Glutathione and detoxification.
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
S Oriana
Publications and source records attributed to S Oriana.
Clinical response and survival according to estrogen receptor levels after bilateral ovariectomy in advanced breast cancer.
Estrogen receptor levels were determined at the time of ovariectomy in 71 premenopausal women with advanced breast cancer. Three groups of estrogen receptor concentration were established: less than 10 fmol/mg cytosol protein (group 1), between 10 and 25 fmol/mg cytosol protein (group 2), and more than 25 fmol/mg cytosol protein (group 3). The frequency of clinical response to ovariectomy was low in group 1 (17.4%), high in group 3 (79.4%), and intermediate in group 2 (35.7%). Median survival was poor in group 1 (18.5 months) and better in groups 2 (33.0 months) and 3 (32.5 months). These results were independent of disease stage and neoplastic localization.
Adult↗
Complete remission after ovariectomy for advanced breast cancer correlated with estrogen receptor status and urinary androgen excretion.
Our previous work showed urinary androgen excretion (A) as well as estrogen receptor (ER) to predict clinical response and survival after ovariectomy for advanced breast cancer. We here compare the complete responders with the partial responders to ovariectomy. The likelihood of CR (55% of responders) rather than PR was not strongly dependent on the location of metastases or on the ER/A status (though as noted previously there were no responses at all in the ER-/A- group), but CR did appear to increase survival.
Androgens↗
A preliminary clinical experience with reduced glutathione as protector against cisplatin-toxicity.
A total of 16 consecutive patients (15 with ovarian cancer and 1 with unknown adenocarcinoma) were treated with a standard regimen including cisplatin and cyclophosphamide or with the same regimen in combination with reduced glutathione as potential protective agent against cisplatin nephrotoxicity, in a non-randomized study. Reduced glutathione (1500 mg/m2) was administered prior to each cisplatin administration (90 mg/m2) to seven patients for a maximum of five consecutive courses. A standard hydration protocol without diuretics was used. The patients received a total of 33 courses with glutathione. Glutathione was well tolerated, since it did not produce appreciable side effects. Cisplatin and glutathione combination did not produce unexpected toxicity. Two patients treated with standard regimen without glutathione developed a transient nephrotoxicity. The severity of myelosuppression was reduced following glutathione administration. Moreover, the therapeutic efficacy was not impaired by glutathione pretreatment.
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
Urinary androgens and tumor estrogen receptor as predictors of ovariectomy response and of survival in advanced breast cancer.
Estrogen receptor (ER) status and urinary androgen (A) concentration were simultaneously determined in 50 premenopausal patients submitted to bilateral ovariectomy for advanced carcinoma of the breast. When both the hormonal parameters were positive (ER+ A+), the response to castration was favorable in 87.5% of the cases, with a survival rate of 39% at 5 years. No patient responded to the therapy when both the parameters were negative (ER- A-); none of them was alive at 5 years. An intermediate response (more than 50%) and survival rate at 5 years (more than 20%) was obtained in the group of patients with at least one of the two parameters positive (ER+ A-, or ER- A+). These responses were independent of the topography of neoplastic localizations and the length of the disease-free interval.
Adult↗
Correlation between estrogen receptor levels and clinical response to ovariectomy in premenopausal women with advanced breast cancer.
From 1974 to 1980, according to a controlled clinical trial, 66 premenopausal women with advanced breast cancer underwent bilateral ovariectomy (BO). Of the hormonal parameters evaluated, the present study deals with estrogen receptors (ER). The relation between the presence or the absence of ER and clinical response was evaluated, without considering their concentration in neoplastic tissue. The response was evaluated in relation to threshold values of 5 fmol/mg protein (considered at the time of the study the cut-off value of negativity and positivity) and 10 fmol/mg protein (recently found to be a more accurate cut-off value). The results of BO in relation to different receptor status showed an analogous response. Furthermore, the higher the receptor concentration, the better the response to BO, especially when the concentration was higher than 25 fmol/mg protein.
Breast Neoplasms↗
Hormone steroid receptor variation after tamoxifen administration in endometrial adenocarcinoma from postmenopausal patients.
Cytoplasmic and nuclear variations of estrogen (ER) and progesterone receptors (PgR) induced by tamoxifen (TAM) treatment were investigated in 38 postmenopausal women with endometrial carcinoma. The treatment consisted of a daily oral administration of 40 mg for 7 days. Tumor samples from each patient were withdrawn before TAM administration under hysteroscopy and at the time of hysterectomy. Cytoplasmic and nuclear receptors were respectively determined by the dextran-coated charcoal assay and the hydroxylapatite technique. In the cytoplasmic fraction no significant change in mean ER value was observed, but a statistically significant increase in PgR was found (P less than 0.001). Conversely, in the nuclear fraction PgR did not vary, but a significant increase in ER content (P less than 0.001) was observed. PgR, analyzed by sucrose density gradient after TAM, showed the same sedimentation property (9 S) as the preexisting receptor, but with a single peak profile, indicating a lower heterogeneity. Our data support the hypothesis that the mechanism of PgR synthesis is induced by the ER-TAM complex and suggest the possibility of increasing the PgR content in these patients for sequential endocrine therapy.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Prognostic evaluation of estrogen receptors and urinary androgens in ovariectomy for advanced breast cancer.
Eighty patients with advanced breast cancer were characterized by estrogen receptor (ER) status and by urine androgen (A) metabolites. After ovariectomy, patients with positive hormonal parameters were treated with hormonal therapy and patients with negative parameters were treated with chemotherapy. The results of the follow-up confirm that the survival is higher in patients with positive hormonal parameters (ER+, A+). In this group, the patients with increased urine androgen excretion (i.e. A+) apparently had a better long-term survival than ER+ cases.
