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Biomedical subjects

S Oka

Publications and source records attributed to S Oka.

At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Rapid and precise diagnosis of atypical mycobacterial infection by chemotaxonomical and immunological methods.

The species of 205 strains of acid fast bacteria isolated from swine and human mycobacteriosis were identified chemotaxonomically and numericaltaxonomically. The species of the isolates which were identified numericaltaxonomically as Mycobacterium avium intracellulare (MAI) complex were further classified by using both thin-layer chromatography of the antigenic glycopeptidolipids (GPL) from the bacteria and seroagglutination test devised by Schaefer. These MAI complex from swine fell into serotype 8 (45 strains), serotype 4 (32 strains), serotype 9 (9 strains) and untypable (9 strains), respectively. In contrast to swine, human isolates covered more wide ranges of serotypes such as serovar 7, 12, 16 besides serovar 4, 8 and 9. Furthermore, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) which is based on the type specific glycolipid antigen and infected swine/human sera was applied to distinguish serological variants of the MAI complex. Of the fourteen cases in swine and five in human that had been typed by both the seroagglutination reaction and the thin layer chromatography (TLC) the thirteen in swine and two in human cases showed clear coincidence with the results of ELISA. The results demonstrated that enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using infected sera was especially useful, and it was recommended from the sensitivity and rapidity as an adjunct to seroagglutination test and thin layer chromatography for the identification of serotypes of MAI complex.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical evaluation of fluconazole].

Clinical evaluation of fluconazole was performed on 12 cases of mycotic infections (7 cases of Candida esophagitis; one each case of cryptococcal meningitis with AIDS, Candida tropicalis fungemia and disseminated cryptococcosis in kidney transplant patient; 2 cases of Candida pneumonia). Satisfactory responses were obtained except 1 case of Candida pneumonia in which clinical efficacy could not be evaluated. Hiccup was noted in 1 case during the fluconazole treatment. No other adverse reaction was observed. When 150 mg and 200 mg of fluconazole were administered orally to a patient with hemodialysis (HD) after HD on separate occasions, concentrations of the drug in serum at 20 hours after ingestion were 5.9 micrograms/ml and 11.6 micrograms/ml, respectively, and in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were 3.5 micrograms/ml and 9.2 micrograms/ml, respectively. Two clinical benefits were obtained in our studies. First, it was possible to treat the AIDS-patient as an outpatient with Candida esophagitis using orally administered fluconazole. Second, it was possible to treat the case of cryptococcal meningitis, in which relapse often occurs, to complete the therapy when the cryptococcal antigen in serum and CSF diminished to an undetectable level and to maintain the therapy preventing relapse without severe adverse effects. Ongoing and future clinical trials will define the specific roles of fluconazole more clearly in the treatment of systemic mycosis.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1989

Effects of non-Newtonian blood and metabolic states of the blood and vessel wall on the optimum design of single vessels and the vascular bifurcation.

Employing the optimality principle, we attempted to predict the effects of non-Newtonian blood and the metabolic states of individual vessel segments on the optimum vascular design. Our results implied that irrespective of the vessel caliber, the optimum flow rate of non-Newtonian blood through a cylindrical vessel is less than that of Newtonian blood by not more than some 12-13%, even though the non-Newtonian nature is within the pathologically-realistic highest range. Non-Newtonian blood does not exert the slightest degree of influence on the optimum geometry of the vascular bifurcation. In contrast, as the metabolic state of the vessel wall overwhelms that of the blood, the optimum flow through the cylindrical vessel becomes markedly increased: the optimum relative caliber of the branch of the bifurcation decreases and the optimum branching angle increases.

Blood↗
PubMed1989

[Experimental and clinical evaluations of flow cytometric DNA-aneuploidy for the determining malignancy of head and neck tumors].

Using flow cytometry, basic experiments and clinical trials to investigate DNA aneuploidy were performed. The site of the peak in the DNA histogram was found to be unstable in the flow cytometric assay. However, relatively stable DNA indices can be obtained if only internal standards, such as human lymphocytes, etc., are added to the samples, thus results in a more precise detection of aneuploidy. In 11 cases of head and neck tumors, DNA aneuploidy was observed in six out of seven cases that were histopathologically diagnosed as being malignant tumors, showing a correlation with the pathological studies as a whole. Further clinical studies may prove that the present method can be useful for the pathological, supplementary diagnostic and prognostic evaluations.

Aneuploidy↗
PubMed1988

Congenital contracture of the infraspinous muscle. A case report.

Posterior subluxation of the glenohumeral joint and a posterior, winged scapular deformity have been reported in a patient with congenital contracture of the infraspinous muscle. The present case was successfully treated by resection of the contracted band within the infraspinous muscle, glenoid osteotomy, reverse Putti-Platt, and resection of the protruding part of the scapula. To our knowledge, this is the first case reported of congenital contracture of the infraspinous muscle. The pathogenesis of the deformity in this case is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Isolation and characterization of two distinct mannan-binding proteins from rat serum.

