Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S Noji

Publications and source records attributed to S Noji.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

[A case of primary tissue failure in aortic bioprosthesis due to pannus formation].

A 22-year-old man, who had received aortic valve replacement with a 21 mm of Carpentier-Edward S.A.V Bioprosthesis for aortic regurgitation at 19 years of age, was readmitted to our hospital because of a new systolic murmur and his chest roentgenogram showed remarkable cardiomegaly. Cardiac catheterization showed a 55 mmHg pressure gradient across the bioprosthesis. Under the diagnosis of primary tissue failure, reoperation was undergone. At reoperation, the sewing ring and leaflets of the prosthesis were covered with pannus, which adhered to leaflets, and the thickness of these leaflets was seen. It was thought that these changes caused aortic stenosis. Primary tissue failure due to pannus formation has been reported a little, but if bioprosthesis is implanted in the supra-annular position, pannus formation may occur because cusps of bioprosthesis are attached to the host's annulus.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Pit fall of aprotinin administration during open heart surgery].

Aprotinin administration during open heart surgery has been attempted at various institutions to reduce hemorrhage and improve the rate of no-transfusion operations, and has been reported to be effective. The treatment has been effective also in the 45 patients operated on at our institution. However, we experienced LOS at weaning from extracorporeal circulation (8 cases) considered to be due to aprotinin administration, suggesting unexpected risk of the treatment. Evaluation was made by classifying the patients according to the aprotinin dose; A high-dose group administered aprotinin at 300 x 10(4) units (20 patients), a low-dose group administered aprotinin at 100 x 10(4) units (8 patients), and a control group not administered aprotinin (15 patients). The volume of postoperative hemorrhage increased with the dose of aprotinin, and was significantly lower in the high dose and medium-dose groups than in the control group, but was not significantly different in the low-dose group. The postoperative peak CPK and CPK-MB were not significantly differ but increased slightly with the aprotinin dose. Probably for this reason, IABP was needed in 8 (17.8%) of the 45 patients because of LOS at weaning from extracorporeal circuration. A diagnosis of perioperative myocardial infarction (PMI) was made in 7 of these patients. Factors other than aprotinin are unlikely to be the cause of LOS, and the condition is considered to have been induced by micro-embolism during extracorporeal circulation with aprotinin administration. We propose two points as basis for this speculation. The first is that the body temperature during extracorporeal circuration, which was 30-35 degrees C in the bladder, promoted antifibrinolytic activity of aprotinin. The second is poor control of ACT during extra corporeal circulation. Thus, we suggest the risk of the use of aprotinin without further reduction in the body temperature during extracorporeal circuration. At present avoidance of high body temperatures and strict control of ACT during extracorporeal circulation are important preventive measures against micro-embolism possibly caused by aprotinin.

Aprotinin↗
PubMed1996

[A case report of an infundibular ventricular septal defect with severe right ventricular outflow tract obstruction due to aneurysm of the aortic sinus of valsalva].

This paper describes the case of a 46-year-old female. Upon contacting infective endocarditis at the age of 39 years, she was diagnosed with a ventricular septal defect (VSD). Because dyspnea gradually worsened, she was later hospitalized. Cardiac catheterization was performed and angiograms were taken, revealing an infundibular VSD accompanied by severe right ventricular outflow tract obstruction (RVOTO) due to aneurysm of aortic sinus of valsalva and to mild aortic regurgitation caused by prolapsing aortic valve. The operative procedure consisted of the closure of the aortic sinus fistula by continuous suture after excision of the aneurysmal sac and patch closure of the VSD without treatment of the prolapsing aortic valve. After the operation, RVOTO improved and aortic regurgitation disappeared. The patient was discharged and has since been well.

Aortic Aneurysm↗
PubMed1996

[Successful surgical repair of atrial septal defect associated with mitral regurgitation and tricuspid regurgitation].

A 63-year-old woman with atrial septal defect, mitral regurgitation, and tricuspid regurgitation underwent mitral valvuloplasty with 30 mm Carpentier ring, patch closure of atrial septal defect and tricuspid annuloplasty with 36 mm Carpentier ring. She was doing well now. In this case, preoperative catheterization showed left-to-right shunt ratio of 32% and right-to-left shunt ratio of 51%. The existence of right-to-left shunt was considered to be related to the grade of tricuspid regurgitation. It is concluded that in these cases, surgical repair should be recommended before the onset of severe progressive heart failure.

