.
Diabetes Mellitus↗
[Function of the neuromotor apparatus in diabetes mellitus].
Peculiarities of the reflex and motor responses (H-and M-responses) of the soleus muscle in stimulation of the tibial nerve were studied in 69 patients with diabetes mellitus and in 44 healthy persons. The ratio of the maximal amplitudes of the H/M potentials studied usually decreased in patients with diabetic polyneuropathy in comparison with analogous indices in healthy persons. However, in the presence of labile or ketoacidotic forms of diabetes H/M increased considerably. Accelerated restoration of the H-reflex amplitude in coupled stimulations of the nerve in such patients indicated intensification of the facilitating cerebrospinal influences. A marked increase of the tendon and H-reflexes amplitude in patients with diabetes against the background of Jendrassik's method pointed to a possible deafferentation of the spinal centres. The results obtained indicated that, irrespective of the manifestations of the neuropathy symptoms, there were functional disturbances of both the segmental and suprasegmental formations controlling the motor function.
Achilles Tendon↗
[Reflexometry as a supplementary study method in thyroid hypofunction].
A correlation was established between the time of the Achilles reflex and the biochemical characteristics of thyroid function (total thyroxin and triiodothyronine levels, thyroxin-binding capacity of the blood serum proteins, the basal TTH level) in patients with grave and moderately expressed hypothyroidism. This correlation was retained during the substitution therapy: however, the reflex time recovery was retarded as compared to the degree of manifestation of the clinical symptoms and normalization of the biochemical parameters. The time of the Achilles jerk may serve as an additional criterion in evaluating the hypothyrosis severity and the effect of the treatment.
Achilles Tendon↗
[Clinico-electromyographic characteristics of spinal cord and peripheral nerve function in diabetic children].
By means of stimulating electromyography it was shown that children suffering from diabetes had a decrease in segmental motoneurone stimulation. It was manifested in the in the diminishing ratio of maximum reflex responses of the musculus soleus to the motor ones, in the delay of stimulation recovery, an inhibition of the Achilles tendon reflex. The changes mentioned were less pronounced in children with a history of hypoglycemic comas than in the rest children suffering from diabetes. It is suggested that some of EMG readings (the curve of motoneurone stimulation recovery, duration and asymmetry of the Achilles tendon reflex, rate of nervous impulse transmission may be of value for earlier revealing spinal motoneurone and peripheral nerve injuries in diabetes mellitus.
Action Potentials↗
[Spinal cord reflex activity characteristics of children with a diabetic heredity].
Stimulation electromyography has shown that children with hereditary diabetes mellitus develop functional disorders of the spinal cord reflex activity, manifesting in a decrease in correlations between musculus soleus reflex responses and motor ones, the delay of restoration of its segmental motoneuron stimulation, the disturbance of the tendon- and N-reflex supraspinal regulation. The most distinctive sign of these disorders is the curve of segmental motoneuron stimulation recovery. This phenomenon may be valuable for revealing the latent neurological disturbances in persons with diabetes predisposition. It is suggested that the neurological changes revealed may be resultant of the hereditable metabolic specificity.
Adolescent↗