Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S Ohno

Publications and source records attributed to S Ohno.

At least 1,009 records · Page 56Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

HLA antigens and uveitis.

We have studied the antigen frequencies in a group of adult patients with acute and chronic iridocyclitis and chronic, cyclitis. In patients with iridocyclitis a statistically significant increased incidence of HLA-B27 was noted, even in those patients without joint or systemic disease. Patients with chronic iridocyclitis also were noted to have an increased incidence of B27; however, those patients with chronic cyclitis did not. On the basis of HLA-B27 studies there appears to be a fundamental difference between adult and juvenile iridocyclitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Ticarcillin in the treatment of experimental pseudomonas keratitis.

In rabbits with experimental Pseudomonas aeruginosa keratitis the subconjunctival administration of either ticarcillin or gentamicin significantly ameliorated the keratitis and reduced the number of organisms to be found in the cornea. The use of these drugs in combination had an additive effect in vitro studies and a significantly more beneficial effect on the clinical disease than the use of either drug alone.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Relaxant effect of aspirin-like drugs on isolated guinea pig tracheal chain.

The interrelation of the inhibitory effect of aspirin-like drugs on the resting tonus of tracheal chain in guinea pigs, arachidonic acid-induced contraction in rat stomach fundus strips and bradykinin-induced bronchoconstriction in guinea pigs in vivo was investigated. All the drugs tested produced a dose-related inhibitory action on the resting tonus of the tracheal chain in comparatively low doses. Diclofenac was the most potent of all the drugs and was equal in activity to isoproterenol, followed in descending order by flufenamic acid, mefenamic acid, indomethacin, ibuprofen, phenylbutazone, oxyphenbutazone and aspirin. These aspirin-like drugs also inhibited arachidonic acid-induced contraction in rat stomach fundus strips. A highly significant correlation was observed between the potency of inhibition of the arachidonic acid-induced contraction and the relaxant effect on the tracheal chain. Moreover, the drugs antagonized bradykinin-induced bronchoconstriction in guinea pigs in vivo and the order of potency roughly paralleled that of the tracheal chain. These results suggest that the aspirin-like drugs produce a reduction in resting tonus of the isolated guinea pig tracheal chain by inhibition of intramural biosynthesis of prostaglandin endoperoxides.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

HLA antigens and toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis.

HLA (Human Leukocyte-A) antigens of 20 patients with toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis were determined by the standard microlymphocyte cytotoxicity test to see if these patients have different immunogenetic backgrounds from the normal controls. The results showed that there were no significant differences between the patients and the normal controls.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Histochemical studies on the EBV-determined nuclear antigen (EBNA).

The EBV-determined nuclear antigen (EBNA) was studied with regard to several histochemical properties. Proteolytic enzymes destroyed EBNA staining. RNAse DNAse and hyaluronidase had no effect on the number of EBNA positive cells. Intensive treatment with DNAse weakened the chromosomal fluorescence of EBNA, whereas the staining of interphase nuclei was relatively enzyme resistant. When EBV-associated soluble complement-fixing antigen of Raji cells (CFA-R) was added to methanolacetic acid-fixed chicken red blood cells, brilliant and specific EBNA staining was obtained by anti-complement fluorescence (ACIF) with anti-EBNA positive sera. DNAse treatment abolished the ability of the nuclei to bind the antigen (CFA-R), whereas DNAse treatment following CFA-R antigen binding had no effect on the ACIF staining. EBNA was relatively heat stable. Somewhat weakened, but still fully positive EBNA reaction was obtained after 56 degrees C heating for 30 minutes in BSS. Periodate destroyed the EBNA reaction. Formaldehyde also abolished the staining, whereas methanol, acetone, methanol-acetone and methanol-hexyleneglycol-water preserved the staining relatively well.

Antigens, Viral↗
PubMed1977

The effect of cyclophosphamide on an ocular immune response. I. Primary response.

The ocular inflammation and antibody production that follow intravitreal injection of rabbit eyes with bovine gamma globulin were suppressed by treatment with Cytoxan by the intramuscular (i.m.) route. The drug suppressed PFC responses of uveal tract and corneal cells when it was administered, beginning as late as 5 days after immunization, if treatment was continued until day 12 or 13. Short-term treatments and treatment with smaller Cytoxan doses were less effective. We noted a good correlation between the presence or absence of ocular inflammation, suppression of ocular PFC responses and depression of serum, aqueous humour and vitreous humour antibody titres. In some treatment groups ocular antibody production seemed to be completely suppressed, while in others antibody production was significantly delayed.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Testosterone and cellular response.

With the possible exception of male germ cells, the androgen responsiveness of all the target cell types in the mammalian body appears to be mediated by a single species of nuclear-cytosol androgen-receptor protein which is apparently specified by the X-linked Tfm locus. Although this receptor has the highest binding affinity to DHT, it can in the absence of DHT function with TES, albeit less efficiently. For the testosterone-dependent differentiation of embryonic organs, the androgen responsiveness of underlying mesenchymal cells appears to be more important than that of epithelial elements. Some of the androgen effects on apparent target cell types are through the indirect route involving the hypothalamopituitary axis.

Androgen-Insensitivity Syndrome↗
PubMed1976

Kinetic properties of human placental aromatase. Application of an assay measuring 3H2O release from 1beta,2beta-3H-androgens.

The rapid and sensitive assay of 1beta,2beta-3H-androgen aromatization by measurement of 3H2O release (Thompson, E.A., Jr., and Siiteri, P.K. (1974) J. Biol. Chem. 249, 5364-5372) has been analyzed to determine its applicability to initial rate studies. It was found that aromatization is the sole reaction catalyzed by lyophilized placental microsomes that causes a loss of tritium from position 1 or 2 of androstenedione and testosterone. Tritium is, however, removed from position 2 of the estrogen products, presumably in 2-hydroxylation, but this does not invalidate use of the assay for initial rate measurements; it was therefore used to characterize the catalytic properties of aromatase. Aromatization by the freeze-dried preparation was stimulated by K+, EDTA, and dithiothreitol, and was maximally active at pH 7.5 TO 8.0. With incubation conditions optimized for these factors, the apparent Km for NADPH is approximately 1 muM. The maximum velocity of androstenedione aromatization exceeds that of testosterone, and the affinity of the substrate binding site is higher for the former substrate, the apparent Km values being 0.1 muM and 0.4 muM, respectively. Mutual competition experiments with the androgen substrates showed that each gives simple competitive inhibition of the other's aromatization; furthermore, the apparent Ki values for each are in close agreement with their respective Km values. Androst-1,4,6-triene-3,17-dione competitively inhibits the aromatization of both androstenedione and testosterone, the apparent Ki, in both cases being 0.2 muM. It is concluded that the two androgen substrates are aromatized at a single, identical site.

Androgens↗