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Biomedical subjects

S Onodera

Publications and source records attributed to S Onodera.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Olivary projections from the pretectal region in the cat studied with horseradish peroxidase and tritiated amino acids axonal transport.

The organization of the projection from the pretectal region to the inferior olive in the cat was studied with autoradiographic and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) methods. After injections of HRP into the olive in six cats, cells were labeled ipsilaterally in the anterior pretectal nucleus (NPA), the posterior pretectal nucleus (NPP), the nucleus of the optic tract (NOT), and the dorsal terminal nucleus of the accessory optic tract (DTN). In three experiments, tritiated amino acids were injected into those parts of the pretectal region which contained labeled cells in the HRP experiments, and the projections to the olive were plotted. Both NPA and NPP projected to the rostral half of the dorsal accessory olive, the rostromedial margin of the ventral lamella, and the lateral part of the ventrolateral outgrowth. NOT projected to the caudal half of the dorsal cap, while DTN projected to both the dorsal cap and nucleus beta. The projections are entirely ipsilateral.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1984

[Effects of oral etoposide in small cell carcinoma of the lung].

Eleven patients with small cell carcinoma of the lung were treated with 120 mg/m2/day of Etoposide (VP-16-213) given orally for 5 days every 3 or 4 weeks. One of these eleven achieved complete response and two partial response. The response characteristically occurred within one or two courses of therapy, but the duration of the effect was short with relapse after 10 to 54 days (mean 23 days). It is concluded that Etoposide is an effective agent in treating small cell carcinoma of the lung, but of limited values when used as a single agent. This drug may be useful in combination chemotherapy regimens.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1984

[1, 0 lattice spacing of skeletal muscle during postnatal growth in mice].

1, 0 lattice spacing of extensor digitorum longus muscles of mice (ICR) during growth (2-12 weeks) were measured in situ by X-ray diffraction method. 1, 0 lattice spacing of EDL was 35.4 +/- 0.27 (mean +/- SD, N = 33) nm. No significant difference between spacings in EDL's of each aged mice was observed.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[A case of allergic granulomatous prostatitis].

This is a case report of allergic granulomatous prostatitis and its systemic dissemination. A 45-year-old male visited our hospital with initial symptoms of dysuria, pollakiuria and fever on February 19, 1980. Thereafter, a painless abscess in his left cheek and hard swelling of his right parotid gland appeared. He was hospitalized on March 11 because of hearing difficulties and congestion in the conjunctiva. Physical examination revealed no abnormalities in the chest or abdomen, but a proctological examination showed stone-like hardness of the prostate gland which was the size of a hen's egg. Laboratory findings indicated peripheral eosinophilia and immunoglobulinemia. X-rays showed multiple coin lesions in the chest and multiple cystic changes in the spleen. Biopsies of the cheek lesion and prostate showed eosinophilic granulation accompanied by fibrinoid necrosis and vasculitis. When steroid administration was started, his symptoms and signs showed dramatic but temporary improvement. The allergic lesions then gradually progressed and resisted the steroid therapy. He died on March 13, 1982. In 1972, Towfighi et al. presented 31 cases of nonspecific granulomatous prostatitis with a comprehensive review of the literature. They stated that eosinophilic granulomatous prostatitis with both fibrinoid necrosis and vasculitis caused systemic disease with a poor prognosis. Since the pathological findings in our case showed eosinophilic granulation with fibrinoid necrosis and vasculitis, it was a very rare case of the systemic type of eosinophilic granulomatous prostatitis experienced by Towfighi et al.

Dexamethasone↗
PubMed1983

Schwann cell basal lamina and nerve regeneration.

Nerve segments approximately 7 mm long were excised from the predegenerated sciatic nerves of mice, and treated 5 times by repetitive freezing and thawing to kill the Schwann cells. Such treated nerve segments were grafted into the original places so as to be in contact with the proximal stumps. The animals were sacrificed 1, 2, 3, 5, 7 and 10 days after the grafting. The grafts were examined by electron microscopy in the middle part of the graft, i.e. 3-4 mm distal to the proximal end and/or near the proximal and distal ends of the graft. In other instances, the predegenerated nerve segments were minced with a razor blade after repetitive freezing and thawing. Such minced nerves were placed in contact with the proximal stumps of the same nerves. The animals were sacrificed 10 days after the grafting. Within 1-2 days after grafting, the dead Schwann cells had disintegrated into fragments. They were then gradually phagocytosed by macrophages. The basal laminae of Schwann cells, which were not attacked by macrophages, remained as empty tubes (basal lamina scaffolds). In the grafts we examined, no Schwann cells survived the freezing and thawing process. The regenerating axons always grew out through such basal lamina scaffolds, being in contact with the inner surface of the basal lamina (i.e. the side originally facing the Schwann cell plasma membrane). No axons were found outside of the scaffolds. One to two days after grafting, the regenerating axons were not associated with Schwann cells, but after 5-7 days they were accompanied by Schwann cells which were presumed to be migrating along axons from the proximal stumps. Ten days after grafting, proliferating Schwann cells observed in the middle part of the grafts had begun to sort out axons. In the grafts of minced nerves, the fragmented basal laminae of the Schwann cells re-arranged themselves into thicker strands or small aggregations of basal laminae. The regenerating axons, without exception, attached to one side of such modified basal laminae. Collagen fibrils were in contact with the other side, indicating that these modified basal laminae had the same polarity in terms of cell attachment as seen in the ordinary basal laminae of the scaffolds.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1983

An antigen/antibody system specific for an epidemic non-A, non-B hepatitis in patients of a cardiovascular surgical unit.

