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Biomedical subjects

S Ollier

Publications and source records attributed to S Ollier.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Peripheral inflammatory rheumatism during Horton's disease].

From a study of the course of Horton's disease in a population of 41 patients followed up for 3 to 14 years, the cases of 5 patients presenting with peripheral inflammatory arthritis were singled out and analyzed. In all five cases, the condition was a subacute, seronegative, symmetrical polyarthritis affecting mostly the wrists, the metacarpophalangeal joints and the knees. In 2 patients radiology showed articular lesions. As in other cases found in the literature, these raise the problem of rheumatoid arthritis-Horton's disease association or true "Hortonian" arthritis.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Bronchial provocation testing of sodium iso-nonanoyl oxybenzene sulphonate.

1. Asthmatic symptoms have been reported in workers following occupational exposure to certain low molecular ratio chemicals. 2. A small number of workers involved in the initial manufacture of a new low temperature bleach activating chemical, sodium iso-nonanoyl oxybenzene sulphonate (SINOS) developed rashes, rhinitis and conjunctivitis following exposure to the compound. One worker also developed asthma. An investigative study was undertaken to examine the possible asthmatic effects of inhaling SINOS in naive non-asthmatic and asthmatic subjects handling the material in the laboratory setting. 3. Since SINOS has a similar chemical structure to aspirin, it was hypothesized that SINOS-associated asthma might be elicited by a mechanism similar to the mechanism associated with aspirin asthma. Therefore aspirin-sensitive asthmatics were also included in the study. 4. No adverse respiratory reactions were observed in the non-asthmatic subjects or in the aspirin and non-aspirin-sensitive patient volunteers following exposure to SINOS dust at atmospheric concentrations of up to 36.3 micrograms m-3. 5. Skin prick tests to increasing concentrations of SINOS were carried out in all subjects. No positive reactions were observed on any occasion. 6. This study indicates that SINOS does not elicit asthma via a mechanism similar to aspirin. Additionally, the study suggests that the addition of SINOS to washing powder will not cause significant respiratory reactions in consumers even if they are asthmatic or intolerant to aspirin.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1990

Lornoxicam in clinical practice.

Three studies reported here have confirmed that lornoxicam is effective in osteoarthritis and the ideal dose appears to be 12 mg daily. Overall, lornoxicam appears to be a useful drug in the treatment of both osteo- and rheumatoid arthritis, from the data presently available.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

The inhibitory actions of azelastine hydrochloride on the early and late bronchoconstrictor responses to inhaled allergen in atopic asthma.

We have examined the effect of azelastine hydrochloride, 8.8 mg, on the early and late responses to inhaled allergen in a group of 12 atopic subjects with asthma. On two separate days, 3 weeks apart, patients were administered either oral azelastine, 8.8 mg, or matched placebo. Four hours later they inhaled via nebulizer, a dose of allergen (grass pollen or Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus) that had previously been demonstrated to produce a 25% fall in FEV1. Plasma-histamine concentrations and FEV1 levels were measured at intervals during the subsequent 8 hours. After placebo, allergen inhalation produced rapid bronchoconstriction in all subjects with a maximum mean fall in FEV1 at 30 minutes of 22.8 +/- 3.4% from the postsaline baseline value. Five subjects also developed a late bronchoconstriction response with a fall in FEV1 of greater than 15% from postsaline baseline value between 2 and 8 hours after challenge. Azelastine reduced the bronchoconstrictor response during the first 10 minutes and produced a maximum mean fall at 30 minutes of 21.2 +/- 4.4% from the postsaline baseline value. Azelastine had a marked inhibitory effect, reducing the maximum mean fall from 23.9 +/- 6.3% to 9.6 +/- 3.9% from the postsaline baseline value. Analysis of the area under the FEV1 response time-course curves revealed that azelastine reduced the early response (first 2 hours) by 32.5% (p less than 0.05) (all subjects) and reduced the late response (2 to 8 hours) by 70.2% (p less than 0.05) (n = 5). Azelastine had no significant inhibitory effect on the early increase in plasma histamine.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Allergic respiratory disease in grain workers: the role of storage mites.

