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Biomedical subjects

S Ota

Publications and source records attributed to S Ota.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Urinary incontinence in children with primary vesicoureteral reflux--urinary incontinence and function of refluxing kidney].

The interrelation among urinary incontinence (nocturnal enuresis, urge incontinence), history of urinary tract infection and renal function was investigated in 153 children with primary vesicoureteral reflux who were more than three years old. Of them, 98 children (64%) had the chief complaint of urinary tract infection (UTI) and 43 children (28%), urinary incontinence. Of the children whose chief complaint was UTI, 44 (45%) had incontinence. Thus, 87 children (57%) with VUR had urinary incontinence. Almost all the children who had urinary incontinence and no previous UTI had good renal function. Renal dysfunction was found in children with previous UTI history. These studies on children with primary VUR more than three years old indicate that, although urinary incontinence could be a factor for recurrence of UTI and a probable cause of worsening of renal function, there is no direct correlation between urinary incontinence and renal dysfunction accompanied by VUR.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Renal function in children with solitary kidney].

Renal function of eighteen children with solitary kidney (14 congenital and 4 acquired) was assessed using DMSA renal uptake rate and urinary excretion of alpha 1-MG, beta 2-MG, NAG and microalbumin. Seven of the cases were associated with vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) and two with congenital hydronephrosis. These anomalies have been already treated surgically before entering this study. DMSA renal uptake rate of 8 children was the same as that of the controls (51.8 +/- 3.7%; mean +/- SD). However, the uptake rate of 10 cases were more than 2SD below the mean of the controls. In five of them, including two children with no other urinary tract anomaly, the uptake rate was less than 70% of the mean of the controls. Half of 14 children evaluated with alpha 1-MG showed high values. In 6 of these 7 cases, DMSA renal uptake rate was more than 2SD below the mean of the controls. Urinary microalbumin was not correlated with urinary alpha 1-MG or DMSA renal uptake rate. Three of 4 children with high values of urinary microalbumin were more than 10 years old. Nine of 12 children evaluated with all the indices mentioned above showed high values of urinary alpha 1-MG and/or microalbumin. Low DMSA renal uptake rate was revealed in 7 out of these 9 children including two cases without urinary tract anomaly. These results indicate that, in the cases with solitary kidney even though no other urinary tract anomaly is recognized, renal overload may have already developed in early life.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1990

Ultrasound-guided percutaneous injection of ethanolamine oleate for hypersplenism. An experimental study in dogs.

In order to evaluate a possible therapy for hypersplenism, an experiment with animals was done. In nine dogs, 0.6 ml/kg body weight of 5% ethanolamine oleate was injected percutaneously into the spleen under ultrasound guidance. The injection was repeated three times at intervals of 1 week. Three dogs each were killed at 1, 4, and 8 weeks after the final injection. All dogs tolerated the procedure well and lived until they were killed. The platelet count and leukocyte count increased after the injections, and remained higher than the pretreatment level until death. This effect probably is due to depressed splenic function. The autopsy showed 40% of the spleen to be infarcted with complete destruction of the normal structure. No serious complications occurred. In addition, injection of ethanolamine oleate in six fully heparinized dogs showed that there was little risk of hemorrhage. Ultrasound-guided percutaneous injection of ethanolamine oleate might be a simple and effective therapy for hypersplenism.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed1990

[Selective percutaneous thermocoagulation of the glossopharyngeal nerve in intractable glossopharyngeal neuralgia].

Percutaneous radiofrequency thermocoagulation of glossopharyngeal nerve at the jugular foramen was employed for the treatment of intractable glossopharyngeal neuralgia in three cases, one with essential and two with symptomatic pain from malignant tumor of the oropharyngeal area. Under radiological control, the thermocoagulation electrode was inserted through the lateral cervical route, and the electrode reached the jugular foramen with the tip toward the pars nervosa. The correct position of the electrode was confirmed by radiography and by electrophysiological stimulation test. Once the electrode was properly positioned, lesion was made with temperature of 60 degrees C to 70 degrees C for 1 approximately 2 minutes. Surgical results were satisfactory and no neurological and cardiovascular complications were noted. Percutaneous radiofrequency thermocoagulation of glossopharyngeal nerve is thought to be very useful for the treatment of intractable glossopharyngeal neuralgia.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[A study of lung cancer with presence of pleural effusion at the time of thoracotomy--cytologic evaluation of a relatively small amount of pleural effusion and prognosis after removal].

