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Biomedical subjects

S Ogoshi

Publications and source records attributed to S Ogoshi.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Two types of major venous anomalies associated with abdominal aneurysmectomy: a report of two cases.

We report herein the cases of two patients with major venous anomalies associated with abdominal aneurysmectomy, one being an isolated left-sided vena cava and the other, a retroaortic left renal vein, and discuss the clinical significance of such anomalies. In the first patient, an isolated left-sided vena cava was correctly diagnosed preoperatively by contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CE-CT) and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) which revealed that the vena cava crossed the normal portion of the aorta and the right renal vein ran cephalad. In the second patient, a retroaortic left renal vein was also preoperatively diagnosed with CE-CT and DSA. In both patients, dissection was performed, taking care to avoid injury to anomalous venous tributaries, and graft replacement for abdominal aneurysm was successfully carried out. Thus, careful preoperative evaluations using such imaging techniques as CE-CT, DSA, and venographic studies, are important for establishing the presence of an associated venous anomaly preoperatively to ensure the success of abdominal aneurysmal surgery.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Chronic contained rupture of abdominal aortic aneurysms.

A chronic contained rupture of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) has been a rare event. Recently, we experienced operative treatment of two cases of chronic contained rupture of AAA with retroperitoneal hematoma one caused by rupture of anatherosclerotic saccular typed AAA, another by penetrating perforation of anatherosclerotic fusiform typed AAA. These two cases fulfilled the criteria for chronic contained rupture of an AAA proposed by Jones and associates. Surgical outcome of these patients were uneventful and they are enjoying normal lives.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Changes in significance of axillary lymph node dissection for patients with breast cancer.

Axillary lymph node dissection has been a routine part of breast cancer treatment for more than 100 years. As so few patients have been shown to have positive nodes, more consideration should be given to eliminating axillary node dissection for duct carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and T1a lesions. And for patients with T1/2N0M0 cancer of the breast, lumpectomy alone without axillary dissection followed by radiation therapy of the intact breast and regional lymph nodes should be a reasonable treatment without any arm morbidity. Between September 1989 and September 1994, we have treated 40 breast cancer patients with this method and no local recurrence nor distant metastasis has been encountered so far. Therefore, it is concluded that axillary dissection should be performed routinely only for N1b lesions and larger.

Axilla↗
PubMed1996

[A case report of surgical treatment for left ventricular papillary fibroelastoma].

A case of surgical treatment for left ventricular papillary fibroelastoma was reported. The patient was 75-year-old male who was admitted with complete A V block. Transesophageal echocardiogram revealed a mobile rounded mass (15 mm x 15 mm) in the LV attached to the IVS. On the basis of this echo finding, operation was performed. Under cardiopulmonary bypass, an incision was made in the ascending aorta and the tumor was successfully removed through the aortic valve. The postoperative course was uneventful. To our knowledge, our case is the 10th surgical case in the Japanese literatures.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Determination of the prognostic significance of unscheduled cyclin A overexpression in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

The expression of cyclin A protein was retrospectively investigated in 124 patients with human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma with immunohistochemical techniques using antibody to cyclin A protein (BF683). Of 124 tumors, 49 (39.5%) exhibited positive staining in cancer cells with this antibody. Staining was observed predominantly but not exclusively in the nucleus. A significantly higher degree of association of immunoreactivity with this antibody was detected for advanced types of tumors (stages I, II, III, and IV) than for early tumors (stage 0; P < 0.05). Patients with cyclin A immunopositivity had a significantly poorer survival rate than did other patients (P < 0.01). These findings provide the first evidence for frequent and unscheduled overexpression of cyclin A protein in human esophageal cancer and suggest the possibility that alteration of cyclin A overexpression is associated with tumor progression and patient prognosis for esophageal cancers.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

A SP1 binding site in the GC-rich region is essential for a core promoter activity of the human endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene.

Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) is an important oxygenase which catalyzes the conversion of L-arginine to L-citrulline to form nitric oxide (NO), a potent important factor for vasodilation and inhibition of platelet aggregation. We have analyzed characteristics of the promoter region of the human eNOS gene using the transient expression in human endothelial cells of CAT constructs with a series of 5'-deletion mutants. The 5'-flanking region between -116 and -98, which contains a putative consensus sequence for binding of transcription factor Sp1, is essential to direct a basal promoter activity. Gel mobility shift analysis involving anti-Sp1 antibody and competitor DNAs disrupted at the binding site for Sp1 reveals that Sp1 or its closely related protein(s) binds to the consensus sequence located between -104 and -96. These results indicate that the Sp1 site is essential for a core promoter activity of the human eNOS gene.

Base Composition↗
PubMed1995

A case of advanced male breast cancer successfully treated by 5-fluorouracil, epirubicin and cyclophosphamide chemotherapy combined with tamoxifen.

A 79-year old male advanced breast cancer patient with metastases in lymph nodes, bones and anterior chest wall was effectively treated by a combination of chemotherapy (5-fluorouracil, epirubicin and cyclophosphamide), tamoxifen and minor surgery. Two months after five cycles of chemotherapy, all lymph node swellings disappeared. The main breast cancer and the chest wall metastatic nodule were resected under local anesthesia. He was maintained on tamoxifen alone and showed no lymph node recurrence during the follow up period of 20 months, suggesting good control of bone metastatic lesions.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Chronic contained rupture of an abdominal aortic aneurysm.

The operative treatment of chronic contained rupture of a saccular abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) with retroperitoneal haematoma is reported. A 62-year-old man presented with a painless abdominal mass and intermittent claudication. He had an episode of severe abdominal pain about 2 years before admission. A giant retroperitoneal neoplasm was initially suspected, based on computed tomography. However, magnetic resonance imaging, angiography and colour Doppler sonography demonstrated chronic contained rupture of an AAA. A punched-out oval defect (width 3.5 cm x length 4.5 cm) that was thought to connect the thrombosed aneurysm to an organized retroperitoneal haematoma was discovered in the posterior wall of the bifurcation of the aorta at laparotomy. An infrarenal aortobiexternal iliac Y-graft with bypass to the left femoral artery was placed without removing the aneurysm or haematoma. Recovery was uneventful. The retroperitoneal haematoma appeared smaller on computed tomography about 1 year after operation. This case fulfilled the criteria for chronic contained rupture of an AAA proposed by Jones and associates.

Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal↗
PubMed1995

[A case report of an operation for graft stenosis with complete obstruction of the coronary artery].

A case report of an operation after CABG and AVR was presented. The patient was a 52-year-old female. She underwent CABG with saphenous veins at 43 years old and AVR at 45 years old. She was admitted to our hospital due to acute myocardial infarction. Coronary angiography revealed that all the native coronary arteries were occluded at the proximal side, two grafts to RCA and CX were occluded, and LAD graft had a 99% stenosis. She became critically ill due to low cardiac output and acute renal failure. Endoartrectomy of the LAD graft was performed under CPB. Early postoperative course was uneventful. Severe ST depression in the pre-operative ECG normalized in the postoperative ECG. But she had a chest pain again in the 4th postoperative week. She became critically ill and died on the 43rd postoperative day. It was thought that redo CABG should have been performed after her condition improved.

Aortic Valve↗
PubMed1995

[A right subclavian artery aneurysm with hoarseness].

A 64-year-old man was admitted with hoarseness. CT scan and selective angiography revealed a right subclavian artery aneurysm involved just distal to the origin of the subclavian artery. Through median strenotomy with the addition of supraclavicular incision, proximal and distal ligation and prosthetic graft bypass were successfully performed under simple clamping of brachiocephalic artery. Exclusion of the aneurysm is technically easier when the aneurysm adheres to the surrounding tissues.

Aneurysm↗
PubMed1994

Adoptive transfer of a Th2-like cell line prolongs MHC class II antigen disparate skin allograft survival in the mouse.

