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Biomedical subjects

S P Garg

Publications and source records attributed to S P Garg.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Comparison of observed skeleton retention of strontium in average indian adult with the value predicted by the ICRP biokinetic model.

The daily dietary intake of strontium and its content in skeleton, for an Indian adult population group were estimated by experimentally measuring its concentration in total cooked diet and autopsy skeleton samples using radiochemical neutron activation analysis. The data on daily dietary intake of strontium were used to compute its contents in skeleton using ICRP Publication 67 biokinetic model for strontium. The theoretically computed value of strontium (213.8 mg) compared favourably with the measured values (GM 181.2 mg) in an urban population group living in Mumbai representing an average Indian adult (Reference Indian Man).

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Ocular and cardiovascular autonomic function in diabetic patients with varying severity of retinopathy.

The study was conducted to assess the ocular and cardiovascular autonomic function in diabetic patients with varying severity of diabetic retinopathy. Ocular and cardiovascular autonomic function tests were performed in 30 patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (10 in each group of proliferative retinopathy, non-proliferative retinopathy and no retinopathy) of more than 5 years duration and 10 normal controls. Ocular autonomic function tests were done by measuring pupil cycle time and denervation hypersensitivity with 0.125% pilocarpine and 0.5% phenylephrine. Cardiovascular autonomic function was measured by a battery of standard tests. Denervation hypersensitivity to 0.125% pilocarpine and to 0.5% phenylephrine and pupil cycle time showed statistically significant differences (P value < 0.001) between controls and patients with proliferative retinopathy (PDR) and also between no retinopathy and PDR (P < 0.001). Systemic autonomic function tests namely expiration--inspiration ratio, difference in heart rate, 30th beat and 15th beat ratio in head up tilt and difference in diastolic blood pressure in head up tilt test also showed significant difference (P < 0.01) between controls and all 3 groups of diabetics. There was statistically significant difference found in para-sympathetic ocular autonomic dysfunction between NPDR and controls. Ocular and systemic autonomic dysfunctions are related to the severity of diabetic retinopathy.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Comparison of observed lung retention and urinary excretion of thorium workers and members of the public in India with the values predicted by the ICRP biokinetic model.

The daily intake of natural Th and its contents in lungs, skeleton and liver of an Indian adult population group were estimated using radiochemical neutron activation analysis (RNAA) technique. These data on daily intake (through inhalation and ingestion) were used to compute Th contents in lungs and other systemic organs such as skeleton and liver using the new human respiratory tract model (HRTM) and the new biokinetic model of Th. The theoretically computed Th contents in lungs, skeleton and liver of an average Indian adult are 2.56, 4.00 and 0.17 microg, respectively which are comparable with the corresponding experimentally measured values of 4.31, 3.45 and 0.14 microg in an urban population group living in Mumbai. The measured lung contents of Th in a group of five occupational workers were used to compute their total body Th contents and the corresponding daily urinary excretions. The computed total body contents and daily urinary excretions of Th in the five subjects compared favourably with their measured values. These studies, thus, validate the new biokinetic model of Th in natural as well as in occupational exposures in Indian conditions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Long term lung retention studies of 125Sb aerosols in humans.

This paper describes the retention of 125Sb oxide aerosols in human lungs based on the data obtained from a group of seven accidental inhalation exposure cases. Long-term follow-up studies for periods of time ranging from 1 to 3 d post intake to 199 to 2,422 d post intake have indicated the biological lung clearance half-time of this material ranging from about 600 to 1,100 d for non-smokers and 1,700 to 3,700 d for smokers. The retention in the lungs after 180 d in all the seven cases is found to be much more than 51% of the estimated initial alveolar deposit, which is consistent with the present ICRP criteria of assignment to the lung absorption Type S. There is little previously reported human data on this radionuclide compound. In these studies reliable information on actual time of intake, the likely type of material, and the amount of retained body/lung activity in initial days after the incident was also available, which adds to the importance of these data. The results of these studies provide a basis for firm classification and suggest that oxides of antimony need to be removed from absorption Type M (earlier class W) where these are presently listed by ICRP and be placed in absorption Type S (earlier class Y). The range of measured retained lung activities after the initial rapid clearance phase (7 d post exposure) was about 3 to 14 kBq, which was sufficient for long-term follow up studies using the whole body counters.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Development of an automated shielded chair whole-body monitor.