The antigen/antibody systems specific for non-A, non-B hepatitis (NANB) were studied using urine samples as the antigen source and sera for the antibody source. Two immunologically distinct systems, SO-antigen/anti-SO and MI-antigen/anti-MI were discovered. This paper deals chiefly with the characterization of the SO-antigen, which was associated with an epidemic-type non-A, non-B hepatitis found during September 1979 to February 1980 (first outbreak) and October 1980 to January 1981 (second outbreak) in the Cardiovascular Surgical Unit of Tohoku University Hospital. All patients who developed non-A, non-B hepatitis during the first and second epidemic periods had SO-antigen in their urine (24 out of 24). After the epidemic, however, the detection rate of SO-antigen gradually decreased among patients in the same unit, although posttransfusion non-A, non-B hepatitis continued to be found. The final detection of SO-antigen occurred at or just after the elevation of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels during the episode of hepatitis and persisted in most cases throughout the elevated period. Anti-SO antibody was detected relatively late (eight months after blood transfusion, in most cases) and apparently persisted longer than five years. The immunological and physicochemical properties of SO-antigen were also studied. It appeared to be neither a plasma protein nor a liver tissue component when the cross-reactivity of SO-antigen was examined by the immunodiffusion method. Absorption with insolubilized human serum and liver tissues failed to affect the anti-SO antibody activity. The molecular weight of SO-antigen was estimated to be 250,000, the sedimentation coefficient to be 11.0 S, and the buoyant density in CsCl to be 1.215 g/cm3. Electron microscopy showed that the SO-antigen corresponded with uniform particles with a mean diameter of 11 nm. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) analysis of SO-antigen revealed only a single protein band corresponding to molecular weight 38,000.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1983

Deposition of sprayed particles in the nasal cavity.

Therapeutic effects of topically applied steroids is closely related to the deposition of sprayed particles. To clarify deposition in the nasal cavity, model experiments were undertaken using the gas and powder sprays. Deposits on the moistened filter paper which covered the surface of a nose model were assessed by absorbance of the extracts. The influence of the shape and the effect of continuous suction from the posterior outlet were also studied. When the nasal cavity was kept straight without any abnormal protrusions, the gas spray deposited more than 90% of particles. The amount was significantly lowered in the model of a concave septum with hypertrophic turbinates. The powder spray deposited approximately 75% of the original dose. This amount was more than 90% of actually sprayed particles because some loss was inevitable in spraying the powder. In general, the shape of the cavity more affected the deposition of the gas spray than the powder spray. This difference was probably due to the spray angle and to the size and speed of the aerosol particles. It was concluded that the powder spray was preferable to the gas spray with regard to the deposition in the nasal cavity.

Administration, Intranasal↗
PubMed1983

Effects of oxygen breathing on pulmonary vascular input impedance in patients with pulmonary hypertension.

The effect of oxygen breathing on the stiffness of the large pulmonary artery has not been elucidated. We analyzed the proximal pulmonary arterial impedance with a multisensor catheter in ten patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), eight patients with pulmonary venous hypertension, and six control subjects. The stiffness of the vessel was quantified by the characteristic impedance (Zo) and compared with the plasma norepinephrine level. Ten minutes of high-oxygen breathing decreased the Zo (from 78 +/- 18 to 57 +/- 14 dynes.sec.cm-5, p less than 0.01) and pulmonary arterial resistance in all the cases with PAH. In this group, norepinephrine also decreased (from 381 +/- 89 to 319 +/- 77 pg/ml, p less than 0.01) following the correction of hypoxemia. Yet, those parameters did not change in the other two groups. These results indicate that in patients with PAH, oxygen breathing can reduce the stiffness of the main pulmonary artery because of the sympatholytic effect.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1983

[Effects of methysergide on pulmonary circulation].

The effects of methysergide (a serotonin antagonist) on the pulmonary circulation were investigated experimentally. Twenty-eight mongrel dogs were anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital, and thoracotomy was carried out. A micro-tip pressure transducer was inserted into the pulmonary trunk and an electromagnetic flow probe was placed around it. Aortic and left atrial pressure were also measured. Three different doses (100, 250 and 1000 micrograms/kg) of methysergide and a dose of 3 micrograms/kg of serotonin were infused rapidly into the right atrium through a catheter inserted transvenously. Then, all parameters were continuously recorded. Furthermore, moduli of pulmonary vascular input impedance were calculated from pulmonary pressure and flow waves by means of Fourier analysis. The administration of each dose of methysergide resulted in an increase in pulmonary arterial pressure and resistance and a decrease in heart rate. With the highest dose of methysergide, the aortic pressure was decreased moderately. No increase in pulmonary vascular resistance was observed even after serotonin administration under the treatment with methysergide(1000 micrograms/kg). Although the characteristic impedance did not change significantly with methysergide, the impedance modulus at 0-frequency and low frequencies increased slightly in magnitude. The shift of the frequency of the impedance minimum was slight in comparison with the case of serotonin. These findings were similar to those obtained with serotonin, in general, The results have shown that methysergide produces serotonin-like effects on the pulmonary circulation, and have suggested that it may stimulate serotonin receptors in the pulmonary vascular smooth muscles as a partial agonist. It is desirable that serotonin antagonist have little effect by itself on the pulmonary circulation, in order to determine the role of serotonin in some pulmonary circulatory disturbances.

Animals↗