Female↗
PubMed1995

Truncated type II receptor for BMP-4 induces secondary axial structures in Xenopus embryos.

BRK-3 is a vertebrate type II receptor for BMP-4 distantly related to invertebrate type II receptors for BMP-2/BMP-4/dpp, such as daf-4 and punt. BRK-3 has a long carboxy-terminal sequence following intracellular kinase domain and is capable of forming a high-affinity complex with a type I receptor, BRK-2. To examine the role of BRK-2 + BRK-3 receptor complex in BMP signaling during early embryogenesis, the dominant-negative form of BRK-3 was ectopically expressed in the Xenopus embryos. A secondary body axis expressing the Sonic hedgehog and N-CAM genes is induced by injecting mRNA encoding truncated form of BRK-3 into ventral marginal region, implicating the BMP signaling in axial mesoderm induction. Formation of the secondary axis depends on whether the deletion extends into the kinase domain, not into the carboxy-terminal tail, suggesting that the kinase domain, but not the tail region, is essential for BMP signaling.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1995

Molecular cloning, structure, and expression of mouse estrogen-responsive finger protein Efp. Co-localization with estrogen receptor mRNA in target organs.

We have previously identified a human estrogen-responsive gene, efp (estrogen-responsive finger protein), which encodes a putative transcription regulator (Inoue, S., Orimo, A., Hosoi, T., Kondo, S., Toyoshima, H., Kondo, T., Ikegami, A., Ouchi, Y., Orimo, H., and Muramatsu, M. (1993) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 90, 11117-11121). Here, we report isolation of mouse Efp cDNA and its structure containing three cysteine-rich domains (RING finger and B1 and B2 boxes), a coiled-coil domain, and a C-terminal domain. High levels of Efp mRNA were detected in uterus, ovary, and placenta by RNase protection assay. By in situ hybridization histochemistry the transcripts of efp were also detected in uterus, mammary gland, ovary, and brain, and the co-localization of Efp and estrogen receptor mRNA was particularly demonstrated in these female organs. Moreover, the level of Efp mRNA in uterus and brain, which are known as target organs for estrogen, was up-regulated in vivo by 17 beta-estradiol. Furthermore, both the Efp and estrogen receptor mRNA were stained in the brain vesicles of 11.5-day embryos by whole mount in situ hybridization. These findings raise the possibility that efp is an estrogen-responsive gene that mediates estrogen action in various target organs.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1995

Identification of a human type II receptor for bone morphogenetic protein-4 that forms differential heteromeric complexes with bone morphogenetic protein type I receptors.

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) comprise the largest subfamily of TGF-beta-related ligands and are known to bind to type I and type II receptor serine/threonine kinases. Although several mammalian BMP type I receptors have been identified, the mammalian BMP type II receptors have remained elusive. We have isolated a cDNA encoding a novel transmembrane serine/threonine kinase from human skin fibroblasts which we demonstrate here to be a type II receptor that binds BMP-4. This receptor (BRK-3) is distantly related to other known type II receptors and is distinguished from them by an extremely long carboxyl-terminal sequence following the intracellular kinase domain. The BRK-3 gene is widely expressed in a variety of adult tissues. When expressed alone in COS cells, BRK-3 specifically binds BMP-4, but cross-linking of BMP-4 to BRK-3 is undetectable in the absence of either the BRK-1 or BRK-2 BMP type I receptors. Cotransfection of BRK-2 with BRK-3 greatly enhanced affinity labeling of BMP-4 to the type I receptor, in contrast to the affinity labeling pattern observed with the BRK-1 + BRK-3 heteromeric complex. Furthermore, a subpopulation of super-high affinity binding sites is formed in COS cells upon cotransfection only of BRK-2 + BRK-3, suggesting that the different heteromeric BMP receptor complexes have different signaling potential.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1995

A chicken Wnt gene, Wnt-11, is involved in dermal development.

We have isolated a new member of the Wnt gene family, Wnt-11, from chick embryo cDNA library and examined the expression pattern during embryogenesis by in situ hybridization. The Wnt-11 gene encodes Cys-rich secretory protein distantly related to Wnt-1 through Wnt-8 from the mouse and Xenopus. Expression of the Wnt-11 gene became evident at stage 14 in the dorsolateral region of somites and gradually restricted to the dermatome at stage 19 and later. In contrast to the other Wnt genes, Wnt-11 was not expressed in the neuroepithelium throughout stages 14-26. At stage 24 and later, Wnt-11 was expressed in the subectodermal mesenchyme of the limb and feather buds. The unique expression pattern of Wnt-11 in the paraxial mesoderm and dermatome suggests that Wnt-11 may play an important role in dermal development.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1995

An additional limb can be induced from the flank of the chick embryo by FGF4.