The cytologic evaluation of a relatively small amount of pleural effusion in lung cancer at the time of thoracotomy has not been previously considered, and prognosis after removal has not been clarified. In order to clarify these points, 99 cases of removed lung cancer with presence of pleural effusion at the time of thoracotomy were examined following cytology. Our study was conducted with regard to the amount and nature of pleural effusion, pleural effusion cytology, tumor development and its relation to prognosis. On the basis of this study a formula was developed relating the occurrence rate of cytologically positive pleural effusion with the development of tumor employing multivariate analysis, specifically the multiple regression analysis. 21% of these cases showed cytologically positive pleural effusion, indicating an absence of its correlation to the amount of pleural effusion; the conducting of cytology regardless of the amount of pleural effusion was found to be significant in determining the precise stage. The occurrence rate of cytologically positive squamous cell carcinoma was significantly few compared with those in other cell types. Regarding the pleural effusion of a relatively small amount, the prognosis after removal showed a relatively high three-year survival rate of 32% for those cases with negative pleural metastasis despite the positive showing of pleural effusion cytology, indicating the viability of surgery. From the occurrence rate of cytologically positive pleural effusion (Y) and the degree of pleural metastasis (X1)/the degree of pleural invasion (X2)/the degree of lymph nodes metastasis (X3), the following formula was obtained employing multiple regression analysis: Y = 0.344X1 + 0.050X2 + 0.034X3 + 0.075 (proportion 0.840).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Effect of adenosine and adenosine analogs on [14C]aminopyrine accumulation by rabbit parietal cells.

Adenosine receptors that modulate adenylate cyclase activity have been identified recently in a number of tissues. Adenosine A2 receptor is stimulatory to adenylate cyclase, whereas adenosine A1 receptor is inhibitory to adenylate cyclase. We investigated the effect of adenosine and its analogs on [14C]aminopyrine accumulation by rabbit parietal cells. Rabbit gastric mucosal cells were isolated by enzyme digestion. Parietal cells were enriched by nonlinear percoll gradients. [14C]Aminopyrine accumulation was used as an indicator of acid secretion. The effect of 2-chloroadenosine on histamine-stimulated [14C]aminopyrine accumulation was studied. The effects of N-ethylcarboxamideadenosine, 2-chloroadenosine, stable analogs of adenosine, and adenosine on [14C]aminopyrine accumulation were assessed. Cyclic AMP content of parietal cells was determined by radioimmunoassay. Histamine and carbachol, known secretagogues, stimulated [14C]aminopyrine accumulation. 2-Chloroadenosine did not suppress histamine-stimulated [14C]aminopyrine accumulation. 2-Chloroadenosine, N-ethylcarboxamideadenosine, and adenosine dose dependently increased [14C]aminopyrine accumulation. The order of potency was N-ethylcarboxamideadenosine greater than 2-chloroadenosine greater than adenosine. 8-Phenyltheophylline and theophylline, adenosine-receptor antagonists, or cimetidine did not have significant effects on the increase of AP uptake induced by 2-chloroadenosine. Coadministration of dipyridamole, and adenosine uptake inhibitor, augmented the effect of adenosine on [14C]aminopyrine accumulation. 2-Chloroadenosine, N-ethylcarboxamideadenosine, and adenosine each induced a significant increase in cellular cyclic AMP. We conclude that there may be adenosine A2 receptors on rabbit parietal cells which modulate gastric acid secretion.

2-Chloroadenosine↗
PubMed1989

Role of superoxide and hydroxyl radicals in rat gastric mucosal injury induced by ethanol.

