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Biomedical subjects

S Okada

Publications and source records attributed to S Okada.

At least 1,207 records · Page 67Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Dental survey in Nigeria. Part 2. Biting force of Nigerian.

The biting force of 855 Nigerian children and adults from the age of 3 to 60 was recorded in the Joint Dental Epidemiological Survey in Nigeria in 1981. The biting force of the Nigerian rural group (245 males and 178 females) was significantly greater than those of the Nigerian urban group (227 males and 203 females) and the Japanese males and females.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Clinical application of PPC for nonspecific chronic prostatitis].

The clinical effectiveness of PPC, amino acid preparation, on nonspecific chronic prostatitis was evaluated by the double-blind test method. A mixture of two pollen extracts which has been widely employed for the treatment of chronic prostatitis was used as a control. Neither antibiotics nor anti-inflammatory drug was administered during the investigation. A total of 76 cases was reported from six facilities but 14 of them were excluded or dropped out. In 32 cases in the PPC group, subjective symptoms such as discomfort after urination, discomfort in the perineal region, pollakisuria, sense of residual urine and dysuria were improved in 50.0 approximately 61.9% and 70.0 approximately 83.3% after 2- and 4-week administrations, respectively. Similar results regarding each subjective symptom were obtained in 30 cases of the control group and there was no significant difference between the two groups. In the overall clinical effectiveness concerning subjective symptoms, the effective rate including excellently, moderately and slightly effective was 81.3% with PPC and 83.3% with control drug. However when the effective rate was limited to excellently and moderately effective, PPC was slightly superior to the control drug (50.5% versus 36.7%). In regard to prostatic tenderness by the digital examination, both PPC and control drug induced relatively good improvement after 2-week administration. The degree of improvement, however, was not increased in the subsequent 2 weeks. Sclerotic change of the prostate was poorly recovered in both groups even after 4-week treatment. Swelling of the prostate was alleviated in 12.5% of the control group after 2 weeks and in 31.8% after 4 weeks.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Alanine↗
PubMed1985

[Studies on an antigen strongly associated with human bronchogenic squamous cell carcinoma (1)--studies by immuno-diffusion method].

Insoluble extracts of human squamous cell carcinoma were solubilized by desoxycholate. The soluble extracts, after partial purification, were used to prepare antisera in guinea pigs. These antisera which were absorbed with insoluble extracts of lung, liver, kidney, spleen, carcinoembryonic antigen and non-specific cross-reacting antigen were commonly detected in all of the 7 squamous cell carcinomas. These antisera failed to reacted with adult organ extract, fetal organ homogenates or extracts from tumors of other histologic types by the methods of immuno-diffusion technique.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1985

Membranous glomerulonephritis associated with hepatitis B antigen in children: a comparison with idiopathic membranous glomerulonephritis.

The laboratory and pathological findings are reported for 16 children with membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN) associated with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and compared with those of 12 children with idiopathic MGN. Serum hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was found in all children with HBV associated MGN and serum hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) in 11 of the 15 examined. Five patients with HBV associated MGN, but none with idiopathic MGN, showed reduced serum C3 values. Otherwise there was no difference in laboratory findings. HBeAg was detected in the glomeruli of all 7 patients with HBV-associated MGN examined but HBsAg was not detected. Of the 14 children with HBV-associated MGN examined by electron microscopy, all but one showed small mesangial deposits and 4 subendothelial deposits, whereas of 9 with idiopathic MGN only 2 showed mesangial deposits and none subendothelial deposits. Thus most of the children with HBV-associated MGN are characterized by some laboratory and pathological features of membrano proliferative glomerulonephritis in addition to those of idiopathic MGN. These observations are consistent with HBV inducing a spectrum of glomerulopathy from typical MGN to typical membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Studies on antigen highly associated with human bronchogenic squamous cell carcinoma--enzyme-linked immuno-absorbent assay].

Insoluble extracts of human bronchogenic squamous cell carcinoma were solubilized by desoxycholate. After fractionation, the soluble extracts were used to prepare antisera in guinea pigs. These antisera, after being highly absorbed with homogenates of several normal organ, serum and carcinoembryonic antigen, were reactive only with squamous cell carcinoma. There was no reactivity to fetal lung, normal adult organs or other cancers.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1985

[A case of giant hydronephrosis and a review of 324 cases in the literature].

