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Biomedical subjects

S Oda

Publications and source records attributed to S Oda.

At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[MICs and MBCs of cefotaxime, desacetylcefotaxime and ceftriaxone against four principal bacteria causing meningitis].

The MICs and MBCs of cefotaxime (CTX), desacetylcefotaxime (Des-CTX) and ceftriaxone (CTRX) were determined in relation to 4 of the principal bacterial species which cause meningitis, i.e., S. pneumoniae, S. agalactiae, H. influenzae and E. coli. These tests were performed using final inocula of 10(8) cells/ml and 10(6) cells/ml. Comparison was made with the MIC and MBC values of benzylpenicillin (PCG) and ampicillin (ABPC). 1. Against 25 strains of S. pneumoniae, the MIC 90 values with inocula levels of 10(8) and 10(6) cells/ml were as follows: CTX, 0.05 and 0.024 micrograms/ml; Des-CTX, 0.39 and 0.20 micrograms/ml; CTRX, 0.10 and 0.05 micrograms/ml, respectively; and PCG, less than 0.012 micrograms/ml at both size. Similarly, the MBC 90 values were: CTX, 0.01 and 0.05 micrograms/ml; Des-CTX, 0.78 and 0.39 micrograms/ml; CTRX, 0.20 and 0.10 micrograms/ml; and PCG, 0.024 and 0.012 micrograms/ml, respectively. It is thus apparent that PCG showed the lowest values for both the MIC and MBC, followed by CTX, CTRX and then Des-CTX. Against 25 strains of S. agalactiae, the MIC 90 values with inocula of 10(8) and 10(6) cells/ml were as follows: CTX, 0.05 and 0.05 micrograms/ml; Des-CTX, 0.39 and 0.20 micrograms/ml; CTRX, 0.10 and 0.05 micrograms/ml; and PCG, 0.39 and 0.20 micrograms/ml, respectively. Similarly, the MBC 90 values of Des-CTX were 0.78 and 0.39 micrograms/ml, while the other 3 antibiotics showed the same values with both the 10(8) and 10(6) cells/ml inocula: 0.10 micrograms/ml for CTX, 0.20 micrograms/ml for CTRX and 0.39 micrograms/ml for PCG. Accordingly, CTX showed the lowest values, followed by CTRX and then PCG being about the same as Des-CTX. Against 25 strains of H. influenzae, the MIC 90 values with inocula levels of 10(8) and 10(6) cells/ml were as follows: CTX, 0.10 and 0.05 micrograms/ml; Des-CTX, 0.39 and 0.39 micrograms/ml; CTRX, 0.10 and 0.05 micrograms/ml; and ABPC, 50 and 6.25 micrograms/ml, respectively. Similarly, the MBC 90 values were: CTX, 0.20 and 0.10 micrograms/ml; Des-CTX, 1.56 and 1.56 micrograms/ml; CTRX, 0.39 and 0.20 micrograms/ml; and ABPC, greater than 100 and 50 micrograms/ml, respectively. Accordingly, in terms of the MIC 90, CTX and CTRX showed the same values, but in terms of the MBC 90 CTX was superior. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Preoperative immunochemotherapy for gastric cancer combined with perifocal administration of OK-432].

OMF treatment consisting of perifocal administration of OK-432 associated with MMC and 5-FU was applied for 37 lesions of 35 cases including 2 with multiple cancer. The results obtained were as follows lesions. Macroscopical efficacy was rated as "good" in 12 lesions (32.4%), "fair" in 24 lesions (64.9%) and "poor" in 1 case. Histological efficacy was assessed as "++" for 10 lesions (27%), and "+" for 16 lesions (43.2%). Taking "+" or higher histologically as "effective", the efficacy rate was approximately 71%. Efficacy rate for metastatic lymph nodes was approximately 61% in patients who underwent a curative operation. Patients who received non-curative operation showed a certain efficacy to some extent. Twenty-one cases were judged as "S2" at operation. 11 cases as "se", and another 10 cases as 2 cases of "ss beta" and 8 cases of "pm" Histologically . Seven cases of "pm" were considered either as "good" or Histological efficacy as "++" in terms of macroscopical efficacy.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Defects in the growth plate of brachypodism in mice--light and electron microscopic findings and cell proliferation by the method of tritiated thymidine autoradiography.

The basic defect of the human chondrodystrophies with normal chondro-osseous histopathology is speculated to be quantitative decrease in the rate of ossification. Homozygous brachypodism (brp/brp), chondrodystrophic mutant in mice, is characterized by shortening long bones. The light and electron microscopic observations of the growth plate were essentially normal. The method of tritiated thymidine autoradiography showed that the rate of chondrocyte division in the mutant growth plate was decreased. These findings show that the failure of chondrocytes to divide at a normal rate can produce the growth disturbance of bone without abnormal chondro-osseous histopathology.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Osteology of the musk shrew (Suncus murinus).

