ABO-incompatible living kidney donor transplantation: results and immunological aspects.
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ABO Blood-Group System↗
Biomedical subjects
S Oshima
Publications and source records attributed to S Oshima.
FK 506: long-term study in kidney transplantation. Japanese FK 506 Study Group.
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Adult↗
Primary mesenteric tumor of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma: report of a case.
A rare case of primary mesenteric tumor of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is reported. A 64-year-old man was admitted to our hospital after the diagnosis of a palpable ileocecal tumor. Although the serologic test for human T-cell lymphotrophic virus type I (HTLV-I) antibody was positive, neither ATLL cells in the peripheral blood nor systemic lymphadenopathy were observed. At laparotomy, the tumor was histopathologically revealed to be ATLL, and was also found to be restricted to the mesentery. An immunohistochemical examination of the tumor tissue using a specific monoclonal antibody was positive for CD2 and CD4, and negative for CD8. Proviral genome integration in the tumor cells was found by Southern blotting using a 32P-labeled HTLV-I probe with EcoRI and PstI digestion. Combination chemotherapy including cyclophosphamide, Adriamycin, vincristine, and prednisolone was begun postoperatively, but the patient did not respond to therapy. Up to now, only two cases of ATLL originating primarily in the abdominal cavity have been reported. These cases all demonstrate the need to consider the possibility of a primary ATLL mesenteric tumor without leukemic manifestation in the peripheral blood.
Antigens, CD↗
The contribution of mesangial cell collagen synthesis to the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy.
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Animals↗
Plasma lipoprotein (a) levels and fibrinolytic activity in acute myocardial infarction.
To evaluate the effects of lipoprotein (a) [Lp (a)] on the fibrinolytic system in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) who underwent thrombolytic therapy with recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator, we examined serial changes in plasma levels of Lp (a), plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI) activity, alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor-plasmin complex (PIC) and thrombin antithrombin III complex (TAT) in venous plasma samples from 25 patients with AMI for 3 weeks. Plasma Lp (a) levels were significantly increased 5, 7, and 14 days after admission and tended to decrease by the 21st day. On the other hand, the ratio of PIC/TAT was significantly increased on the 7th day and remained high for 3 weeks (p < 0.01), while plasma PAI activity was significantly decreased on the 5th day after admission (p < 0.01). Thus, plasma fibrinolytic function is impaired in the early phase after AMI, and gradually improves over the course of 3 weeks. The increase in plasma Lp (a) levels is, therefore, not accompanied by a significant decrease in plasma fibrinolytic function in patients with AMI.
Aged↗
Effects of KB-5492, a new anti-ulcer agent, on ethanol- and acidified aspirin-induced gastric mucosal damage in vivo and in vitro.
The effects of KB-5492, a new anti-ulcer agent with selective affinity for the sigma receptor, on ethanol- and acidified aspirin-induced gastric mucosal damage were studied in vivo and in vitro and compared with those of 16,16-dimethyl prostaglandin E2 (dmPGE2). In the in vivo study, KB-5492 (200 mg/kg, p.o.) as well as dmPGE2 (0.01 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly prevented the acute macroscopic lesions in rat gastric mucosa induced by oral administration of either absolute ethanol or 80 mM aspirin in 150 mM HCl. The light microscopic examination revealed that KB-5492 almost completely prevented the deep mucosal lesions induced by these necrotizing agents. KB-5492 also prevented the exfoliation of surface epithelial cells, but its preventive effect was incomplete. In the in vitro study, gastric epithelial cells, isolated from the rat stomach, were cultured for 6 days until they reached confluency. Subsequently, 51Cr was incorporated into the cells. Both 10 mM aspirin (at pH 5.0) and 12.5% ethanol (at pH 7.4) induced damage to the cells and markedly increased 51Cr release from the cells. KB-5492 at 0.3 and 1 mM and dmPGE2 at 0.3 and 1 microM significantly, but not completely, prevented both the aspirin- and ethanol-induced increases in 51Cr release from the cells. These findings indicate that KB-5492 as well as dmPGE2 may exert a direct but limited protective effect on the surface epithelial cells in vivo.