One hundred thirty-three grain-store workers employed at a regional grain store in Essex, U.K., participated in a survey of respiratory symptoms, lung function, bronchial responsiveness to methacholine and skin tests, and specific IgE to occupational allergens, including extracts of five storage-mite (SM) species and grain extracts. Previously reported associations between occupational respiratory symptoms and cigarette smoking, and symptoms of bronchial hyperresponsiveness to methacholine were confirmed. This study also disclosed significant associations between work-related symptoms (WRS) and positive skin tests and/or specific IgE to SMs, but not between WRSs and positive skin tests or specific IgE to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, or between WRSs and positive skin tests to grain. These findings suggest that in United Kingdom grain workers, allergic responses to SMs may be another factor responsible for WRSs in grain-store workers.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Skin-prick test preparations of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus for prediction of a positive response to provocation testing.

Skin-prick testing (SPT) with allergen is widely used in the investigation of respiratory disease, yet its relationship to the results of provocation testing of the nose or bronchus remains obscure. We have studied this relationship by determining the concentration of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus extract and the associated weal size which resulted in the lowest 'false positive' (FP) and highest 'true positive' (TP) rates when compared to the results of bronchial and nasal provocation testing. Subjects studied included those with both positive and negative bronchial or nasal provocation tests. For each of a series of concentrations of D. pteronyssinus extract, standardized in relation to content of Der pI antigen, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves of TP against FP rates were constructed. Optimal diagnostic concentrations for SPT were 0.112-1.122 x 10(6) IU of Der pI ml-1. However, at the lower end of this range the optimum weal areas for a positive test with the D. pteronyssinus extract were very small (less than 5 mm2). More appropriate concentrations for use in clinical practice were 0.56-1.122 x 10(6) IU Der pI ml-1 since at these concentrations more easily measurable weal areas of 5-10 mm2 (2.6-3.6 mm diameter) were almost equally predictive of a positive provocation test.

Airway Resistance↗
PubMed1989

A double-blind study of hyposensitization with an alginate conjugated extract of D. pteronyssinus (Conjuvac) in patients with perennial rhinitis. 1. Clinical aspects.

The efficacy of hyposensitization with a standardised extract of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (D. pteronyssinus) conjugated to alginate and containing known amounts of antigen P1 (Conjuvac) was tested in a double blind, placebo controlled, multi-centre study in 66 adult patients with perennial rhinitis. Patients received 11 weekly injections of increasing concentrations of Conjuvac containing from 56 x 10(1) to 448 10(3) IU D. pteronyssinus or placebo injections of the alginate diluent to some of which 5 micrograms of histamine has been randomly added. This was followed by 15 monthly injections of Conjuvac or placebo. The severity of nasal blockage, sneezing and rhinorrhoea was recorded twice daily in a diary and visual analogue assessments (VAS) made at each clinic visit. Nasal provocation testing (NPT) was performed with increasing concentrations of the same extract of D. pteronyssinus as used in the hyposensitization injections, and changes in nasal airways resistance measured by passive anterior rhinomanometry. VAS was recorded and NPT was performed on entry to the study and after the fifth, ninth and final monthly injection. Conjuvac injections were well tolerated. Large local reactions (greater than 5 cm) occurred within 30 min in only 1% of patients but later in 23%. No systemic reactions or anaphylaxis occurred within 30 min of injections, but urticaria or worsening of asthma and rhinitis was reported later in 3% of patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1988

A study of the clinical efficacy of azelastine in patients with extrinsic asthma, and its effect on airway responsiveness.