To elucidate what initiates formation of the limb, we have attempted to induce an additional limb from the flank of the chick embryo by infecting retrovirus or implanting cells. We report here that an additional limb can be formed from the flank when we implant fibroblast growth factor 4 (Fgf4)-expressing cells into the lateral plate mesoderm at the pre-limb bud stage. In a newly formed limb bud, expressions of both Sonic hedgehog and chick Fgf4, which are authentic morphogenetic signals from the zone of polarizing activity and the apical ectodermal ridge, respectively, are induced by the implanted cells. Thus, it is concluded that the competence for limb development is present along the flank of the chick embryo and that FGF4 applied ectopically at the pre-limb bud stage can alter the developmental fate of flank cells to become limb cells. The present experimental system will contribute to a further elucidation on how the limb is formed.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Involvement of the Sonic hedgehog gene in chick feather formation.

To elucidate the molecular mechanisms of chick feather formation, we observed expression patterns of the Sonic hedgehog (Shh) gene, which is one of the vertebrate homologs of the Drosophila segment polarity gene, hedgehog, and encodes a signaling molecule functioning in limb pattern formation and motor neuron induction. We found that the Shh gene is also expressed in the apical region of the feather placodes and then in nine to eleven longitudinal stripes along feather filaments. The stripe was found to correspond to one of the outer marginal zones of each barb ridge, termed the zone of Shh expression. No significant expression signal was detected in the scale bud of developing legs. Thus, Shh is likely to function as an epithelial signaling molecule in epithelio-mesenchymal interaction during feather formation. Furthermore, since genes of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and fibroblast growth factor-4 (FGF-4) are coexpressed with Shh during feather formation as observed in limb morphogenesis, interactions among FGF-4, Shh and BMP-2 may be involved in formation of feather filaments and barbs in a similar fashion as elucidated in limb pattern formation.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

New gene, nel, encoding a M(r) 93 K protein with EGF-like repeats is strongly expressed in neural tissues of early stage chick embryos.

A new gene, nel, was isolated from a 9-day-old chick embryonic cDNA library. The gene encodes a protein of 835 amino acids (93,407 M(r)) consisting of two hydrophobic domains presumed to be the signal and transmembrane sequences, a histidine rich domain, two repeats of a cysteine rich structure similar to the C-terminal domain of von Willebrand factor, five EGF-like repeats, and again two repeats of the cysteine rich sequence similar to the C-terminal domain of von Willebrand factor in the presumed cytoplasmic domain. The expression of the nel gene was studied by Northern blot and in situ hybridization analyses of chick embryos. The mRNA of the gene was found in all tissues of 10- and 17-day-old embryos by Northern blot hybridization. Among the tissues examined, the level in the brain was highest and increased with age. After hatching, gene expression was retained in the brain at about the same level found in old embryos, increased in the retina, and disappeared from the other tissues. In situ hybridization with a nel gene probe revealed that the gene was strongly expressed in neural tissues such as brain, spinal cord, and dorsal root ganglia of early embryos. Gene expression was observed in the mantle layer of the neurepithelium of the brain and of the spinal cord. Gene expression in early embryos was not restricted to the neural tissues, but was also detected in the cells around cartilage, myocardium, lung mesenchymal cells, and in the liver, etc. One band of about 4.5 Kb mRNA was detected in all tissues and stages by Northern blot hybridization analysis. The possible function of the gene is discussed.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1995

FGF can induce outgrowth of somatic mesoderm both inside and outside of limb-forming regions.

In the vertebrate embryo, only somatopleural cells in the limb-forming region are released from the mesodermal layer and undergo outgrowth from the embryonic body to form the limb bud. Molecular signals which regulate limb bud induction are unknown to date. In the present study we examined the ability of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) to induce limb bud formation in chicken embryos. A replication-defective retrovirus encoding FGF type 4 with a reporter, bacterial beta-galactosidase, was microinjected into lateral plate mesoderm inside and outside limb-forming regions. Effects of the ectopic and precocious expression of FGF were assessed at various stages after infection. Here we report that somatic mesodermal cells in both flanks and limb-forming regions can respond to FGF and induce limb bud-like outgrowth. The supernumerary limb bud induced within a limb-forming region differentiated into extralimb structures. These results strongly suggest potential roles of FGF signaling for induction of limb bud formation.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Microgravity generated by space flight has little effect on the growth and development of chick embryonic bone.