It has been reported that oxygen-derived free radicals play an important role in the pathogenesis of mucosal injury in the small intestine as well as in the stomach. The aims of this study were to test whether ethanol-induced damage in the rat stomach was prevented by the administration of (1) superoxide dismutase (SOD; a scavenger of superoxide radicals), (2) allopurionol (ALP; an inhibitor of xanthine oxidase), (3) dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO; a scavenger of hydroxyl radicals). SOD significantly decreased the ulcer index from 100 +/- 8.5% (control) to 39.6 +/- 8.2% (P less than 0.001). Ethanol-induced damage was reduced by the administration of ALP by 37.4% (P less than 0.01). DMSO also diminished the ulcer index from 100 +/- 8.5% (control) to 31.6 +/- 5.8% (P less than 0.01). Histochemical studies supported these results. A scanning EM study, however, revealed that surface epithelial cells were not protected by SOD against ethanol-induced damage. These results demonstrated that SOD, ALP and DMSO had the ability to protect gastric mucosa against ethanol-induced injury. Accordingly, oxygen-derived free radicals may be involved in the pathogenesis of ethanol-induced gastric mucosal damage. Surface epithelial cells, however, were not protected even by SOD against ethanol-induced injury.

Allopurinol↗
PubMed1989

Regulation of prostaglandin production in cultured gastric mucosal cells.

The aims of this study were to investigate whether exogenous prostaglandin modulates prostaglandin biosynthesis by cultured gastric mucosal cells, and to clarify the role of cyclic nucleotides in the possible modulation of prostaglandin production. After pretreatment for 30 min with buffer alone (control) or 1 to 100ng/ml PGE2, cells were incubated with 4 uM arachidonic acid for 30 min. Pretreatments with greater than 5ng/ml PGE2 inhibited arachidonate-induced PGE2 and PGI2 production in a dose-dependent fashion, as compared with control, with inhibition by 64 +/- 8% and 75 +/- 4% respectively, at 100ng/ml PGE2. PGE2, at 100ng/ml, significantly increased intracellular cAMP accumulation, but pretreatment with dibutyryl cAMP (0.01-mM) did not alter the amounts of arachidonate-induced PGE2 production. Furthermore, while greater than 10ng/ml PGE2 increased cGMP production dose-dependently, preincubation with dibutyryl cGMP (0.001-0.1mM) also failed to affect PGE2 synthesis significantly. In addition, pretreatment with isobutyl-methyl-xanthine, while increasing accumulation of cellular cyclic nucleotides, did not significantly change PGE2 production. Calcium ionophore A23187-induced PGE2 production was also inhibited by pretreatment with PGE2. These results indicate that exogenous PG inhibits subsequent arachidonate or A23187-induced PG biosynthesis in rat gastric mucosal cells, and suggest the possibility that PG regulates its own biosynthesis via feedback inhibition independent of cyclic nucleotides in these cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Anatomical study of the superior jugular bulb by use of high-resolution computed tomography].

Using high-resolution computed tomography, the relationship between the superior jugular bulb and the tympanic cavity was analysed in 40 subjects. Until now, the superior jugular bulb was thought to lie below the floor of the hypotympanum, however, the following observations were made from this study: 1) In 48 (60%) out of 80 temporal bones (40 cases), the top of the superior jugular bulb was situated in the higher level than the floor of the hypotympanum. 2) In 9 cases, the jugular bulb was separated from the tympanic cavity by only thin bony wall. This finding was noticed on the right side in 8 cases and was bilateral in a case. 3) In 21 cases (52.5%), the right jugular bulb was situated in higher level than the left, and the reverse finding was noticed only in 4 cases (10.0%). The reason why the right jugular bulb is frequently higher than the left was thought to be related to its function. Namely, the jugular bulb is useful to absorb the pulsation of the carotid artery, therefore, it was considered that the anatomical and physiological differences between the right and left carotid arteries induce the asymmetry of the jugular bulbs.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1989

[Evaluation of renal scarring in children with primary VUR by 99mTc-DMSA renoscintigraphy].

Renal scarring in 271 kidneys of 172 children with primary vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) was evaluated by 99mTc-DMSA renoscintigraphy. 58% of refluxing kidneys were with renal scar by the initial DMSA renoscintigraphy. Only 52% of these kidneys showed good correlation between the findings on IVP and DMSA renoscintigram. Of the 144 refluxing kidneys with normal IVP, 41% had renal scarring on DMSA renoscintigram. DMSA renoscintigram revealed widespread renal scarring in 28% of kidneys with only calyceal clubbing and in 60% of those with segmental cortical thinning on IVP. It is realized that IVP was an in-sensitive method to evaluate renal scarring of refluxing kidneys and such kidneys with segmental renal scar on IVP accompanies more widespread scar on DMSA renoscintigram. These cases were allocated to 2 age groups, younger than 3 years and older than 4 years. In the former group less than 10% of kidneys with low grade VUR and about 40% with high grade UVR had widespread renal scarring. On the contrary, in the latter group severe renal scar was recognized in more than 20% of kidneys with low grade VUR and in about 60% with high grade UVR.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Establishment and characterization of a tumor marker producing cell line (JR-1) derived from a gastric scirrhous cancer].