16,16-Dimethylprostaglandin E2↗
Effects of KB-5492, a new anti-ulcer agent with a selective affinity for the sigma-receptor, on aspirin-induced disruption of the rat gastric mucosal barrier.
The effect of KB-5492, a new anti-ulcer agent with a selective affinity for the sigma-receptor, on aspirin-induced disruption of the gastric mucosal barrier was studied in rats. Intragastric instillation of aspirin at 200 mg/kg rapidly decreased the gastric transmucosal potential difference (PD) in anesthetized rats. The PD recovered gradually following the removal of aspirin from the instillation solution. Aspirin, administered orally at 200 mg/kg, also reduced the amount of gastric covering mucus and induced a decrease in gastric H+ concentration and an increase in gastric Na+ concentration in pylorus-ligated rats. KB-5492, administered intraduodenally at 200 mg/kg, significantly prevented the aspirin-induced decrease in PD and accelerated the recovery of PD. In addition, KB-5492 at 200 mg/kg significantly prevented the reduction of gastric covering mucus, the decrease in gastric H+ concentration and the increase in gastric Na+ concentration induced by aspirin. These effects were similar to those of 0.01 mg/kg of 16,16-dimethyl prostaglandin E2 (dmPGE2). Teprenone at 200 mg/kg did not show any effect except for the inhibitory effects on the changes in gastric H+ and Na+ concentration. In the histological study, marked reduction of PAS-positive epithelial mucus and the exfoliation of surface epithelial cells were observed in the gastric mucosa exposed to aspirin. KB-5492 and dmPGE2 almost completely prevented the former, whereas both drugs prevented the latter incompletely. These findings indicate that KB-5492 protects the gastric mucosal barrier against the disruption by aspirin, which may be mainly exerted by retention of the gastric covering mucus.
16,16-Dimethylprostaglandin E2↗
Hemolytic uremic syndrome without hemolytic anemia: a case report.
Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is characterized by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia and acute renal failure. Most cases of HUS are caused by E. coli O157:H7 verotoxin. In the case reported here, diarrhea continued for twenty days after an E. coli 0157:H7 infection and was followed by acute renal failure and thrombocytopenia. Examination of percutaneous renal biopsy tissue showed typical HUS findings, e.g., mesangiolysis in glomeruli and thickening of capillary walls with prominent double outlines, but there was no indication of hemolytic anemia. LDH and haptoglobin, indications of hemolytic anemia, were in the normal range throughout the patient's clinical course. The patient's red blood cells had P1 antigen, which reportedly provides protection by adsorption of toxin into the red blood cells thereby preventing or limiting toxic damage to other organs. Therefore, we assumed that because of the expression of P1 antigen in this patient, the kidneys were not severely damaged and microangiopathic hemolytic anemia was thereby avoided.
Acute Kidney Injury↗
[A case report of light and heavy chain deposition disease (IgG2 lambda)].
A 73-year-old male was admitted to the renal division of our hospital because of hypertension, proteinuria and bilateral pretibial edema. Eight years previously, he was diagnosed as being afflicted with interstitial pneumonia on the basis of a chest X-ray examination. Laboratory tests conducted during the current admission showed normocytic normochromic anemia, renal dysfunction and mild proteinuria. Total IgG was normal, but a high proportion of IgG2 was observed. M-protein in the serum was positive for both IgG lambda and Bence Jones protein (lambda type). A bone marrow biopsy showed the proportion of plasma cells to be 10.6%, but atypical cells were not found. We diagnosed the patient's condition as plasma cell dyscrasia. Light microscopy examination of a renal biopsy specimen showed moderate mesangial proliferation with a deposition of PAS-positive and Congo red negative materials in the mesangial area: nodular gomerulonephritis was seen in some glomeruli. Immunofluorescence revealed IgG and lambda light chains, strong linear staining along the glomerular basement membrane and tubular basement membrane and positivity in the mesangial area. Results of staining for IgA, IgM, fibrinogen and C3 were weakly positive in the mesangium area, while those for C4, Clq and free kappa were negative. Positive staining of IgG2 was seen by immunoperoxidase study, but the tissue was negative for IgG1, IgG3, IgG4. Electron microscopy demonstrated a dense granular deposition in the mesangial, subendothelial and peritubular area and a microfibrillar structure in the mesangial area. The diameter of the microfibrillar structure was 14 nm on the average.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Aged↗
[Hypocomplementemia].