A case of giant hydronephrosis due to ureteropelvic junction obstruction in an 18-year-old boy is reported. The patient had been told to undergo an operation for the left hydronephrosis at 2 years of age. However, he stayed away from hospital until he presented at our clinic with nausea caused by a large abdominal mass. Radiological evaluation revealed a left giant hydronephrosis with no function and slight compensatory hypertrophy in the right kidney. Left nephrectomy was performed and the pelvic capacity was approximately 7,700 ml. Histopathological examination showed muscular hyperplasia at the ureteropelvic junction. The term giant hydronephrosis may be defined as a hydronephrosis the contents of which are greater than 1,000 ml. Three hundred twenty four cases of giant hydronephrosis in the literature are reviewed and the age, sex, side involved, pelvic capacity, etiology, and relation to hypertension are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Tuberculosis of the contralateral adrenal gland: a case report].

Unilateral adrenal tuberculosis is a very rare disease. A 66-year-old woman presented with epigastric discomfort and general fatigue. Abdominal CT scan revealed a homogeneous mass shadow in the right adrenal region. Findings of physical examination were normal except that the patient was obese. Hormonal data were in normal range. Adrenal scintiscanning demonstrated no RI uptake in the right adrenal gland. Right adrenalectomy was performed under the diagnosis of nonfunctioning tumor of the right adrenal gland. Histopathological examination, however, revealed typical tuberculosis with Langhans' type of giant cells and infiltrated lymphocytes. Of 322, 148 autopsies performed during the twelve years between 1970 and 1981 in Japan, 228 cases of adrenal tuberculosis were recognized. Furthermore, only 18 cases had tuberculous regions in the adrenal gland alone.

Adrenal Gland Diseases↗
PubMed1985

Assay of glucocerebrosidase using a fluorescent analogue of glucocerebroside for the diagnosis of Gaucher disease.

For the diagnosis of homozygotes and heterozygotes of Gaucher disease, glucocerebrosidase (glucocerebroside beta-D-glucoside glucohydrolase, EC 3.2.1.45) activity in lymphocytes was measured using a fluorescent analogue of glucocerebroside, 1-0-glucosyl-2-N-(dimethylaminonaphthalene-5-sulfonyl)-sphingosine as substrate. The activity in lymphocytes from homozygotes of Gaucher disease was found to be reduced markedly. This method is proved to be simple, sensitive, and specific as an assay of glucocerebrosidase activity for the diagnosis of Gaucher disease.

Clinical Enzyme Tests↗
PubMed1985

[Development of reverse tolerance to the ambulation-increasing effect of ephedrine after repeated administration in mice].

Effects of repeated administration of ephedrine (EPH) 40 and 80 mg/kg sc, and 20, 40, and 80 mg/kg ip on ambulatory activity in adult male mice of the dd strain were investigated. The drug was administered 5 times at intervals of 1 and 7 days. The ambulatory activity of each mouse was measured by a tilting-type round activity cage of 25 cm in diameter for 150-210 min after the drug administration. Repeated administration of EPH 80 mg/kg ip produced a marked augmentation in the sensitivity of the mouse, i.e. reverse tolerance, to the ambulation-increasing effect of the drug regardless of the administration intervals. However, repeated administration of 80 mg/kg sc and 40 mg/kg ip at intervals of 7 days caused a slight reverse tolerance, while 40 mg/kg sc at intervals of 7 days as well as 20 and 40 mg/kg ip at intervals of 1 day did not produce reverse tolerance. In contrast, a poorer development of reverse tolerance to the ambulation-increasing effect of EPH was observed when a mouse was confined in a glass jar of 5 cm in diameter to impede ambulation for 150-180 min after each administration. Mice showing reverse tolerance to EPH demonstrated an increased sensitivity to methamphetamine as compared with the saline-pretreated control mice. The present results suggest that the characteristics of reverse tolerance to ambulation-increasing effect of EPH are almost identical with those after methamphetamine and methylphenidate.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Malignant lymphoma of the testis: report of two cases and review of the literature].