Seven days' space flight of fertilized chicken eggs pre- incubated for 7 and 10 days on earth caused no differences in the morphology of osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and osteocytes of humerus and tibia from those of control embryos. Bone-resorbing and -forming activities of the femur were not different between control and flight groups. As a consequence, calcium and phosphorus contents of the femora between control and flight groups were not changed. Alkaline phosphatase activity of 3 different regions (resting cartilage, growth cartilage, and cortical bone) of tibia showed no significant difference between control and flight groups. No significant difference of gene expressions of hepatocyte growth factor and receptors of fibroblast growth factor was observed in perichondrium, trabecula, and skeletal muscles and tendons of hind limbs between control and flight groups. Unlike the results of previous space flight experiments in which young growing mammals were used, these morphological and biochemical results indicate that microgravity has little effect on bone metabolism of the chick embryo.

Actins↗
PubMed1995

Cloning and characterization of Wnt-4 and Wnt-11 cDNAs from chick embryo.

We have isolated two members of the Wnt gene family, Wnt-4 and Wnt-11, from chick embryo cDNA library, and determined the entire coding sequences. The Wnt-4 and Wnt-11 genes encode secretory proteins composed of 351 and 354 amino acids, respectively, both having 24 Cys residues conserved among other Wnt family members. Alignment of the deduced amino acid sequences reveals that chicken Wnt-4 and Wnt-11 are most similar to Xenopus Wnt-4 and mouse Wnt-11; respectively. Northern blot analysis indicates the Wnt-4 expression at 1.5 kilobase and the Wnt-11 expression at 2.0 kilobase in the chick embryo.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1995

[A successful repair of the aortic dissection (DeBakey type I) with ischemic complications of the kidney and lower extremities].

A 65-year-old male was referred to our institution under diagnosis of aortic dissection which passed 1 month after the onset. An aortography revealed DeBakey type I aortic dissection with the left renal artery involvement and the very narrow true lumen of the abdominal aorta compressed by the pseudolumen, especially at the orifice of the right renal artery. On the 3rd day of admission, the patient manifested SVC syndrome, oliglia and pulselessness of the femoral artery bilaterally, that indicated ischemia of the kidney and the lower extremities. An emergency operation was performed, and the ascending aorta was replaced using open distal anastomotic technique for the distal site of the aorta under deep hypothermia and retrograde cerebral perfusion method. The ischemic symptoms and SVC syndrome were disappeared promptly after operation. Postoperative CTscan showed the narrow true lumen of the abdominal aorta expanded remarkably. The postoperative course was uneventful and the patient discharged on the 54th postoperative day.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1995

[Surgical results of aortic stenosis with or without left ventricular dysfunction--postoperative change of left ventricular function].

Between January 1980 and December 1992, 82 patients with aortic stenosis underwent isolated aortic valve replacement at our institution. Age of the patients ranged from 26 to 72 (58 +/- 6.4) years, and 58 were men and 24 were women. The patients were divided into two groups according to preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF): 23 patients (LVEF < 50%, mean 39.7%; Group D) and 59 patients (LVEF > or = 50%, mean 62.6%; Group N). By means of echocardiography, LV function were evaluated before and at one month after operation in terms of left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS), left ventricular systolic internal diameter (LVIDs), left ventricular mass index (LVMI), and left ventricular end systolic wall stress (ESWS). Postoperative early mortality including hospital death was 8.7% in group D (2 cases; myocardial infarction 1, cerebral complication 1) and 3.3% in group N (2 cases; myocardial infarction 1, low output syndrome 1), and this difference was not significant (NS) between two groups. The 5- and 12-year actuarial survival rate were 87.8% and 87.8% in group D, 91.5% and 87.6% in group N, respectively (NS). LVFS (pre/post) was 0.25 %/- 0/08/0.24 +/- 0.10 in group D, 0.38 +/- 0.10/0.32 +/- 0.10 in group N. The difference were significant before (p < 0.0005) and after (p < 0.005) operation between two groups. LVIDs (mm; pre/post) were 39.0 +/- 7.9/35.0 +/- 9.6 in group D, 28.7 +/- 7.3/229.3 +/- 7.6 in group N. The difference were significant before (p < 0.0005) and after (p < 0.01) operation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