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Biomedical subjects

S Okada

Publications and source records attributed to S Okada.

At least 1,117 records · Page 62Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[A clinical study on renal pelvic and ureteral tumors].

Thirty-seven cases of renal pelvic and ureteral tumors treated at our hospitals between January, 1975 and December, 1985 were reviewed. There were 15 renal pelvic tumors, 19 primary ureteral tumors and 3 ureteropelvic tumors. There were 26 males and 11 females and their average age was 62.5 years old ranging from 37 to 82. The most frequent chief complaint was macroscopic hematuria, which was seen in 89% of the patients (33/37). It was 35% of the patients (13/37) who visited our hospitals more than one month but less than three months after the appearance of symptoms. The positive rate of urine cytology was 69%. Total nephroureterectomy was performed on 22 patients and the other surgical treatments were done on 13 patients. Histological examination revealed transitional cell carcinoma in all cases. The overall actual postoperative survival rate at 1, 3 and 5 years was 83.9%, 68.0% and 68.0%, respectively, as measured by the Kaplan-Meier's method. None of the patients who survived more than 3 years after surgery died. The actual 3 and 5 year survival rates in cases of ureteropelvic tumors were slightly lower than those in the case of bladder tumors. There was no evidence in this series to show the usefulness of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Adult neuroblastoma of the adrenal with intraatrial tumor thrombus: report of a case].

A case of adult neuroblastoma of the right adrenal with tumor thrombus extending into the right atrium is reported. Because of right heart failure, the tumor thrombus in the right atrium was removed under the cardiopulmonary bypass. The histopathological examination of the tumor thrombus revealed neuroblastoma. Fourteen days after the first operation, the adrenal tumor, right kidney and tumor thrombus remaining in the vena cava were removed to prevent the recurrence of right heart failure. Two courses of chemotherapy and radiation were given postoperatively and the patient was doing well. Eight months after the second operation, however, the patient died of multiple metastases of the bone and liver.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1988

Hereditary nephritis in children with and without characteristic glomerular basement membrane alterations.

Characteristic ultrastructural alterations of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) have been reported in hereditary nephritis. However, these GBM changes are not present in all patients with hereditary nephritis. In a retrospective study of 42 children with hereditary nephritis characteristic GBM changes were found in 28. The clinical features, renal biopsy findings and subsequent course were compared with those in the 14 without such changes. All 42 patients had hematuria. Eighty-two percent of the patients with the GBM changes showed progression of nephritis and 39% showed neurosensory deafness when last seen. In contrast, all patients without the GBM changes had a normal audiogram, ran a nonprogressive course and had hematuria only when last seen. Light microscopy of renal biopsy specimens revealed segmental glomerular sclerosis and interstitial foam cells only in patients with the GBM changes. Our study shows that the presence or absence of these GBM changes is the most reliable indicator of the prognosis in children with hereditary nephritis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Histopathological study of the "cholesterol granuloma reaction" in the sellar and juxta-sellar tumors].

Specimens from operation of 211 sellar and juxta-sellar tumors were observed histopathologically, and discussed about the true form of "cholesterol granuloma reaction" in those tumors. Depending on the characteristic histological feature, "cholesterol granuloma reaction" was classified into 3 groups, each of which also represented a step of process of organization. Group I (cholesterol clefts predominates in hemorrhagic and necrotic foci), group II (foreign body giant cells, macrophages, round cell infiltrations are present other than cholesterol clefts, signifying active organization), group III (numerous cholesterol clefts predominates in fibrous scar tissue). Feature of "cholesterol granuloma reaction" were seen in 6 cases among 37 cases of craniopharyngioma with verified histology (16%), 8 among 165 in pituitary adenomas (5%) and 1 among 5 in pituitary epithelial cysts (20%). In addition, there were 4 cases in which histologic sections of the surgical specimen showed only the feature of "cholesterol granuloma reaction", in the absence of tumorous epithelial components. "Cholesterol granuloma reaction" is thought to develop as a secondary reaction to hemorrhage or tissue necrosis (pituitary adenomas), or to keratinization (craniopharyngiomas). In occasions in which surgical specimen show only a feature of "cholesterol granuloma reaction", making the final diagnosis is necessary to be careful, taking account of other lesions as well as craniopharyngiomas.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1988

[Evaluation of immunosuppressive acid protein in genitourinary malignant diseases].

Clinical significance of serum immunosuppressive acid protein (IAP) was evaluated on the basis of experience on 55 patients with genitourinary malignant disease and 49 control patients. Although the measurement of serum level of IAP is not good enough to diagnose early stage of cancer, patients with 800 micrograms/ml or more of serum IAP can be suspected to have malignant diseases. With the exception of prostatic cancer, both mean serum level and positive rate of IAP were higher in patients with high stage of disease than in those with low stage. Furthermore, on an individual basis, serum level of IAP was elevated with the progress of malignant tumor and was reduced with effective treatment. Thus, serum IAP is considered as a valuable nonspecific tumor marker in monitoring clinical course of genitourinary malignant diseases except for cancer of the prostate. In patients with advanced prostatic cancer, no definite correlation was seen between serum IAP and stage of disease, histopathological finding or serum prostatic acid phosphatase.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Benign familial hematuria.

Fifty children had benign familial hematuria. They were from 43 families showing neither deafness, heavy proteinuria, nor chronic renal failure and had a nonprogressive course. Light microscopy of renal biopsy specimens showed little or no glomerular changes. Immunofluorescence showed no significant glomerular deposits of immunoglobulins or complement components, but deposition of C3 in the arteriolar walls was observed in 21 of the 39 patients examined. Electron microscopy demonstrated widespread attenuation of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) in 19 patients, focal attenuation in 22, and normal GBM in nine. These observations suggest that patients with benign familial hematuria are heterogeneous and that the thin GBM may be related to hematuria.