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Complement Activation↗
Effects of aspirin DL-lysine on thrombin generation in unstable angina pectoris.
To evaluate the effects of aspirin on thrombin generation in patients with unstable angina, plasma levels of thrombin-antithrombin III complex (TAT) as a new marker of thrombin generation and of 11-dehydro-thromboxane B2 (11-dehydro-TXB2) as an indicator of platelet activation were measured in 18 patients with unstable angina, including 8 patients with prolonged rest angina (> 15 minutes). Aspirin DL-lysine (900 mg) was administered intravenously to 9 of the 18 patients (aspirin group); the other 9 were not given aspirin during the first 24 hours of hospitalization (non-aspirin group). Clinical characteristics, angiographic features and medications other than aspirin were similar between the 2 groups. Levels of plasma TAT and 11-dehydro-TXB2 were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in patients with prolonged rest angina than in those without the condition (n = 10). In 5 patients with prolonged rest angina who received aspirin, plasma TAT levels (ng/ml) were significantly decreased (4.52 +/- 1.18 at baseline, 2.50 +/- 0.65 at 1 hour and 2.16 +/- 0.42 at 24 hours after aspirin administration, p < 0.01) with a significant decrease in plasma 11-dehydro-TXB2 levels. However, the reduction in TAT after aspirin administration was slight in patients without prolonged rest angina (n = 4). In contrast, levels of plasma TAT and 11-dehydro-TXB2 in the non-aspirin group remained unchanged during the study period. These results suggest that aspirin rapidly reduces thrombin generation through inhibition of platelet activity in patients with unstable angina with prolonged rest angina.
Aged↗
The solitary cutaneous metastasis of asymptomatic colon cancer to an operative scar.
Although umbilical or cutaneous metastases from asymptomatic internal malignancies are occasionally documented, the literature contains no report of a solitary cutaneous metastasis to an old operative scar from an asymptomatic internal malignancy. A rare case of colonic cancer presenting as a solitary subcutaneous metastasis to a lower abdominal scar resulting from an open prostatectomy is described in this communication. It was impossible to distinguish this subcutaneous metastasis from a pyogenic granuloma caused by residual sutures without histological evidence. Thus, a granuloma that persists despite repeated treatment may be a possible sign of asymptomatic internal malignancy.
Adenocarcinoma↗
A case of Sjögren's syndrome complicating immune-mediated aplastic anaemia.
A 78-year-old Japanese woman with Sjögren's syndrome complicating immune-mediated aplastic anaemia is described. A diagnosis of aplastic anaemia was made from severe pancytopenia with hypoplastic marrow. Laboratory studies suggested an association of bone marrow suppressive T-lymphocytes with the pathogenesis of aplastic anaemia. Following the administration of mepithiostan and prednisolone, pancytopenia improved gradually. Two years after the onset of aplastic anaemia, Raynaud's phenomenon developed and examinations revealed the existence of keratoconjunctivitis sicca and anti-SSA/Ro and anti-SSB/La antibodies.
Aged↗
Expression of group-II phospholipase A2 in malignant and non-malignant human gastric mucosa.
The expression of Group-II phospholipase A2 (M-PLA2) was analysed immunohistochemically in malignant, non-malignant (including atrophic, hyperplastic, pseudopyloric metaplastic and intestinal metaplastic) and normal human gastric mucosae. M-PLA2 was consistently detected in the stem cell lineage, pseudopyloric metaplasia and the generative cells of hyperplastic foveolar epithelium and intestinal metaplasia (IM). In IM, the appearance of M-PLA2 was found to be closely related to the degree of development of the brush borders on columnar cells and was especially prominent at dense brush borders. Paneth cells of IM, particularly their secretory products, were strongly immunoreactive for M-PLA2. In gastric cancer, the expression of M-PLA2 was detected exclusively in cancer cells with a low grade of differentiation, and seemed to be intensified in the invading zone of the tumour. These observations suggest that the expression of M-PLA2 is associated with the proliferative kinetics and regeneration of human gastric mucosa, and may indicate a physiological relationship between its expression and metaplasia of small intestinal type. Moreover, the appearance of M-PLA2 may be related to the invasive ability of gastric cancer.
