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Biomedical subjects

S Nour

Publications and source records attributed to S Nour.

27 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Measurement of gastric emptying in infants with pyloric stenosis using applied potential tomography.

Gastric emptying in a group of 49 vomiting infants with infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS) was investigated using applied potential tomography. Fourteen asymptomatic infants were also studied as a control group. A Dioralyte test feed (25 ml/kg/feed) was used for all the studies. The infants with IHPS were investigated before and at two, four, and seven days after an operation; the other infants were investigated once. The results show that the infants with IHPS have no or little gastric emptying before the operation and gradually return to normal emptying by the seventh day after the operation. A significant difference in gastric emptying was noted between the control infants and the infants with IHPS before and at two and four days after the operation. The applied potential tomography method is suitable for studying gastric emptying in infants, with no morbidity nor complications. It also allows multiple studies to be performed without upset or discomfort.

Electric Impedance↗
PubMed1992

Ovarian cysts and tumours in childhood.

The clinical features of 39 children with ovarian cysts and tumours are presented. Over two-thirds presented as an emergency with abdominal pain. Thirty-four patients had benign ovarian disease. Only two of the five malignant tumours were of primary ovarian origin. Ultrasonography and computed tomographic scanning can be of valuable assistance in diagnosis and planning surgery. The diagnosis of ovarian cysts and tumours should be considered among the less common causes of acute abdominal pain in children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Acute scrotal swelling in children.

Children with acute scrotal swelling are a common surgical emergency. We reviewed retrospectively the case notes of 143 children seen over a 5-year period. Of these, 60 boys had torsion of an appendage testis, 50 had torsion of the testis, 15 had acute epididymo-orchitis, ten had idiopathic scrotal oedema and eight had undiagnosed scrotal pain. Particular attention is drawn to the age of presentation of the different pathologies, the apparent shorter time to infarction of the testis following torsion in those under 12 years of age, and the association of anal lesions to idiopathic scrotal oedema.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

Anorectal malformations with sacral bony abnormalities.

A range of anorectal malformations with sacral bony abnormalities was found in members from three generations of two kindreds. The anorectal anomaly was low in all but one of the patients. Partial sacral agenesis was the main bony defect in one family, and meningomyelocele and spina bifida occulta were noted in the second. The inheritance pattern in these kinships is autosomal dominant. This may be a variant of caudal regression syndrome, which seems to be aetiologically heterogeneous.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1989

An unusual 'appendix' testis.

A six-week-old infant was seen with bilateral inguinal herniae. It was noted that the position of the right testis within the scrotum varied with the degree of inguinal herniation. At exploration the appendix was found lying within the patent processus vaginalis with its tip firmly adherent to the upper pole of the right testis. Appendicectomy was performed through the same incision. This unusual finding should be considered by the clinician if presented with a child with easily reducible inguinal herniae and a fluctuating testicular position.

Appendectomy↗
PubMed1986

Ketotifen in the treatment of infants and young children with wheezy bronchitis and bronchial asthma.

Ketotifen, an orally-administered anti-anaphylactic and antihistamine compound, was given in a dose of 0.06 mg/kg to 142 infants and young children presenting either with non-infected wheezy bronchitis or bronchial asthma to an allergy out-patient department. Treatment continued for 12 weeks. At the end of this time, ketotifen was considered to be very effective or effective in 70% of the children. The effect was more marked in non-infected wheezy bronchitis (83.55% response) than in bronchial asthma (56.5% response), perhaps because factors such as leukotrienes, prostaglandins and thromboxanes tend to produce a sustained bronchoconstriction in the latter condition. Ketotifen was not associated with any adverse effects and did not cause behavioural problems. Patients found it palatable and acceptable. The main disadvantage was that symptoms recurred within days of stopping treatment. Especially in non-infected wheezy bronchitis, ketotifen should be given for a year or longer to older children (older than 30 months) who have shown an initial good response to the drug.

Asthma↗
PubMed1975

[Calculation of thermal protein changes in food with heat conduction. Determination of reaction rate and activation heat].

The velocity constant k of protein changes is commonly determined by heating as abruptly as possible to a given temperature for various periods. Its dependence on temperature or activation heat is deduced from the k value determinations at different temperatures, using the ARRHENIUS diagram. In contrast to this, the authors determined the k and E values in a temperature field for a constant reaction time. This is done directly in the foodstuff which is introduced (in ball form) into a bath of constant temperature. In case of foodstuffs with mere heat conduction, there are in the interior innumerable spherical shells subjected to the same thermal stress which increases from within towards the exterior. Thermal protein changes (such as the thermal coagulation of egg white and muscle proteins and the formation of metmyochromogen) which can be visualized directly or, in case of enzymatic denaturation, indirectly by colour reactions, using the presence-absence method, may be observed if the ball is cut in half. This procedure (termed "change-over method" by the authors) permits to calculate the unknown k and E values from the radius of the visible inner circle. (This applied also to cylindrical forms.) Since this method allows to estimate approximately these reaction kinetic constants directly in the foodstuff under conditions encountered in practice, it is in many cases better suited for simulating, calculating, or optimizing desirable or undesirable protein changes occurring during thermal processing than the mere model experiment with abrupt heating which does not reproduce the changes in the reaction medium occuring during the slow increase or decrease in temperature.

Dietary Proteins↗