Basement Membrane↗
PubMed1988

[Retrograde nephrostomy for percutaneous nephrolithotomy].

Between June, 1985 and November, 1986, 25 patients at our institute underwent retrograde nephrostomy placement to provide percutaneous access to the kidney for percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL) of renal or upper ureteral calculi. Overall, retrograde nephrostomy was successfully completed through the desired calyx in 80% of the patients and calculi were successfully removed by the subsequent PNL. There were 5 failures primarily due to wrong indication and inexperience with the technique. The procedures had been done without significant complications in this series including unsuccessful cases. On the basis of our experiences, it is practically important for successful retrograde nephrostomy to fix the tip of the catheter firmly in the desired calyx until the puncture wire is advanced into the renal parenchyma. It is also important to aim the puncture wire at the skin in a favorable direction to avoid adjacent visceral penetration. Retrograde nephrostomy is a useful aid for percutaneous calculus removal particularly in patients with nondilated intrarenal collecting systems, because this new technique allows precise tract placement to the kidney required for efficient calculus manipulation with less risk than that associated with conventional percutaneous nephrostomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Formation of 6-O-alpha-maltosylcyclomalto-oligosaccharides by transfer action of three debranching enzymes.

O-Maltosylcyclomaltohexaoses (G2-cG6) were formed in yields of 24.3 and 23.2 mmol from 40 mmol of alpha-maltosyl fluoride (alpha-G2F) and 90 mmol of cyclomaltohexaose (cG6) by the transfer action of pullulanase from Aerobacter aerogenes (A-pullulanase) and isoamylase from Pseudomonas amyloderamosa, respectively. These yields were three times that given by pullulanase from Bacillus acidopullulyticus (B-pullulanase). The yields of O-maltosylcyclomalto-oligosaccharides were changed according to the origin of the enzymes and the kind of cyclomalto-oligosaccharide (cG6, cG7, or cG8) used as the acceptor. By the reaction with 40 mmol of alpha-G2F and 90 mmol of cG6, 20 mmol of alpha-G2F and 30 mmol of cG7, or 40 mmol of alpha-G2F and 90 mmol of cG8, the amounts of O-maltosylcyclomalto-oligosaccharides produced and the transfer ratios of alpha-G2F to the acceptors were as follows. By A-pullulanase, 24.3 mmol of G2-cG6 was produced in a 60.8% transfer ratio, whereas the yields of G2-cG7 and G2-cG8 were 1.7 mmol (8.5%) and 8.4 mmol (21.0%), respectively. The yields of G2-cG6, G2-cG7, and G2-cG8 by B-pullulanase were 8.8 mmol (22.0%), 1.2 mmol (6.0%), and 11.7 mmol (29.3%), respectively. In the case of isoamylase, G2-cG7 (9.2 mmol, 46.0%) and G2-cG8 (20.9 mmol, 52.3%) were produced, as much as for G2-cG6 (23.2 mmol, 58.0%). It was suggested that the difference in the amounts of G2-cG6 produced by these three debranching enzymes is based on the difference in the mode of action on the alpha-G2F used as the substrate, either a transfer action or a hydrolytic action.

Bacillus↗
PubMed1987

Nephrotoxicity and its prevention by vitamin E in ferric nitrilotriacetate-promoted lipid peroxidation.

Iron and aluminum complexes of nitrilotriacetic acid cause severe nephrotoxicity in Wistar rats. In addition, a high incidence of renal cell carcinoma is seen in ferric nitrilotriacetate-treated animals. The present study was performed to see if lipid peroxidation is involved in ferric nitrilotriacetate toxicity. Ferric nitrilotriacetate had more bleomycin-detectable 'free' iron than any ferric salt, while iron complexed with desferrioxamine or ferric chondroitin sulfate had none. The toxicity of ferric nitrilotriacetate in vivo was more pronounced in vitamin E-deficient rats. A thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance was present in the kidneys of vitamin E-deficient rats in amounts markedly elevated compared to vitamin E-sufficient, or vitamin E-supplemented rats. Non-complexed nitrilotriacetate or aluminum nitrilotriacetate did not produce any thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance in vitamin E-sufficient rats died by the 58th day of administration. We suggest that the iron-stimulated production of free radicals leading to lipid peroxidation is the major cause of ferric nitrilotriacetate-mediated renal toxicity. Vitamin E, a known scavenger of free radicals, is effective in protecting against this iron-induced toxicity.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Subacute nephrotoxicity and induction of renal cell carcinoma in mice treated with ferric nitrilotriacetate.

We investigated the induction of renal tumors by the ferric complex of nitrilotriacetic acid (Fe-NTA) in male and female A/J mice. Fifty-three male and 21 female mice received i.p. injections of Fe-NTA, 1.8 to 2.7 mg of iron/kg of body weight/day, 6 days a wk for 12 wk, at the longest. Ten male and ten female mice received nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) i.p. at the dose equivalent to the NTA portion of Fe-NTA for the same period of time. Twenty male and 20 female mice left untreated served as the controls. Twenty-eight of the 53 Fe-NTA-treated male mice died within 14 days of the treatment. Renal proximal tubular cell necrosis was the major autopsy finding in these mice. On the other hand, all the Fe-NTA-treated female mice and NTA-treated male and female mice survived the 12 wk of treatment. Renal tubular cell carcinoma had developed in 15 of the 25 male mice and in one of the 21 female mice by the 420th day after the start of the experiment. The NTA-treated and control mice did not develop any tumors. In conclusion there is no species specificity in rats or mice in the induction of the renal carcinoma by Fe-NTA, but male mice are far more susceptible to both the acute or subacute toxicity and carcinogenic effect of Fe-NTA than are female mice.

Animals↗