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Biomedical subjects

S Noguchi

Publications and source records attributed to S Noguchi.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

[Prognosis in the cases with renal cell carcinoma according to clinical parameters].

BACKGROUND: The objects of this study is to evaluate the clinical prognostic factors in renal cell carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: During a 30-year period from January 1965 to December 1994, 1301 cases with renal cell carcinoma were treated at the Yokohama City University Hospital and its affiliated hospitals. In these cases, cause specific 679 cases from January 1965 to December 1990 were analyzed in a study undertaken to investigate long-term treatment results and clinical prognostic factors. RESULTS: 1. The cause specific 5-, 10-, 15-, and 20-year survival rates were 48.7%, 41.1%, 32.3%, and 26.5% respectively, indicating thus that a great number of cases had an ominous prognosis even 5 years or moreafter surgical treatment. 2. Among patients under 40 years of age (n = 29) none died more than 2 years after receiving operation, the prognosis for this particular group of cases being relatively good. 3. Female, incidentally detected cancer, small tumor size (< or = 4.0 cm), slow growing type and low stage were proven to be favourable prognostic factors in renal cell carcinoma. 4. The cause specific 5-year survival rate for the patients (n = 239) from 1965 to 1981 was 33.8%, while the rate for the patients (n = 440) from 1982 to 1990 was 56.5%. This improvement of survival rate was brought by the increase of the incidentally detected renal cell carcinoma. 5. In the incidentally detected renal cell carcinoma, the incidence of slow growing cases and the cases of less than 4.0 cm tumor size were higher than in the symptomatic renal cell carcinoma. 6. Multivariate analysis using Cox's proportional hazard model showed that stage was the most important prognostic factor. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggested that sex, age, symptom, tumor size, growing type, and stage were important prognostic factors in renal cell carcinoma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Analysis of the prognostic factor in the patients with locally invasive bladder cancer who underwent total cystectomy].

OBJECTIVES: Prognosis and related factors were analysed as for the patients with locally invasive bladder cancer who underwent total cystectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection. METHODS: Between January 1977 and December 1996, a hundred and one patients with locally invasive bladder cancer underwent total cystectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection at University Hospital. Survival rates of these patients were calculated by Kaplan-Meier method and statistical significances were analysed by univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS: Most significant factor was PS at cystectomy and pN was next. Survival rate of the patients who underwent total cystectomy after 1988 showed significantly better than others. Thirteen patients achieved complete response by preoperative therapy. But, two of them who had positive nodes were died by cancer. CONCLUSION: Considering from these results, performance status at cystectomy and lymph node metastasis are predictable prognostic factor for locally invasive bladder cancer patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Long-term survival of bladder preservation therapy with radiation and chemotherapy for locally invasive bladder cancer].

The prognoses and prognostic factors of the 54 patients with locally invasive bladder cancer who underwent bladder preservation therapy at Yokohama City University Hospital between 1977 and 1995 were analyzed statistically. The therapeutic modalities of bladder preservation were mainly radiation or chemotherapy. The prognosis for the patients who underwent bladder preservation therapy was worse than that for the patients who underwent total cystectomy. The prognostic factors of these patients were size and grade of tumor, presence of hydronephrosis and performance status (PS) of the patients by univariate analysis. Tumor grade was the most predictable prognostic factor using multivariate analysis. Only 17 patients survived more than 5 years after treatment; 78% of the survivors had good PS (0 or 1). Five of them died of cancer and two patients were alive with cancer. All of them had G3 tumors. These results suggest that patients with locally invasive G2 tumor could be candidates for bladder preservation therapy and patients who underwent bladder preservation therapy should be evaluated at 10 years post-therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[An early phase II clinical study of S-1 in patients with breast cancer. S-1 Cooperative Study Group (Breast Cancer Working Group)].