Adult↗
Serial changes in renal function during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Intraoperative serial changes in systemic hemodynamic parameters and in the results of renal function tests were studied in 7 patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LAP) in which intra-abdominal pressure was maintained at 12 mm Hg, and in 7 patients who underwent minilaparotomy cholecystectomy (MINI). No significant changes were observed in the parameters in the MINI group during the operation. However, urine output, effective renal plasma flow and glomerular filtration rate in the LAP group were decreased 60 min after initiation of pneumoperitoneum.
Adult↗
Inhibitory effect of beta-carotene and astaxanthin on photosensitized oxidation of phospholipid bilayers.
Large unilamellar liposomes comprising of egg yolk phosphatidylcholine (PC) was exposed to photoirradiation in the presence of methylene blue (water-soluble photosensitizer) or 12-(1-pyrene)dodecanoic acid (P-12, lipid-soluble photosensitizer) to estimate the inhibitory effect of beta-carotene and astaxanthin on photosensitized oxidation of phospholipid bilayers. Without sensitizers, astaxanthin decreased much slower than beta-carotene and other hydrocarbon carotenoids (lycopene, alpha-carotene). Astaxanthin lasted longer than beta-carotene even in the presence of methylene blue or P-12. Decrease of astaxanthin was also much slower than that of beta-carotene when egg yolk PC was replaced by dimyristoyl PC. However, inhibitory effect of astaxanthin was lower than beta-carotene in the case of P-12 sensitized photooxidation. These results suggest that effectiveness of carotenoids as antioxidants on photosensitized oxidation (Type II) in phospholipid bilayers depends on the site of singlet oxygen to be generated, as well as their stability on photoirradiation.
Carotenoids↗
Tetronothiodin, a novel cholecystokinin type-B receptor antagonist produced by Streptomyces sp. NR0489. I. Taxonomy, yield improvement and fermentation.
Streptomyces sp. NR0489 produces tetronothiodin, a novel brain-type cholecystokinin receptor antagonist. This species was differentiated from its related species S. gelaticus, S. griseolus and S. hydrogenans on the basis of their cultural characteristics, such as the utilization of carbohydrates and the presence or absence of various enzymatic activities. We applied the DNA-DNA hybridization method using photobiotin, which proved the genetic difference between the four species mentioned above. The yield improvement effort including single colony isolation, mutation, and protoplast regeneration together with medium optimization resulted in more than an 81-fold increase of the productivity of tetronothiodin as compared to that of the wild type strain.
DNA↗
ANCA associated vasculitis allergica cutis (VAC) and mild proliferative necrotizing glomerulonephritis.
We report here the case of a 69-year-old male with vasculitis allergica cutis (VAC) accompanied by a nephrotic syndrome associated with serum perinuclear-staining anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (P-ANCA). Renal biopsy specimens showed mild proliferative glomerulonephritis with crescentic and necrotizing lesion in the glomeruli, while lesional skin biopsy specimens showed leukocytoclastic vasculitis in the deep dermis. Pauci-immune deposits were evident (deposits of immunoglobulins and complements were absent) by immunofluorescence microscopy in both tissues. The appearance of weakly positive P-ANCA associated with skin lesions and renal dysfunction occurred twice in this patient. Following corticosteroid administration, renal dysfunction was remarkably diminished and proteinuria decreased. P-ANCA titer were decreased, reaching the normal level. ANCA associated glomerulonephritis complicated by VAC has not been reported previously. In the present case, the vasculitis cutis and glomerulonephritis is assumed to be associated with the appearance of weakly positive P-ANCA.
Aged↗