Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to S Ohba.
We report a rare case of pleomorphic adenoma in the peripheral lung and its appearance on both CT and MR. The findings correlated well with the pathological findings and corresponded to the nature of the cellular predominance type that is common in the lung but is rare in the salivary gland.
We report a rare case of posterior mediastinal esophageal cyst associated with pulmonary anomaly that had no connection with the proper esophagus, on either CT or MRI, and suggest including this entity in the differential diagnosis of posterior mediastinal masses.
We report a case of sclerosing hemangioma of the lung that showed an intermediately increased accumulation of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) on positron emission tomography (PET). We suggest that FDG-PET may be useful for considering a lesion as benign or low-grade malignant.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: 3D computed tomographic angiography (3DCTA) has been used recently for the evaluation of intracerebral aneurysms, but it is difficult to use this technique to visualize aneurysms near the base of the skull because of the presence of bone. Subtracted 3DCTA could replace digital subtraction angiography (DSA) for evaluation of aneurysms near the base of the skull if the 2 methods were to give similar results. The aim of this study was to compare the evaluation of aneurysms of the internal carotid artery (ICA) near the base of the skull by subtracted 3DCTA and DSA. METHODS: CTA and DSA were obtained in 25 patients with unruptured aneurysms of the ICA. To create subtracted 3DCTA images, we used a volume subtraction (VS) method, wherein nonenhanced volume data are subtracted from enhanced volume data. CTA and DSA were reviewed by 2 neuroradiologists who performed the detection and characterization of aneurysms of the ICA by using 2D multiplanar reformatted (MPR) and VS- and nonsubtracted (NS)-3DCTA images with volume rendering techniques. RESULTS: DSA detected 29 aneurysms in the 25 patients. VS-3DCTA detected all 29 aneurysms in the 25 patients and was equivalent to DSA for evaluating their characteristics (location, size, and direction). NS-3DCTA detected 19 (1 cavernous, 4 ophthalmic, 1 superior hypophyseal, 7 posterior communicating, and 6 anterior choroidal artery) of these 29 aneurysms, but it could not characterize ophthalmic and superior hypophyseal artery aneurysms because they were only partly visible on NS-3DCTA because of bony structures. 2D-MPR images detected all but the small aneurysms (24 of 29 detected). VS-3DCTA and 2D-MPR could visualize all branching arteries (ophthalmic, posterior communicating, and anterior choroidal) detected by DSA, but NS-3DCTA could not visualize ophthalmic arteries because of the presence of bony structures. CONCLUSION: VS-3DCTA can be used as an alternative to DSA for preoperative examination of aneurysms near the skull base, where it provides equivalent identification and characterization.
The effect of ifenprodil tartrate (IFT) on 2 subtypes of postsynaptic alpha 1- and alpha 2-adrenoceptors was investigated. For this purpose, changes in the tension of isolated canine saphenous veins were measured isometrically, and Ca2+ uptake in these veins was also measured. IFT displaced the dose-contractile response curves for phenylephrine and clonidine in a competitive manner, and the activity sequence of antagonists against phenylephrine was IFT greater than phentolamine greater than prazosin greater than yohimbine. On the other hand, the activity sequence of antagonists against clonidine was IFT greater than phentolamine greater than yohimbine greater than prazosin. The effect of IFT as well as that of phentolamine were different from the other antagonists and of approximately the same specific activities against both agonists. The IFT-induced relaxations of the veins contracted by phenylephrine and clonidine were relatively unchanged in both normal and Ca2+-free solutions. IFT inhibited phenylephrine- and clonidine-induced Ca2+ uptake in the saphenous veins. The results suggest that IFT does not possess a relative selectivity toward postsynaptic alpha 1- and alpha 2-adrenoceptors, and that these actions reflect the vasorelaxing effects on phenylephrine- and clonidine-induced contraction in the canine saphenous veins.
We report a case of renovascular hypertension caused by fibromuscular dysplasia (intimal fibroplasia) with congenital anomaly of the renal artery. Arteriography revealed complete occlusion from the root to the middle of the right renal artery and a collateral artery from the right lumbar artery. Histological examination showed intimal fibroplasia and three arterioles in the intima of the renal artery.
A 60-year-old man was found to have a mass shadow on the left posterior diaphragm by chest roentgenogram. He was examined by spiral computed tomography (CT) using the Somatom Plus-S. Transaxial, coronal, sagittal, and three-dimensional (3D) imagings were performed. Transaxial, coronal, and sagittal images of CT scans demonstrated not only a large defect of the posteromedial portion of the left diaphragm, but also two small defects on the right side. The spleen was identified through the left-side defect, and subdiaphragmatic fat through the right-side defects. He was diagnosed as having bilateral Bochdalek hernia. 3D Imaging was also useful for stereographic perception of Bochdalek hernia. Although Bochdalek hernia is not rare, to our knowledge, this is the first case of Bochdalek hernia observed by spiral CT 3D imaging.
We report a patient with a germinoma originating in the left basal ganglia. Unenhanced computed tomography (CT) revealed a relatively well-defined high-density lesion, which was slightly enhanced with contrast medium. No tumor stain was noted on angiography. The mass showed hypointensity on T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and heterogeneous hyperintensity on T2-weighted imaging. The lesion was homogeneously enhanced after the administration of Gd-DTPA. To our knowledge, the MR findings of basal ganglia germinoma have been retrospectively reviewed in just four reported cases, only two of which were examined with Gd-DTPA enhancement. The two cases revealed relatively large masses with cysts and peritumoral edema, and were slightly enhanced after the intravenous injection of Gd-DTPA. Our case was thought to be in the early stage, and its CT and MR findings were slightly different from those of previously reported cases.
Synovial sarcoma is a malignant soft tissue tumor arising in the vicinity of joints. However, synovial sarcoma can arise in the neck, and few imaging studies have demonstrated this situation. We report a case of synovial sarcoma in the prevertebral space of the neck, which was well demonstrated by MRI. Synovial sarcoma should be considered as a possibility in prevertebral pathological conditions.
A case of adrenal carcinoma with advanced inferior vena cava (IVC) involvement is reported. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a large mass over the upper pole of the left kidney, with tumor thrombus from the IVC to the right atrium of the heart. Angiography demonstrated that this mass received its blood supply mainly from the left superior adrenal artery, and, parasitically, the left middle adrenal artery, splenic artery, and lumbar arteries. Venacavography revealed obstruction of the IVC and the collateral, dilated azygos vein. Radical surgery was performed, including resection of the tumor and the tumor thrombus in the IVC and right atrium with the aid of cardiopulmonary bypass. Although renal carcinoma with tumor thrombus invasion of the IVC or atrium is common, adrenal tumor thrombus invasive to the atrium is very rare.