Despite the importance of in vitro study of gastric cancer, the established cell lines derived from human gastric carcinoma are very few. We have recently established a new cell line derived from human gastric cancer which has the ability to produce several tumor markers. This cell line has been designated JR-1. The cancer cells were obtained from the cerebrospinal fluid of a 37 year-old female patient who had metastatic brain tumor of the poorly differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma. The cells were inoculated into the tissue culture flask containing Ham's F-12 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, antibiotics. Within 24 hours, the cells attached to the surface of the flask and started to grow. The first subcultures were performed at 1 week, and subsequent subcultures have been done once a week. This cell line has been maintained for more than 15 months through 60 passages with a stable growth. Chromosome analysis of the cells was performed. The doubling time of the 20th passage was 72 hours. Under phase contrast microscopy, monolayered pavement-like cell arrangement was observed. PAS staining showed intracellular mucin granules. Transmission and scanning electron microscopy revealed spindle-shaped cells with numerous microvilli and fine projections as well as intracellular granules, indicating mucin. Tumor markers produced by this cell line were CEA, CA19-9, TPA and Procollagen III.

Adenocarcinoma, Scirrhous↗
PubMed1989

[Selective brushings for all branches of the bronchi: diagnostic values thereof in patients with roentgenographically occult lung cancer and borderline lesions].

Selective brushings were conducted for all the respective segmental bronchi in both lungs of 105 patients with positive or suspected positive indications of lung cancer as revealed by sputum cytology. As a result, borderline lesions, 16 cases with 18 lesions and lung cancer, 51 cases with 58 lesions, were diagnosed. The percentage of localized lesions was 47.1% for Class III cases, 82.4% for Class IV cases and 100% for Class V cases; on the whole, identification was possible in 62.9% of all the cases. Comparison of the diagnoses made before and after all the branch brushings showed that, after the brushings, the rate of localization increased from 14.7% to 47.1%, and diagnosis of borderline lesions is also possible. Regarding the results obtained at the first examination, the rate of localization increased from 64.1% to 93.9%, and in particular, an improvement from 0% to 88.9% was noted for those cases where bronchoscopic findings had not been obtained. Based on the above results, it was concluded that the application of this brushing method is of value in the following cases: diagnosis of cases otherwise difficult to diagnose, detection of borderline lesions, and diagnosis of concurrent multiple primary lung cancer. In addition, this brushing method has made possible the detection of multiple intraepithelial lesions, leading to a more precise diagnosis of cells of the respiratory system in the near future.

Bronchi↗
PubMed1989

[Postoperative bronchopleural fistula--diagnostic significance of masked cases and results of early re-operation].

We studied recent-day cases of postoperative bronchopleural fistula from 1982 to 1985. And in 1985, postoperative chest X-ray films were intensively compared with previous ones. Radiological signs for bronchopleural fistula and/or alveolar fistula such as increases in air content and/or falls in air-fluid level of pleural space were seen in 11 (7.1%) of 155 pulmonary resection cases in 1985. Among them, 8 of these cases were confirmed as bronchopleural fistulas. So one half of cases with these radiological findings were bronchopleural fistulas. But 2 of these 8 cases were masked bronchopleural fistulas which were not recognizable by bronchofiberscope and soon or later, bronchopleural fistulas developed which were recognizable by bronchofiberscope. For differential diagnosis between the bronchopleural fistula and alveolar fistula, serial chest X-ray films which was compared with previous one, were useful. In masked bronchopleural fistula cases, abnormal findings as mentioned above were seen more than three times, but in alveolar fistula cases were seen less than two times. On the bronchoscopic examination, bronchopleural fistulas were mainly located at the side of the residual lobe on the stump. Bronchopleural fistula cases which were re-operated for re-amputation, re-suture, and coverage of the stump within 48 hours, were all cured. So we concluded early re-operation is the best choice for bronchopleural fistula patient, because of short administration, no cosmetical problems and no disadvantage for lung function.

Bronchial Fistula↗