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Biomedical subjects

S Ohba

Publications and source records attributed to S Ohba.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Efficacy of ivermectin against live mites and eggs of Sarcoptes scabiei in pigs.

Sows infested with Sarcoptes scabiei var. suis (ssvs) were treated with 75, 150 and 300 micrograms/kg of ivermectin by a single subcutaneous injection at the neck region. Compared to the numbers of mites and eggs just before injection, those on post treatment weeks (PTW) 1, 2 and 4 showed significant decreases. Especially at 300 micrograms/kg, the counts showed almost all mites and eggs were eradicated on PTW 1, manifesting ivermectin to possess potential effect on ssve without apparent abnormal side effect. Potential mitocide effect of ivermectin on ssvs was revealed.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

The neural organization of the pineal complex in the frog: stratification and regional differences.

Plexiform areas are functionally important units of the pineal complex. The silver impregnation technique by Matsuyama (1972) reveals in the frog that nerve fibres branch and terminate in these areas and that they are presynaptic to nerve cells which are part of the plexiform areas. Histochemically, the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate diaphorase (NADPH-diaphorase) method according to Scherer-Singler et al. (1983) indicates that pinealocytes and nerve cells are both stained, a strong stratification of different cell types can be visualized. Plexiform areas of different size exist at the dorsal and ventral surface of the organ; the biggest are located rostrodorsally. Approximately twenty large multipolar nerve cells are localized at the ventral surface of the pineal organ mainly at the rostral and lateral borders. They send long processes mainly in caudal direction. These processes are post-synaptic to the boutons of the endfeet belonging to photosensitive pinealocytes. Processes of several multipolar nerve cells converge to one plexiform area, branch and obviously terminate there. As in horizontal cells the processes of the multipolar cells seem to be capable of both receiving and transmitting signals. On the postsynaptic side of the processes of the multipolar cells are smaller nerve cells juxtaposed to the plexiform areas. They are known as pseudounipolar, unipolar or bipolar cells (Wake et al., 1974); the latter are free of boutons of the pinealocytes, their axons forming the pineal tract. Three different types of photosensitive pinealocytes can be distinguished: a slender, a spherical and a double-cone type. Also, the number of boutons varies in the endfeet: boutons occur alone, in groups of two or three, and in clusters.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Effects of aging in smokers on respiratory function].

A test was carried out to investigate the effect of aging in smokers and non-smokers on respiratory function, for which forced vital capacity (FVC), % forced vital capacity (%FVC), % forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1.0%) and peak expiratory flow volume (PF) were studied. The results obtained were as follows. Subjects selected were 560 adult male smokers (smoking group) and 282 male adults with no smoking habit (non-smoking group) who were aged 22 to 59 years and with no anamnesis of serious heart disease and respiratory disorders. A total a mount of smoking was calculated using Brinkman Index (BI). 1. Each measured value index. Measured values including FVC, FEV1.0% and PF were decreased with aging together with the increase in Brinkman Index (BI). Each measured value showed a low level in smoking group as compared to that in non-smoking group. A significant decrease, in particular, of FEV1.0% shown in those aged 25 to 44 years suggested that air way obstructive ventilatory impairment resulting from smoking is manifested itself in younger generation. 2. Correlation among aging, FEV1.0% and PF. The correlation was as follows, i.e., in non-smoking group Y = -0.354X + 95.83 (r = -0.708) and Y = -0.069X + 10.82 (r = 0.720) in FEV1.0% and in PF respectively. Negative correlation also was observed in smoking group, that is, Y = -0.306X + 90.48 (r = 0.467) and Y= -0.084X + 10.93 (r = -0.594) in FEV1.0% and PF respectively. These indicate the decrease in values with aging, in particular, in smoking group that showed a marked lowering in PF.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical study of hypertensive cerebellar hemorrhage: surgical indication and measurement of volume of hematoma].

There have been a few reports available for determining surgical indications in hypertensive cerebellar hemorrhage based on volume of hematoma on computerized tomography (CT). The authors then studied the clinical results of hypertensive cerebellar hemorrhage, and the surgical indication based on clinical findings and volume of hematoma on CT scan was considered. Forty-five patients with hypertensive cerebellar hemorrhage diagnosed by CT scan who were hospitalized to Matsue Red Cross Hospital from January 1980 up to December 1986 were studied. The 25 male and 20 female patients ranged in age from 52 to 85 years, and 16 of them were operated on. The results were as follows: 1) The Kanaya's neurological grading tended to be high in the patients with cerebellar vermis hemorrhage or a large volume of hematoma (greater than or equal to 30 ml). 2) In patients with grade I or II and a moderate volume of hematoma (15-30 ml), the patient complicated with hydrocephalus should be treated with ventricular drainage. The patients with grade III and IVa should be treated with surgical therapy (suboccipital craniectomy and evacuation of the hematoma). The patients with cerebellar vermis hemorrhage should be treated with surgical therapy. The patients with a large volume of hematoma (greater than or equal to 30 ml) should be treated with surgical therapy. The patients with grade IVb and V should not be treated actively because the prognosis is bad.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Distal trisomy of chromosome 17q due to inverted tandem duplication.

