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Biomedical subjects

S Ohashi

Publications and source records attributed to S Ohashi.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

[Laboratory and clinical studies of cefoxitin in pediatrics (author's transl)].

Laboratory and clinical studies of CFX were conducted on 30 pediatric inpatients at the Department of Pediatrics of Mie University. The results of the sensitivity evaluation conducted on 37 clinical isolates consisting of 16 species were in accordance with the findings reported hitherto in the literature, i.e., CFX was superior to CEZ and CET in terms of the growth inhibitory effect against Gram-negative rods. The serum peak level was obtained 5 minutes after an intravenous injection of 25 mg/kg, and 15 minutes after a drip infusion of 30 minutes using the same dose. The average terminal half life was 13 minutes 15 seconds for the former and 20 minutes for the latter. Clinical evaluation was made on a total of 22 eligible patients. The results were classified as follows: Excellent in 4 cases, good in 12, fair in 4 and poor in 2. The effective rate of CFX was 72.7%. Side effects observed were vascular pain, rash and vomiting, all of which were mild in nature and disappeared immediately after discontinuation of, or change in the routine of drug administration.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1979

[The effects of sphincteroplasty on manometric profile of common bile duct and the duodenum (author's transl)].

A simultaneous manometric monitoring of the common bile duct (CBD) and the duodenum were performed 2 weeks after choledocholithotomy on 15 patients whose common bile ducts were explored without sphincteroplasty and 30 patients with sphincteroplasty. These manometric studies were carried out by open-tip catheters intubated into the CBD and duodenum through the T-tube at the operation. In patients without sphincteroplasty, no effects of the duodenal pressure on a CBD pressure profile were recognized, while a synchronized pressure profile of the CBD and the duodenum was obtained in patients with sphincteroplasty. By stimulation with morphine (Morphine sulfate; 0.17 mg/Kg iv bolus), waxing and waning of the pressured in the CBD without sphincteroplasty were observed with 20 cmH2O in maximum at about 13 minutes after injection. However, in the CBD with sphincteroplasty, scale-over increase of the pressure curve was seen immediately after duodenal contraction caused by morphine stimulation. A direct infusion of 5 ml of 0.1 N hydrochloride to the duodenum causes hyperperistalsis of the duodenum, which made a synchronized pressure profile in the CBD with sphincteroplasty but made no remarkable change in a pressure profile of the CBD without sphincteroplasty. These findings conclude that the sphincter of Oddi plays an important role as a "pressure barrier" between the CBD and the duodenum, and that with the destruction of this sphincter by sphincteroplasty, a pressure profile of the CBD becomes close to that of the duodenum. This simultaneous manometric study of the CBD and the duodenum might be one of most valuable methods for evaluation of completeness of the sphincteroplasty.

Ampulla of Vater↗
PubMed1976

Biological activities of tyrosine-containing somatostatin analogs on inhibition of secretion of thyrotropin and growth hormone.

The following five tyrosine-containing analogs of somatostatin (GIF) were synthesized by the solid-phase method: Tyr-GIF: [Tyr6]-GIF; [Tyr7]-GIF; [Tyr8]-GIF; [Tyr11]-GIF. These analogs except [Tyr8]-GIF were demonstrated to possess almost the same potency to inhibit thyrotropin release stimulated by thyrotropin-releasing hormone as that of synthesized GIF in vivo. [Tyr8]-GIF had potencies less than 0.5% of GIF. They also had the activity to inhibit Nembutal-induced growth hormone rise. The structure-activity relationship and availability of these analogs for radioimmunoassay were discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Variety of GH and TSH responses to somatostatin in perfused rat pituitaries in vitro.

One male rat pituitary placed in a chamber was perifused with cyclic somatostatin (GIF) for 30 min. Either 160 nM or 1.6 muM GIF caused a decrease in the release of GH. The release of TSH was also decreased by 160 nM GIF, and paradoxically increased by 1.6 muM GIF. Increasing the dose of GIF to 16 muM resulted in an abrupt rise in the release of both GH and TSH during the perfusion; then the level of GH decreased to the nadir level followed by an elevation above the base line, while that of TSH promptly fell back toward the base line. The release of PRL was not clearly affected by 16 muM GIF. [Tyr8]-GIF did not have such stimulatory activities. These results indicate that GIF not only inhibits the release of GH and TSH, but also stimulates that of GH and TSH in this system, depending on its dose.

Animals↗