1. The effect of 4.4 mg azelastine administered orally on airway responsiveness, skin prick testing, daily peak expiratory flow rates and symptoms of asthma was compared with placebo in a 7 week double-blind, parallel group study of 24 patients with extrinsic asthma. The study was in two parts: a 2 week assessment period, during which all patients received placebo tablets but recorded daily peak flow rates (PEFRs) and symptoms, preceding the 7 week double-blind comparison. 2. Azelastine, 4.4 mg, significantly decreased airway responsiveness to histamine compared with placebo both after a single dose (P less than 0.001), and following 7 weeks continuous treatment (P less than 0.02). Airway responsiveness to methacholine was not altered by administration of azelastine compared with placebo. 3. Skin prick test weal diameters to both allergen and histamine were significantly reduced after both a single dose and following 7 weeks continuous therapy treatment with azelastine. 4. There was a significant improvement in both the mean of the morning and the evening peak flow rates recorded during the last week compared with the first week of the study in the group receiving 4.4 mg of azelastine twice daily compared with placebo. Scores for wheeze were significantly reduced during the final 3 weeks of the study in patients receiving azelastine compared both with those receiving placebo and with the first week of the study (P less than 0.05, P less than 0.01). Consumption of inhaled bronchodilators fell significantly during the study in the group receiving azelastine therapy (P less than 0.05); no such fall occurred in the placebo treated patients. 5. A bitter metallic taste was reported by 58% of patients who received azelastine therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Respiratory symptoms in arable farmworkers: role of storage mites.

Storage mites (acarid mites) are related to the house dust mite but are usually found in agricultural environments. They have been shown to cause allergic symptoms in Scottish farmworkers exposed to stored hay, but whether farmworkers who grow and store grain are also at risk is unknown. One hundred and one farmworkers on 22 Essex farms with grain storage facilities (88% of the available workforce) participated in a survey of respiratory symptoms, with skin tests and determination of serum levels of IgE specific for mite species, including storage mites. Of the 101 workers, 21 reported attacks of cough, wheeze, or breathlessness after exposure to stored grain and 15 reported nasal symptoms after grain exposure. Storage mite specific IgE was found in 59% of farmworkers with work related respiratory symptoms, in 60% with work related nasal symptoms, and in only 9% of symptomless farmworkers. Work related respiratory and nasal symptoms were also significantly associated with atopy, and with positive skin test responses and serum IgE specific for Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus. Storage mites were found in grain samples from 16 farms in which grain was sampled, whereas D pteronyssinus was not found in any. The close association between serum storage mite specific IgE and occupational respiratory symptoms suggests that storage mites may be responsible for respiratory symptoms in these Essex farmworkers exposed to grain.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Histamine and allergen induced changes in nasal airways resistance measured by anterior rhinomanometry: reproducibility of the technique and the effect of topically administered antihistaminic and anti-allergic drugs.

1. Changes in nasal airways resistance (NAR) following the topical application of histamine and allergen solutions were measured by passive anterior rhinomanometry. 2. The repeatability of five consecutive measurements of resting NAR prior to provocation with histamine or allergen (expressed as the coefficient of variation) was 32.8% and following instillation of saline control solution 37.2%. 3. The repeatability of five consecutive measurements of NAR during the nasal obstruction produced by histamine and allergen was similar to that recorded prior to provocation; the coefficients of variation (median values) being 39.6% and 33.1% respectively. The degree of variability was not related to the dose of agonist or the degree of nasal obstruction. 4. The reproducibility of histamine or allergen induced changes in NAR on four separate weekly occasions showed no significant intra-subject differences. 5. The effects of sodium cromoglycate (SCG), clemastine and ketotifen administered to the nasal mucosa 30 min before provocation with histamine and allergen were compared in a random order, double-blind, placebo controlled study. 6. Clemastine and SCG, but not ketotifen, significantly inhibited the nasal response to increasing concentrations of histamine. None of the drugs administered in the concentrations used in this study significantly inhibited the nasal response to allergen.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1987

A comparison of the PD35-sGaw and PD20-FEV1 in assessment of the effect of oral anti-allergic compounds on the immediate asthmatic response to inhaled allergen.

Assessment of two methods of measuring airway response to allergen challenge showed that results obtained using FEV1 correlated well with those obtained using sGaw irrespective of pre-treatment. Significantly smaller amounts of allergen were required to reduce the sGaw by 35% than to reduce the FEV1 by 20%, although both indices discriminated equally well between the effects of drugs on airway responses to challenge.

Adult↗