A female infant with distal trisomy 17q is described. The anomaly resulted from a de novo inverted duplication of the 17q2405----q25.3 region as defined by high-resolution banding. The proband's overall clinical picture was in good agreement with those of previously reported cases of partial trisomy 17q. The phenotypic features relatively common to our and other reported cases, included mental and growth retardation, microcephaly, temporal retraction, blepharophimosis, saddle nose, thin upper lip, down-turned corner of the mouth, high-arched palate, low-set and deformed ears, webbed neck and lowered posterior hairline. A unique feature of the present case was systemic hirsutism.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1988

[A case of primary adenocarcinoma of the duodenojejunal junction with extraluminal growth].

The case of a 58-year-old woman with a primary adenocarcinoma of the duodenojejunal junction and an extraluminal growth is reported. The patient's chief complaint had been lumbago and emaciation, and a tumor in her left upper abdomen was found. Hypotonic duodenography showed a filling defect with ulceration of the duodenojejunal junction. Angiography revealed irregular vessels and a slight tumor stain. A CT scan further revealed that this tumor had invaded into the abdominal aorta with paraaortic lymphadenopathies.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

Small bowel pseudo-obstruction in Kawasaki disease.

Between June 1977 and May 1986, 310 patients with Kawasaki disease were admitted to Shizuoka Children's Hospital. Among these patients, seven showed the symptoms of intestinal paralysis during the acute stage. We present three of these cases who showed typical intestinal pseudo-obstruction radiologically, and discuss the treatment of this type of intestinal involvement.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1987

Pathological characteristics of metastatic carcinoma in the human mandible.

Based on the large celloidin-embedded section method, human mandibles from 62 autopsied carcinoma cases were examined histologically to determine the pathological characteristics of any mandibular metastases. Metastasis was confirmed histologically in 10 (16%) of the 62 cases and was comparatively frequent with gastric and pulmonary carcinomas. The hemopoietic areas in the mandibular marrow seemed to favor the early deposition of tumor cells. These micrometastatic foci seemed to increase in size, spreading to all parts, including the periodontal tissue or anterior part of the mandibular body. Increased hemopoietic activity following lodgement, seemed to play an important role for further metastases. Roentgenographic examination did not seem to be the best method of detecting metastasis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

Amyloidosis presented with whitening and loss of hair which improved after dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) treatment.

A 67-year-old male patient presented with rapid progression of whitening and loss of hair in past 2 months was consulted due to the suspicion of hypothyroidism. He had been told to have cardiomegaly for 3 years. Thyroid function was within normal limit. Prostate biopsy was performed because of prostatic hypertrophy and mild elevation of serum acid phosphatase. Amyloid accumulation was observed in the biopsy specimen. Subsequent skin biopsies revealed the same result. The scalp hair and beard grew and turned to black gradually several months after dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) treatment. These findings suggest that some of the manifestation of amyloidosis may respond to DMSO treatment.

Amyloidosis↗
PubMed1986

Elastase-type activity in human radial artery in patients with chronic renal failure.

To elucidate the nature of the abnormality of elastin metabolism in arteriosclerosis, we determined the elastase-type activity in the human radial artery of patients with chronic renal failure due to glomerular disease and diabetes. Elastase-type activity was determined by HPLC analysis of the hydrolyzed products of succinyl-trialanine-4-nitroanilide, a sensitive synthetic substrate for elastase. Three kinds of hydrolyzed products, (L-Ala)2-NA, L-Ala-NA and NA, were found after incubation of the substrate with human radial artery in the presence of amastatin (an inhibitor of aminopeptidases). We assumed the activity that liberates NA to be an elastase-type activity because purified human aorta elastase liberates NA from the substrate. The pH optima of the human artery and rat aorta activities were 6.0 and 6.8, respectively. The elastase activity in human radial artery and rat aorta was inhibited by diisopropyl phosphofluoridate, a serine protease inhibitor, and by elastatinal, an elastase inhibitor. The elastase-type activity in the radial artery of patients with chronic renal failure was significantly lower than that of the control group, and the decrease was especially marked in the patients with juvenile onset diabetes. These results suggest that the elastin metabolism is abnormal in the radial artery in diseases that tend to cause atherosclerosis.

Adult↗