The MHC class II alloantigen-reactive CD4+ Th2-like cell line, HR2, was established. It was derived from the spleen cells of C57BL/6 (B6) mice immune to an MHC class II-disparate mutant mouse, B6.CH-2bm12 (bm12) which carries the I-Abm12 antigen. This cell line, HR2, secretes IL-4 and IL-10 in an antigen-specific manner, and can also proliferate in an autocrine manner through IL-4. To investigate the in vivo role of this Th2-like CD4+ T cell line in transplantation immunity, an adoptive cell transfer study using the skin allograft system was performed. Skins grafted from bm12 to B6 were rejected at 12.1 +/- 0.6 days in control B6 mice which received no treatment. Whereas skin graft survival was prolonged in B6 experimental mice which had received 2 x 10(7) HR2 cells, 75% of the grafts survived for > 40 days. Moreover, since skin grafts from fully allogeneic third party donor BALB/c mice were rejected at 12.0 +/- 0.4 days by B6 mice which had received the same number of HR2 cells, it was demonstrated that HR2 is involved in the regulation of bm12 skin graft rejection. Furthermore, cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity by spleen cells from HR2 transferred B6 mice was not induced even by in vitro secondary stimulation, although CTL activity was induced well in spleen cells of control B6 mice which had rejected the graft. The underlying mechanism has not been fully clarified; however, these results demonstrate that Th2-like CD4+ T cells suppress allograft rejection.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[Operative indications and treatment in elderly patients with esophageal cancer].

A recent study indicates that infection of human papillomavirus (HPV) may cause esophageal cancer and that it takes several decades from infection of HPV to developing cancer. Even in early stage esophageal cancer, lymph node metastasis is usually observed in the mediastinum, abdomen and neck regions. As patients with esophageal cancer are potentially in a malnutritional state because of disturbance of intake before treatment, active nutritional support should be performed before and after surgery. An objective nutritional assessment is necessary for nutritional support. The nutritional assessment index (NAI) can be applied to elderly patients because there is no difference in nutritional parameters between elderly and young patients. From the point of view that surgical treatment has limitations concerning complete curability, we employed a remote after loading system (RALS) into a multidisciplinary treatment called the Kochi system, which consists of a combination of surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy. This multidisciplinary method of treatment greatly contributes to survival and quality of life of esophageal cancer patients especially in elderly cases.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Prognostic significance of human papillomavirus genomes (type-16, -18) and aberrant expression of p53 protein in human esophageal cancer.

The presence and distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA or of increased expression of the p53 protein were determined in 71 patients with esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma (SCC) by in situ hybridization with biotinylated DNA probes for HPV-16, -18, -31 and -33, and immunohistochemical techniques using antibody to p53 protein. Of 71 patients from Kochi prefecture, 24 (Group I) were positive for HPV DNA, including 10 for HPV type-16 and 14 for HPV type-18; in contrast, none were positive for HPV-31 or -33. Of the remaining 47 patients, 24 (Group II) showed positive nuclear staining in cancer cells with p53 antibody. The group of 23 patients with neither HPV nor p53 expression (Group III) had a significantly better survival rate than Group I or II. These results suggest that HPV-16 and -18 may play a role in the pathogenesis of esophageal SCC, particularly with regard to its striking geographical distribution; that esophageal cancers do occur in the absence of HPV infection when over-expression of p53 is present; and that the presence of HPV infection and over-expression of p53 may each be a factor indicating a relatively poor prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Prognostic significance of simultaneous infiltration of HLA-DR-positive dendritic cells and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes into human esophageal carcinoma.

The distribution of HLA-DR-positive dendritic cells (DR+DCs) and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) was investigated in 67 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus. DR+DCs were chiefly present among the cancer cell nests, and few were seen in the stroma. As clusters, UCHL-1-positive T-cells (UCHL1-Ts) were detected in the tissue around the cancer cell nests and as individual cells within tumor nests. Some UCHL1-Ts in the tumor nests showed direct contact with DR+DCs. In addition, a few OPD4-positive helper/inducer T cells were found among cancer cells, and were densely present in the stroma. A correlation was demonstrated between the number of DR+DCs and UCHL1-Ts in each patient (R = 0.4547, p < 0.01). In addition, dense tumor infiltration by both DR+DCs and UCHL1-Ts within the cancer cell nests was related to a better prognosis (p < 0.01).

Adult↗