A standard shielded chair whole-body monitor has been developed as a computer controlled, unattended, walk-in-type of whole-body monitor for internal dosimetry of radiation workers. A radiation worker enters his personal computer code through the attached computer terminal and follows a few instructions on the screen. The chair door then opens automatically and after the worker has positioned himself into the counting geometry in the chair, the door closes. At the end of the whole-body monitoring for a pre-set time, the chair door opens again and the worker moves out. The monitoring data acquired on a 4K-MCA is saved in the computer memory automatically and the chair door closes again making it available for monitoring the next worker. The system also gives audio instructions to the worker to occupy the chair and to move out after the counting is over. A system supervisor can come at any convenient time and get a print out of the monitoring report in the standardised format or carry out any detailed analysis if required. The system has the software for calculating intakes and the committed effective doses using the latest ICRP methodologies, from the measured retained activities of the various important fission and activation products like 137Cs, 131I, 60Co, 125Sb etc. This type of system with trained staff is also expected to be of value in case of emergencies as a quick monitoring system.

Automation↗
PubMed2000

Congenital porphyria with necrotizing scleritis in a 9-year-old child.

Porphyria is a rare metabolic disorder that is characterized by the accumulation of photosensitive, toxic intermediates of the heme metabolic pathway in various organs of the body including the skin, eye and neural tissue. Porphyria as a potential cause for bilateral necrotizing scleritis in children is very infrequently emphasized in literature, probably due to the relatively rare occurrence and lack of well-documented cases. A case of a 9-year-old child with congenital porphyria who had developed necrotizing scleral ulceration in both eyes in addition to severe cutaneous hypersensitivity and facial disfigurement is herein presented.

Atropine↗
PubMed2000

Osseous choristoma of the choroid.

Osseous choristoma of the choroid, also called choroidal osteoma, is a very rare and unusual form of intraocular ossification. We report a case of choroidal osteoma in a young healthy male that to the best of our knowledge is the first report from India.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Telephone mouthpiece as a possible source of hospital infection.

A bacterial culture from telephone mouthpiece showed that 47 percent of the instruments carried pathogenic bacteria. Wiping with a disinfectant swab reduced the number of contaminated telephones. But for complete elimination of bacterial contamination changes in design of mouthpiece holes or type of instrument or using a polythene plastic cover over mouthpiece is recommended.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1997

Endogenous cortisol profile in patients with central serous chorioretinopathy.

AIM: To study the endogenous cortisol levels in patients with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR). METHODS: Endogenous cortisol levels in urine and plasma were determined in 30 patients with acute CSCR and compared with 30 age and sex matched controls. RESULTS: The mean values of the 8 am plasma cortisol (29.97 micrograms/dl v 18.76 micrograms/dl), 11 pm plasma cortisol (22.03 micrograms/dl v 13.06 micrograms/dl), and 24 hour urine cortisol (11.01 mg/24 h v 7.39 mg/24 h) revealed significantly higher values in the patient group (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Increased levels of endogenous cortisol are present in patients with CSCR.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Neodymium: YAG laser iridolenticular synechiolysis in uveitis.

Fifteen patients with "bound down" pupil or ring synechiae associated with chronic granulomatous uveitis in whom dilatation could not be obtained pharmacologically underwent iris-lens synechiolysis using relatively low energies from a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser. Pupil size increased significantly in all of the treated eyes; visual acuity improved in 40%. Postlaser elevated intraocular pressure developed in a significant number, but there were no serious long-term complications associated with the procedure. Although acuity improved in less than half of the patients, because this laser treatment is relatively safe and offers some possibility of visual improvement, we recommend it for routine use, but only if performed by an experienced laser microsurgeon.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Serous macular detachment in lymphoproliferative disorders.

Two patients, one with Hodgkin's disease and the other with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, presented with bilateral diminution of vision. Examination showed bilateral serous detachment of the macula. To our knowledge, this is only the second report in the literature of serous detachment of the macula in lymphomatous disorders.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1991

Metastatic endophthalmitis: a reappraisal.

In view of the lack of studies of metastatic endophthalmitis and the controversies surrounding its management, we did a retrospective study of ten cases of metastatic endophthalmitis admitted to our center in 1987. A disproportionately high incidence of pediatric patients was found. The etiologic diagnosis was possible in eight of the ten cases. Bacterial infection was responsible in five of the eight cases where positive cultures were grown. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most common bacterial pathogen isolated. Most of the cases responded poorly to medical management. Seven of the ten patients finally underwent vitrectomy. Four of these seven cases had a postoperative visual acuity equal to or greater than 6/60 after vitrectomy. We believe that pars plana vitrectomy has a definite role in the management of metastatic endophthalmitis.

Adolescent↗