Two cases of malignant lymphoma arising from the testis are reported. Case 1: A 70-year-old man presented with a painless swelling of the right scrotal contents. Right radical orchiectomy was done and histological examination revealed malignant lymphoma of the testis (diffuse lymphoma, mixed type). Bipedal lymphangiography and CT scan showed metastatic lesion in the right retroperitoneal lymph-nodes. Postoperative irradiation to the inverted Y field encompassing the para-aortic, pelvic and inguinal lymph-nodes bilaterally was given to a total dose of 5,000 rad, and treatment with anti-cancer agents was subsequently started. The patient, however, died of liver failure about 6 months after the operation. Case 2: A 74-year-old man presented with painless right scrotal swelling. Right orchiectomy was performed and the tumor histologically appeared to be anaplastic seminoma. The patient received 3,000 rad of irradiation to the retroperitoneal space. There was no evidence of metastasis, until he developed swelling of the right inguinal lymph-nodes about 5 months after the operation. Afterwards, multiple skin tumors in the legs appeared. Biopsy of the skin lesions showed metastasis of malignant lymphoma (diffuse lymphoma, large cell type). The right testis removed previously was then reviewed in detail, and primary malignant lymphoma of the testis was strongly suggested. The patient responded poorly to additional irradiation or cancer chemotherapy and died about one year and 3 months after the right orchiectomy. A statistical survey was made on 117 cases of malignant lymphoma of the testis reported in Japan and the discussion is focused on the significance of new histological classification in relation to the prognosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Liver, kidney, and central nervous system toxicity of aluminum given intraperitoneally to rats: a multiple-dose subchronic study using aluminum nitrilotriacetate.

In the first test, aluminum nitrilotriacetate (Al-NTA), aluminum chloride, aluminum potassium sulfate, or saline was injected ip, employing male Wistar rats. Each group consisted of ten rats. Al was given in a dose of 5 mg Al/kg body wt/day, for 14 days. Only those rats given Al-NTA showed morphological damage of the liver and kidney. Damages included diffuse midzonal coagulation necrosis of hepatocytes and acute proximal tubular necrosis of the kidney at Day 4. Seven of ten rats given Al-NTA died within 5 days. The second test was performed in metabolic cages. Al-NTA, in a dose of 1.5 to 2.0 mg Al/kg body wt/day, and NTA, of an equivalent dose, were injected ip for 54 days. Midzonal coagulation necrosis and some regenerative changes were observed in the hepatic parenchyma at Day 8. At the end of the study, complete regeneration occurred in the liver. Biochemical tests at Days 6, 13, and 28 showed high amounts of GOT, GPT, LDH, gamma-GTP, and ALP. Necrosis of proximal tubular cells of the kidney and some regeneration was noted at Day 8. Metabolic acidosis was demonstrated at Days 6, 13, and 28. Moreover, from Day 38 on, atrophy of the nerve cells of the cerebrum and demyelination of the brain stem were observed. Control rats given NTA did not exhibit any organ damage. It is concluded that a relatively small dose of Al can produce toxicosis when given with certain metal chelators.

Acetates↗
PubMed1984

Diagnosis of Tay-Sachs disease by estimation of beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase activity using a radiolabeled hyaluronic acid-derived trisaccharide substrate.

We have prepared a new radiolabeled substrate (N-[3H]acetylglucosamine-glucuronic acid-N-[3H]acetylglucosamine), from hyaluronic acid, for an assay of beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase activity. Using this substrate, we found a striking deficiency of beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase activity in cultured skin fibroblasts and in liver homogenates from patients with Tay-Sachs disease. DEAE-cellulose chromatography at pH 6.0 revealed that both isoenzymes A and B of beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase from normal liver participated in the catabolism of hyaluronic acid. There were, however, major differences in substrate specificities between isoenzymes A and B. Our results indicate that this substrate should be useful for enzymatic diagnosis of Tay-Sachs disease.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1984

Synthesis of cytochrome c oxidase in the liver of Rana catesbeiana tadpole treated with griseofulvin.

The effect of griseofulvin treatment on the synthesis of cytochrome c oxidase was studied with the liver of the tadpole, Rana catesbeiana. (1) In the liver of tadpole treated with griseofulvin, a ferrochelatase inhibitor, the synthesis of heme a, but not cytochrome c oxidase protein, is inhibited. (2) The apocytochrome c oxidase which is formed in the liver of tadpole treated with griseofulvin is converted to the active holoenzyme by exogenously added heme a.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Use of a fluorescent analogue of galactocerebroside for assay of galactocerebroside beta-galactosidase activity in skin fibroblasts from patients with Krabbe's disease.

In order to diagnose Krabbe's disease (globoid cell leukodystrophy) or its carrier state in patients, galactocerebroside beta-galactosidase (galactosylceramidase) activity in cultured skin fibroblasts was measured with high-performance liquid chromatography using a fluorescent analogue of galactocerebroside, 1-O-galactosyl-2-N-(1-dimethylaminonaphthalene-5-sulfonyl)-sphingosine, as substrate. The enzyme activities in skin fibroblasts of the patients were found to be dramatically reduced when compared with those of controls. The assay can be adopted for diagnostic use in place of assays using radioisotope-labeled natural substrate.

Cells, Cultured↗