Biomedical subjects

S Nonoyama

Publications and source records attributed to S Nonoyama.

80 records · Page 5Linked to original sources

PubMed1977

Nocardicin A, a new monocyclic beta-lactam antibiotic V. In vivo evaluation.

Nocardicin A is a new monocyclic beta-lactam antibiotic which provides a potent therapeutic effect in mice experimentally infected with gram-negative bacilli. When given subcutaneously to mice, the therapeutic effect of the drug was stronger than had been anticipated from in vitro studies. Nocardicin A was more potent in therapeutic effect than carbenicillin against infections due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis, Pr. vulgaris, Pr. rettgeri and Pr. inconstans, and was similar in effect to carbenicillin against infections due to Escherichia coli in mice. In addition, nocardicin A proved to be active against infections due to Serratia marcescens and other organisms resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics. When nocardicin A was given subcutaneously to mice, blood and hepatic levels of the drug were higher than those of carbenicillin.

Ampicillin↗

PubMed1977

Nocardicin A, a new monocyclic beta-lactam antibiotic VI. Absorption, excretion and tissue distribution in animals.

The absorption, excretion and tissue distribution of nocardicin A, a new monocyclic beta-lactam antibiotic, were studied in various animals. When nocardicin A was given intramuscularly in single doses of 20 mg/kg to rats, rabbits, and dogs, the peak serum levels of nocardicin A were about 1.6 similar to 2.8 times higher than those of carbenicillin in all animals though the levels varied among the species tested. The serum half-life of nocardicin A in these animals was about twice that of carbenicillin. The 24-hour urinary recovery rate of nocardicin A after intramuscular injection was 68.5 percent in rabbits and 77.0 percent in dogs, but was low in rats; i.e., 0.7 percent. When nocardicin A was given intravenously in single doses of 20 mg/kg to these animals, the peak serum levels varied widely among the test species; i.e. about 3 times higher than those of carbenicillin in rabbits and dogs, similar to those in rats. The peak serum and tissue levels of nocardicin A after intramuscular to intravenous injection were the highest in the kidneys, followed by the liver, serum, lungs, heart and spleen. The levels in the liver were prolonged. Nocardicin A, and traces of unknown substances less active than nocardicin A were observed as active substances in the urine recovered after injection of nocardicin A.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMed1976

Effect of antibiotics on the phagocytosis and killing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by rabbit polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

The effect of antibiotics on phagocytosis and killing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by rabbit polymorphonuclear leukocytes was studied. Carbenicillin and sulbenicillin, when added to an incubation medium at a concentration as low as 1/16 MIC, increased phagocytosis and killing of P. aeruginosa by PMN. Meanwhile, gentamicin and 3',4'-dideoxykanamycin B gave no influence on the PMN activity, and polymyxin B and colistin enhanced the activity only at MIC. The PMN activity was not facilitated even when the cells of P. aeruginosa had been pretreated with antibiotics. The bactericidal activity of PMN decreased after sonification, but was restored following addition of carbenicillin.

Animals↗

PubMed1975