In the present study using 29 adult musk shrew of both sexes, most findings were identified to be similar to those by Sharma (1958) on the osteology , and there was no remarkable difference between skeletal structure of wild musk shrew in India and that of breeding species in Japan except the number of the vertebra lumbalis and existance of the dens caninus . However, it was elucidated that the os articulare coccygis like H-letter in shape is characteristic for this animal, and shows 17 components as many between interspace ventral to the adjacent os coccygis , and that there exists the proc. spinosus appendicularis nominated newly over the vertebra thoracica II, which plays significant role to head and neck as origin or insertion for strong m. serratus dorsalis, m. splenius, and m. semispinalis .

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Mammary growth and plasma progesterone level during pregnancy in the house musk shrew, Suncus murinus Linnaeus.

The process of growth of the mammary gland and change in the plasma concentration of progesterone were investigated throughout the course of pregnancy (30 days) in the home musk shrew, Suncus murinus L. Development of the mammary gland of the musk shrew was limited during the first half of pregnancy. Extensive branching of ducts and conspicuous alveolar formation and a marked increase in the DNA content of the gland started between day 15 and 20 of pregnancy, and continued until term. Milk synthesis indicated by accumulation of the secondary fluid in the alveolar lumen and a sudden rise in the RNA/DNA ratio of the gland tissue seemed to be initiated 1 or 2 days before parturition. No lactose was detected in either the mammary tissue or milk of the house musk shrew. Plasma concentration of progesterone was very low until mid-pregnancy and began to rise after day 15, reaching a peak of 10--13 ng/ml around day 25. The steroid level started to fall shortly before parturition and returned to the basal level in post-parturient animals. Ovariectomy interrupted pregnancy in some animals, but not in others. When pregnancy was maintained, the mammary development and the plasma level of progesterone were normal.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1983

[Acute toxicity of ranitidine and its metabolite in mice, rats and rabbits, and subacute oral toxicity of ranitidine in rats].

Acute and subacute toxicities of ranitidine hydrochloride, a new histamine H2-receptor antagonist, and acute toxicity of ranitidine N-oxide, a metabolite of ranitidine hydrochloride, were investigated. The results are summarized as follows: (1) Oral, intravenous, subcutaneous, intraperitoneal and intramuscular LD50 values of ranitidine hydrochloride in 5- and 12-weeks old mice and rats and 12-weeks old rabbits were ranged from ca. 60 mg/kg (12-weeks old male mice, i.v.) to 6610 mg/kg (12-weeks old male rats, p.o.). In comparison of the LD50 values, it was revealed that female rats were more sensitive to the drug than males in the case of oral administration. (2) A single intravenous injection with ranitidine N-oxide at a dose of 1000 mg/kg, induced no lethal cases in mice, indicating that the N-oxide has very low toxicity in a comparison with that of ranitidine hydrochloride. (3) In the subacute toxicity test, male and female rats were orally administered with ranitidine hydrochloride for 35 days. Dose dependent changes such as increase in liver weight and water consumption, decrease in spontaneous movement and others were induced at doses of more than 500 mg/kg/day in females and 1000 mg/kg/day in males. These results indicate that the no effects were observed at levels of 250 mg/kg/day in females and 500 mg/kg/day in males. In the recovery test, however, no marked changes were observed in the rats which had been administered at 1000 and 2000 mg/kg/day for 35 days.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1983

Experimental and clinical study on ATP-MgCl2 administration for postischemic acute renal failure.

The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of ATP-MgCl2 on the recovery of renal function following renal ischemia. Bilateral renal ischemia was produced for 90 minutes in dogs. Immediately after the release of ischemia, ATP-MgCl2 (50 mumoles/kg) was given intravenously. Serum creatinine and FeNa were measured following the release of ischemia. Renal cellular energy charge, glomerular endothelial thickness and per cent circularity of interstitial cells were measured. Creatinine and FeNa were significantly lower in ATP-MgCl2 treated dogs compared to those in saline treated controls. Changes in energy charge, glomerular endothelial thickness and per cent circularity indicated ischemically induced renal cellular edema was reversed with ATP-MgCl2 through the improvement of energy metabolism. Taking those experimental data into consideration, ATP-MgCl2 was given to 16 acute renal failure patients and 13 patients survived. ATP-MgCl2 administration is effective for the treatment of acute renal failure.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1983

Improved survival and reticuloendothelial function with intravenous ATP-MgCl2 following hemorrhagic shock.

There is controversy concerning the efficacy of ATP-MgCl2 in improving survival following hemorrhagic shock. To resolve this issue, the effect of ATP-MgCl2 infusion on survival following shock was reinvestigated. Rats were bled to and maintained at a mean arterial blood pressure of 40 mmHg for 90 min. Following reinfusion of the remaining shed blood, the animals were treated with ATP-MgCl2 (25 mumoles each) or saline. Survival was measured in one group of animals, and in another group of animals reticuloendothelial (RE) function was determined with 131I gelatinized test lipid emulsion in search of the mechanism of the beneficial effect of ATP-MgCl2 following hemorrhagic shock. The results indicate that survival was significantly improved if the animals were treated with ATP-MgCl2 following hemorrhagic shock. In addition, RE function, which was markedly depressed following hemorrhagic shock, was significantly improved by ATP-MgCl2 treatment, indicating that the beneficial effect of ATP-MgCl2 for hemorrhagic shock could be through the improvement of RE function.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