Two binding proteins, which are specific for mannose and N-acetylglucosamine, were isolated from rat serum to homogeneity. The minor component [serum mannan-binding protein I (S-MBP-I)] was indistinguishable from rat liver mannan-binding protein (L-MBP). S-MBP-I had a molecular mass of about 200 kDa and consisted of about six identical 32-kDa subunits; the molecule had a collagen-like structure, and its properties were identical to those of L-MBP. S-MBP-I was also indistinguishable from L-MBP in immunochemical reactivity. Furthermore, the sequence of 15 NH2-terminal amino acids of S-MBP-I was identical to that of L-MBP, the complete primary structure of which has been elucidated [Drickamer, K., Dordal, M. S., and Reynolds, L. (1986) J. Biol. Chem. 261, 6878-6887; Oka, S., Itoh, N., Kawasaki, T., and Yamashina, I. (1987) J. Biochem. 101, 135-144]. The major component (S-MBP-II) had a molecular mass of about 650 kDa and consisted of about 20 identical 31-kDa subunits; it was immunochemically distinct from L-MBP and S-MBP-I, although the molecule had a collagen-like structure similar to L-MBP and S-MBP-I. Metabolic studies using [3H]leucine showed that S-MBP-II is a typical plasma protein turning over with a half-life of 1.6 days. S-MBP-I was unusual in its late appearance and rapid turnover rate in plasma. These results, together with the fact that L-MBP decayed with biphasic curves, suggest that a part of L-MBP is leaked from liver into plasma in the form of S-MBP-I.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1988

Gastric mucosal protection and superoxide dismutase.

Diethyldithiocarbamate (DDC), an inhibitor of Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD), at a dose of 500 mg/kg or aminotriazole (AT), an inhibitor of catalase, at a dose of 2,000 mg/kg reduced slightly gastric mucosal SOD activity, did not change gastric mucosal blood flow (GMBF), and did not cause gastric ulcers. However, when both DDC and AT were administered together, gastric mucosal SOD activity and GMBF remarkably decreased, and gastric ulcers appeared. Moreover, the administration of SOD attenuated gastric ulcer induced by DDC plus AT. These results suggested that SOD may play an important role in the gastric mucosal defense mechanisms against active oxygen species.

Amitrole↗
PubMed1988

Mode of action of estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,17 beta-diol 3-benzoate 17-[4-(4-bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)phenyl)-1-oxobutoxy)acet ate) on human breast carcinoma xenografts in nude mice.

To elucidate the mode of action of busramustine (KM2210), 17 beta- and alpha-busramustine, estradiol and chlorambucil were used for experimental chemo- and endocrino-therapy against hormone-dependent (T-61) and independent (MX-1) human breast carcinomas serially transplanted into BALB/cA female nude mice. Busramustine was administered po daily for 3 weeks at doses of 12.5-300 mg/kg for the beta-isomer and 25-300 mg/kg for the alpha-isomer. Five to 50 mg of estradiol per kg was administered im once, and 3 to 6 mg of chlorambucil per kg was administered po daily for 3 weeks. All of the compounds were effective against estrogen receptor-positive T-61 with a clear dose-response relationship, while estrogen receptor-negative MX-1 was sensitive to all of the agents except estradiol. Since the alpha-isomer of busramustine was effective against both tumor lines, the mode of action of 17 beta-busramustine may not be related to estrogenic action by estradiol released from the maternal compound. However, 17 beta-busramustine generated the estrogen receptor system of T-61 tumor and resulted in the endometrial hyperplasia of tumor-bearing nude mice, suggesting that this compound also has estrogenic action on transplanted human breast carcinoma and tumor-bearing host mice, besides non-estrogenic antitumor activity on human breast carcinoma xenografts.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate II. Effects of tilt angle in saline solution.

We have measured the sedimentation curves of swine erythrocytes in a physiological saline solution in inclined glass tubes. The curves are well fitted to the exponential type equation l = a[1 - exp(-bt)] for the tilt angle theta in the range of theta less than 80 degrees and hematocrits from 10 to 50%, where l and t are the medium length along the tube and the elapsed time from the sample injection, respectively. The coefficient a increases with theta and b is proportional to sin theta. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate ESR(theta) = (d l/dt)t----0 determined from the above empirical equation increases with the increase in sin theta roughly linearly. The experimental results are discussed with reference to the Ponder-Nakamura-Kuroda theory and some recent theories.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate III tube diameter dependence in saline solution.

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate was measured in a physiological saline solution as a function of both the tube diameter d and the initial suspension length iota 0. All the sedimentation curves in the vertical tubes were found to overlap over the range 1 mm less than d less than 7 mm and 100 mm less than iota 0 less than 330 mm, within the precision of 8 %. The sedimentation curves in the tilted tubes fit well to an exponential equation of iota = a [1 - exp (-bt)], where iota and t are the medium length along the tube and the elapsed time from sample injection respectively: At fixed tilt angle theta and iota 0, a was roughly constant and b was roughly proportional to l/d, while at fixed theta and d, a was linearly proportional to iota 0 and b was constant. The initial slope ESR (theta) = (d iota/dt) t----0 = ab was represented by a unique straight line as a function of iota 0/d for each fixed tilt angle. The experimental results were compared with some recent theories.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Relationship between subjective pain estimation and somatosensory evoked potentials by electrical tooth stimulation.

The relationship between the amplitude of somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) and the subjective pain estimation using a visual analogue scale (VAS) was examined in 8 volunteers undergoing randomized electrical tooth stimulation with 3 different intensities. Randomized stimulation was used instead of repetitive stimulation with a fixed intensity in order to minimize the phenomena of habituation and expectancy in recording the SEP and VAS. The VAS scores increased significantly with the stimulus intensity. The amplitude with a latency between 160 and 300 msec (N160-P300) showed a significant increase with the increased intensity. But the amplitudes between 60 and 110 msec (N60-P110) and between 110 and 160 msec (P110-N160) showed no significant change. There was a significant correlation between the amplitude of N160-P300 and the VAS scores. These findings indicate that the component between 160 and 300 msec reflects the perceived pain intensity and the psychological evaluation processes such as cognition, meaning, interpretation and appreciation of pain. The method of randomized stimulation can serve as a simple and useful way for the objective or subjective pain estimation.

Adult↗