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Biomedical subjects

S Ohba

Publications and source records attributed to S Ohba.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Clinical study of total cystectomy in patients with bladder transitional cell cancer].

The late results on 53 patients with bladder transitional cell cancer, who were treated by total cystectomy at the Department of Urology, Jichi Medical School between 1974 through 1983, were reviewed. The ages ranged from 28 to 78 years old, with an average of 61.8 years. There were 48 men and 5 women, with a male to female ratio of 9.6:1. The relative 5-year survival rate was 58.2% as a whole, that of patients with low grade cancer (grade 1 and 2) was 116%, and that of patients with high grade cancer (grade 3) was 33.8%. A significant difference was observed (p less than 0.01). The relative 3-year survival rate of low stage cancer (pT1 and pT2) was 88.4%, that of high stage cancer (pT3 and pT4) was 16.6%, a significant difference being observed (p less than 0.01). The post operative mortality rate was 5.7%.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Further genetic variation at the esterase loci of Drosophila virilis.

Reexamination of the electrophoretic mobilities of esterases encoded by the Est-alpha and the Est-beta alleles of Drosophila virilis was carried out in detail using both thin-layer agar gel and polyacrylamide slab gel electrophoresis. Many allelic products with fine differences in their electrophoretic mobilities were found and designated by a new system. Some esterases separable by the agar gel method were indistinguishable using the polyacrylamide gel method. But the polyacrylamide gel method uncovered two multiband homozygotes, alpha(d).77 and beta(d) 1.28. Some allelic frequencies on the basis of the new designation were estimated in two natural populations. As a result, it is proposed that the total scope of allelic variation at the two esterase loci of Drosophila virilis is composed of discrete distribution patterns of gene frequencies, each histogram of which shows a bell-shaped pattern.

Alleles↗
PubMed1984

Ureteritis and pyelitis emphysematosa in a neonate.

We describe a case of ureteritis and pyelitis emphysematosa in a neonate. The radiographic features were bilateral linear gas shadows of the ureters joining with gas outlining the renal pelves and calyces.

Emphysema↗
PubMed1984

Effect of mating status on Drosophila virilis lifespan.

Mating status markedly affected the lifespan of Drosophila virilis flies but the effects of virginity on lifespan were different between the sexes. In all cases lengthening of female lifespan and shortening of male lifespan were observed as an effect of virginity. Lifespan was also affected either by the population density or by the sex ratio per culture. At a sex ratio (proportion of females) of 0.5, lifespan was constant in both sexes irrespective of the population density and females lived significantly longer than males. At high (0.9) and low (0.1) sex ratios mean lifespan did not differ between sexes, but it was longer at high sex ratios than at low ones. A negative correlation between mean lifespan and the number of males per vial was revealed for both sexes. Effects of mating on egg-laying activity were also analyzed. Although the number of eggs laid during the first 20 days period after eclosion was greater in mated females than in unmated virgin females, lifetime egg production was not always larger in the former than in the latter. No particular relationship between egg-laying activity and female lifespan was proven. The lifespan of D. virillis flies seemed to be determined by complex interactions between both sexes, in which the sexual activity of males may play the most important role.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Individual analysis of age-associated changes in reproductive activity and lifespan of Drosophila virilis.

In the TK strain of Drosophila virilis, age-associated changes in reproductive activities (copulating activity and fertility in males and egg-laying activity in females) and lifespan were examined in individual flies. The mean lifespan of individually aged flies was about 11 weeks for both males and females. Copulating activity was maximum in two-week old males, then decreased gradually and finally ended at the age of 13 weeks at which about half of males were still surviving. Females also had a peak in egg-laying activity at the age of two weeks while no eggs were laid by females older than ten weeks, although more than half of females were alive at the stage. Analyses of the relationship between reproductive activity and lifespan of individual flies revealed that shorter lived males exhibited a higher copulating activity in the early stage of their lives than longer lived males. In males whose lifespan was less than ten weeks the reproductive period increased with the lifespan while the post-reproductive period was almost constant (one to two weeks). In males living longer than ten weeks, the reproductive period remained constant (about eight weeks) while the post-reproductive period increased in parallel with the total lifespan. Similar tendencies were also observed in the egg-laying activity of female flies.

Aging↗
PubMed1984

Benign fibroblastic tumor-like lesion simulating malignancy in the maxilla.

A benign fibroblastic lesion simulating malignancy is reported. The lesion occurred in the right maxilla of an 11-year-old girl and perforated the outer cortical plate, suggesting malignancy. The biopsy, however, revealed proliferation of fibroblasts and fibrocytes with neither prominent atypia nor mitosis in a myxoid matrix. Electron microscopy showed that some fibroblastic cells were indeed myofibroblasts. As the lesion did not belong to any established entities, the final pathological diagnosis of benign fibroblastic lesion was made, leading to conservative surgery. The patient is well without recurrence 18 months after surgery.

Cell Nucleus↗
PubMed1983

Regulation of biosynthesis of guanidinosuccinic acid in isolated rat hepatocytes and in vivo.

To clarify the metabolic pathway of guanidinosuccinic acid (GSA), we investigated the relationship between GSA synthesis and the urea cycle. In isolated rat hepatocytes, GSA formation increased as urea concentration was raised; the effect of urea was not modified by the addition of ammonium chloride. Other urea cycle intermediates, including arginine and cyanate, a degradation product of urea, failed to stimulate GSA synthesis. Ornithine and arginine, which stimulate urea synthesis, strongly inhibited urea-stimulated GSA synthesis in the presence of 10 mM ammonium chloride, but the inhibitory effect of ornithine was not observed when ammonium chloride was not present. Citrulline (5 mM) strongly inhibited urea-stimulated GSA synthesis with or without ammonium chloride. D,L-norvaline, which inhibits urea cycle enzymes, strongly inhibited GSA synthesis. Following urea injection, hepatic GSA levels also increased in vivo, but there was little change in hepatic arginine. However, the addition of ornithine or D,L-norvaline inhibited the production of hepatic GSA, although arginine was increased substantially. These results indicate that GSA synthesis occurs in rat hepatocytes and is stimulated by urea. The data also suggest that the urea cycle enzymes catalyze some of the biochemical reactions in the GSA synthetic pathway.

Amino Acids↗