An early phase II clinical study of S-1 in patients with advanced or recurrent breast cancer was undertaken by a cooperative study group (Breast Cancer Working Group) of 14 institutes in Japan. S-1 was administered twice daily at 75 or 50 mg (dose FT)/body for 28 consecutive days with 14 days rest (one course). Twenty-eight patients were enrolled, 27 were eligible for the study, and 25 were evaluable for efficacy. Four complete responses and seven partial responses were obtained, and the response rate was 40.7% (11/27) [ninety percent confidence interval for this response was 26.7-56.4%]. The major adverse reactions observed were myelosuppression represented by leukopenia 44.4% (12/27), neutropenia 40.7% (11/27), RBC decreased 37.0% (10/27), hemoglobin decreased 29.6% (8/27), anorexia 55.6% (15/27), nausea/vomiting 48.1% (13/27), and fatigue 33.3% (13/27). The results suggested that the efficacy and safety of S-1 were effective against advanced or recurrent breast cancer. The objective of study judged should be investigated in a late phase II clinical study.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Long-term administration study of propiverine hydrochloride (BUP-4 tablets) in pollakiuria and urinary incontinence].

The safety and efficacy of one-year administration of propiverine hydrochloride (BUP-4 tablets) were assessed in facilities affiliated with the Department of Urology of Yokohama City University School of Medicine. Changes in subjective symptoms showed significant improvement in mean frequency of urination in the daytime from 10.3 +/- 4.0 times before administration to 7.1 +/- 2.9 times 1 year after the start of administration, in mean frequency of voiding at night from 4.2 +/- 1.7 times to 2.1 +/- 1.1 times and in mean incidence of urinary incontinence from 2.9 +/- 2.1 times to 0.7 +/- 1.0 times. The final degree of overall improvement rate was 82.0% (41/50 cases). Adverse effects were observed 26 times in 22 patients, the incidence being 15.6% (22/141 cases). They consisted of digestive symptoms in 9.9% (6 events of dry mouth, 4 of constipation, 2 of abdominal discomfort, 2 of diarrhea and 1 of gastritis), urinary tract symptoms in 3.5% (4 of dysuria and 1 of residual urine), abnormal laboratory findings in 1.4% (increase in glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase or lactate dehydrogenase levels) and others (1.4%). These results provide further evidence of the safety and efficacy of propiverine hydrochloride (BUP-4 tablets) even when administered for a long-term in the treatment of patients with pollakiuria and urinary incontinence.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1997

Extracapsular invasion of lymph node metastasis is an indicator of distant metastasis and poor prognosis in patients with thyroid papillary carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: In patients with thyroid papillary carcinoma, age and the presence or absence of distant metastasis are regarded as the main prognostic factors. However, the histologic characteristics of thyroid papillary carcinoma that develops distant metastasis have not yet been clarified. METHODS: The histologic findings and prognosis of 50 patients with thyroid papillary carcinoma who later developed distant metastasis (metastatic group) were compared with those of 50 patients without local recurrence or distant metastasis (control group). The age, tumor size, and gender ratio of the control group were matched with those of the metastatic group. Univariate analyses (chi-square test and/or Fisher's exact test) and multivariate analyses (logistic regression) were performed. RESULTS: Univariate analyses showed that the incidence of nonpure papillary carcinoma, absence of bone at the periphery of the tumor, invasion of the perithyroidal muscle, large lymph node deposits, and extranodal invasion were significantly higher in the metastatic group. Multivariate analyses revealed that only extranodal invasion was statistically significant (P = 0.0045) and that the odds ratio of extranodal invasion in distant metastasis was 9. Moreover, the risk of death from thyroid carcinoma was higher among the patients with extranodal invasion than those without (P <0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The presence of extranodal invasion in patients with thyroid papillary carcinoma is an indicator of distant metastasis and poorer prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Detection of pancreatic and gastric cancer cells in peripheral and portal blood by amplification of keratin 19 mRNA with reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction.

Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) targeted at keratin 19 mRNA was applied to detect circulating cancer cells in the peripheral and portal blood of pancreatic and gastric cancer patients. Keratin 19 mRNA expression was studied by RT-PCR in cancer tissues (12 pancreatic and 15 gastric cancers) and in peripheral and/or portal blood samples from patients with pancreatic cancer (stage I, n = 5; stage II, n = 1; stage III, n = 15; stage IV, n = 19), gastric cancer (stage la,b, n = 28; stage II, n = 9; stage IIIa,b, n = 5; stage IVa,b, n = 7) and benign pancreatic diseases (n = 7). Peripheral blood samples from 50 healthy volunteers served as controls. RT-PCR was conducted in duplicate in each sample, and only samples showing keratin 19 transcript in both determinations were considered as being positive. All the pancreatic and gastric cancers, but none of the control blood samples, were found to be positive. Dilution study using pancreatic cancer cells serially mixed against peripheral blood showed that detection sensitivity was more than one cancer cell in 10(6) peripheral blood mononuclear cells. In pancreatic cancer patients, RT-PCR analysis of the portal blood samples gave positive results in one stage III and one stage IV patient, and that of peripheral blood samples gave positive results in 2 stage IV patients. No positive results were obtained in any of the blood samples from gastric cancer patients. Our results indicate that incidence of circulating cancer cells is unexpectedly very low even in advanced pancreatic and gastric cancer patients.

Humans↗
PubMed1997

The fourth component of the sarcoglycan complex.

We found a novel dystrophin-associated protein (DAP) exhibiting almost the same mobility as gamma-sarcoglycan on SDS-PAGE. This novel DAP with basic charge is separated from gamma-sarcoglycan by 2-dimensional PAGE or de-N-glycosylation followed by SDS-PAGE. This DAP is most likely the rabbit homologue of "delta-sarcoglycan", the gamma-sarcoglycan-like protein identified previously [Nigro et al. (1996) Hum. Mol. Genet. 5, 1179-1186], since an internal amino acid sequence from the DAP matched the predicted amino acid sequence of "human delta-sarcoglycan" within the limits of species difference and this DAP was recognized by anti-"delta-sarcoglycan" antibody. The DAP was found to be contained in the sarcoglycan fraction which was prepared by treatment of the dystrophin-DAP complex with n-octyl beta-D-glucoside and crosslinked with beta- and/or gamma-sarcoglycan by a chemical crosslinker, dithiobis(succinimidyl propionate). Therefore, we concluded that the DAP is the fourth component of the sarcoglycan complex.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1997

Predictive value of argyrophilic nucleolar-organizer-region-associated proteins in bladder cancer, using cell-imprint preparations.

The predictive value of quantifying argyrophilic nucleolar-organizer-region-associated proteins (Ag-NOR) in routinely processed paraffin-embedded tissue sections of bladder cancer remains controversial. The purpose of this study was to determine whether cell-imprint preparations facilitate a more accurate determination of the mean number of Ag-NOR per cell (Ag-NOR score). The utility of using the Ag-NOR scores of cell-imprint preparations as a prognostic indicator in patients with bladder cancer was explored. We evaluated 90 patients with newly diagnosed bladder cancer using cell-imprint preparations to determine Ag-NOR score. The score significantly correlated with known prognostic factors associated with this tumor, including histological grade (P < 0.001), pathological stage (P < 0.01), and papillary structure (P < 0.001). Furthermore, the Ag-NOR score appeared to be an independent predictor of intravesical tumor recurrence of superficial bladder cancer (P < 0.05). These results suggest that the Ag-NOR score determined in a cell imprint preparation may serve as a useful prognostic indicator in bladder cancer.

Carcinoma, Transitional Cell↗
PubMed1997

Thyroid cancer associated with adenomatous goiter: an analysis of the incidence and clinical factors.

We evaluated the incidence of thyroid cancer in patients with adenomatous goiter and investigated the clinical factors distinguishing patients with occult thyroid cancer, defined as a tumor size smaller than or equal to 10 mm, from those with clinical thyroid cancer, defined as a tumor size larger than 10 mm. Of 835 patients with histologically confirmed adenomatous goiter, 256 (30.7%) also had thyroid cancer, being occult in 137 patients and clinical in 119 patients. There was no correlation between the maximum size of the thyroid cancer tumor and the age of the patient, and the percentage of patients with thyroid cancer in each group was not influenced by age. There were no significant differences in age, sex, the serum concentrations of free triiodothyronine, free thyroxine, thyrotropin, and thyroglobulin, or the urinary iodine creatinine ratio. The frequency of calcified lesions being detected by ultrasonography (US) and/or neck X-ray in the patients with clinical thyroid cancer was significantly greater than that in those with occult cancer at 83% vs 57%, respectively (P < 0.0001). This study disclosed a high prevalence of thyroid cancer associated with adenomatous goiter, and the results suggest that a considerable number of associated carcinomas remain occult. The detection of calcification in the thyroid gland is one of the surgical indications for patients with adenomatous goiter.