Androgens↗
Hormonal and receptor status in postmenopausal women with endometrial carcinoma before and after treatment with tamoxifen.
Twenty-four patients with endometrial carcinoma received tamoxifen (Nolvadex) for 7 days. Before and after administration, circulating hormones (estradiol, testosterone, progesterone, gonadotropins FSH and LH) were evaluated. Estrogen (ER) and progesterone receptors (PgR) in neoplastic tissue were also assayed. Our results show a net increase in PgR content and a significant decrease in gonadotropin levels after the treatment. The authors suggest that clinical trials be conducted using tamoxifen and progestins for adjuvant therapy after surgery of endometrial carcinoma and for the therapeutic approach of advanced carcinoma.
Carcinoma↗
Long-term response to ovariectomy in 35 premenopausal patients with advanced breast cancer, treated in coherence with hormonal tests.
Thirty-five premenopausal patients with metastasized or locally advanced breast cancer underwent ovariectomy. At relapse, after surgery, they were treated with hormone therapy or chemotherapy, according to hormonal tests carried out before the castration. Five-year survival, computed with the actuarial method, confirmed the better prognosis of the hormone-dependent patients and also an improved prognosis in the patients treated with hormone therapy after ovariectomy. Furthermore, chemotherapy proved more efficacious: an increased survival was observed in the non-hormone-dependent patients.
Androstane-3,17-diol↗
Oophorectomy in advanced breast cancer: clinical radiologic correlations.
The radiograms of the chest and skeleton of 49 patients with advanced breast cancer treated with bilateral ovariectomy were reviewed. The modifications in the secondary localizations and/or their appearance after castration were compared with the findings of the clinical examination. Appearance or progression of intrathoracic lesions, like the appearance or progression of osteolytic lesions, corresponded to a progression of the disease in other sites. Osteoblastic evolution of osteolytic lesions and the appearance of osteoblastic lesions in bones undamaged before ovariectomy were signs of a favorable response to therapy. The response of chest and bone metastases is usually rather early, and the first radiographic survey should be performed about 3 months after ovariectomy.
Bone Neoplasms↗
Clinical response to chemotherapy and hormone therapy as first treatment after therapeutic ovariectomy in advanced breast cancer patients.
The results of chemotherapy and hormone therapy, administered after relapse of the disease, were evaluated in 106 patients with homogeneous clinical characteristics who were subjected to bilateral ovariectomy for advanced breast cancer, whether the response to castration was favorable or not. In spite of an unfavorable response to the ovariectomy, 40.0% of the patients responded to hormone therapy, whereas 32.5% of the cases did not benefit from the successive hormone therapy, although they had responded to ovariectomy. The contrast, 65%, after favorably responding to ovariectomy, showed regression of the neoplasm after chemotherapy for the relapse. This apparent discordance of the results could be due to the fact that response to castration is not the only valid parameter to identify hormone dependence of a breast cancer and/or that the breast cancer is composed, in various proportions, of hormone-sensitive and chemo-sensitive cells. The predominance of one of these 2 components could determine the response of the neoplasm to therapy. The authors conclude that a more extensive and accurate hormone typing of the patient could give more precise indications for the appropriate therapy.
Adult↗
Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma.
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Adolescent↗
Bilateral ovariectomy in premenopausal patients with advanced breast cancer, after the evaluation of estrogen receptors and urinary androgen excretion.
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Adult↗
[Effect of ovariectomy on bone metastases of breast cancer: analysis of radiographic pictures].
The radiograms of the skeleton of 41 patients with advanced breast cancer treated with bilateral ovariectomy were reviewed. The modifications in the secondary localizations and/or their appearance after castration were compared with the findings of the clinical examination. Appearance and progression of osteolytic lesions, corresponded to a clinical progression of the disease. Osteoblastic evolution of osteolytic lesions and the appearance of osteoblastic lesions in bones undamaged before ovariectomy were signs of a favorable response to therapy.
Bone Neoplasms↗
A case of hyperthyroidism due to metastasis of a thyroid carcinoma.
A case of hyperthyroidism, which developed in a patient affected by thyroid carcinoma a few days after thyroidectomy, is described. The symptomatology was caused by a bone metastasis at the left ischiopubic branch, which had a high iodine-uptake capacity and was sensitive to metabolic radiotherapy. Pulmonary metastases were also present; they had a distinct low affinity for iodine and showed no response to repeated administrations of 131I. The case is evaluated on the basis of the evolution of the clinical picture and the hormone dosages administered in a follow-up period of 3 years.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Topography and clinical characteristics of malignant tumors of the urachus.
Nine patients with urachal tumors have been reevaluated. There were 5 men and 4 women, whose ages ranged from 6 to 72 years. Surgery was performed in 4 cases, radiotherapy was used in 2 cases, and the remaining 3 cases were judged to be beyond therapeutic help. Three years after treatment, also all cases subjected to therapy were dead. The diagnostic delay, the inadequacy of treatment, and therefore the absolutely unfavorable prognosis of these tumors are discussed.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Correlation between clinical response to bilateral oophorectomy, estrogen receptors and urinary androgen excretion in 49 patients with advanced breast cancer.
The aim of this study was to find out if it is possible to predict the clinical response to bilateral oophorectomy in premenopausal patients with advanced breast cancer. Two methods of determination were used before oophorectomy: 1) the presence of estrogen receptors in the tumor tissue; 2) the urinary concentration of androgens. The clinical response to oophorectomy was evaluated after a six-month follow-up. Determinations carried out on 49 patients showed that a significant correlation exists between clinical response to oophorectomy and androgenic activity alone or in combination with estrogen receptors when both tests give concordant results.
Adult↗