Adenocarcinoma, Follicular↗
PubMed1997

GB virus C (GBV-C)/hepatitis G virus (HGV) infection among intravenous drug users in Japan.

A sero-epidemiologic survey of 74 IVDUs and 86 age-matched controls was performed to investigate the prevalence, clinical significance, and genetic distribution of GB virus C (GBV-C)/hepatitis G virus (HGV) infection among intravenous drug users (IVDUs) in Japan. GBV-C/HGV RNA was detected by reverse transcriptase-hemi-nested polymerase chain reaction (RT-hemi-nested PCR) for the 5'-untranslated region (5'-UTR) in 43.2% (32/79) of the IVDUs compared with 1.2% (1/86) of the controls (P < 0.001). The duration of drug use did not correlate with the prevalence of GBV-C/HGV. Thirteen subjects positive for GBV-C/HGV RNA without HCV RNA had normal serum aminotransferase concentrations. Phylogenetic tree showed that the 32 GBV-C/HGV-positive isolates from IVDUs were classified within a new GBV-C/HGV group, which has been identified mainly in Asian subjects (type 3). The present study illustrated, (1) the high incidence of GBV-C/HGV infection among Japanese IVDUs, (2) GBV-C/HGV alone may not be an important pathogenic factor for hepatic injury, and (3) type 3 GBV-C/HGV was the most prevalent among IVDUs in Japan.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Prognostic significance of Ki-67 expression in transitional cell bladder carcinoma after radical cystectomy.

We evaluated the prognostic significance of the Ki-67 labeling index (Ki-67 LI) in 75 patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder who underwent radical cystectomy. Immunohistochemical staining of archival material was performed by the streptavidin-biotin method. Univariate survival analysis showed that Ki-67 LI (p < 0.001), histologic grade (p < 0.05), tumor stage (p < 0.001) and the number of positive lymph nodes (p < 0.001) significantly correlated with prognosis. Multivariate survival analysis indicated that the Ki-67 LI (p < 0.05), histologic grade (p < 0.01), tumor stage (p < 0.01), presence of lymph node metastases (p < 0.05) and use of neo-adjuvant therapy (p < 0.05) had independent prognostic value. The Ki-67 LI is an independent prognostic factor for patients with transitional cell bladder cancer treated by radical cystectomy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Significance of the beta-subunit in the biogenesis of Na+/K(+)-ATPase.

This review summarizes our experiments on the significance of the beta-subunit in the functional expression of Na+/K(+)-ATPase. The beta-subunit acts like a receptor for the alpha-subunit in the biogenesis of Na+/K(+)-ATPase and facilitates the correct folding of the alpha-subunit in the membrane. The alpha-subunit synthesized in the absence of the beta-subunit is subjected to rapid degradation in the endoplasmic reticulum. Several assembly sites are assigned in the sequence of the beta-subunit from the cytoplasmic NH2-terminal domain to the extracellular COOH-terminus: the NH2-terminal region of the extracellular domain, the conservative proline in the third disulfide loop, the hydrophobic amino acid residues near the COOH-terminus and the cysteine residues forming the second and the third disulfide bridges. Upon assembly, the beta-subunit confers a resistance to trypsin on the alpha-subunit. The conformations induced in the alpha-subunit of Na+/K(+)-ATPase by Na+/K(+)- and H+/K(+)-ATPase beta-subunits are somehow different from each other and are named the NK-type and KH-type, respectively. The extracellular domain of the beta-subunit is involved in the folding of the alpha-subunit leading to trypsin-resistant conformations. The sequences from Cys150 to the COOH-terminus of the Na+/K(+)-ATPase beta-subunit and from Ile89 to the COOH-terminus of the H+/K(+)-ATPase beta-subunit are necessary to form trypsin-resistant conformations of the NK- and HK-type, respectively. The first disulfide loop of the extracellular domain of the beta-subunits is critical in the expression of functional Na+/K(+)-ATPase.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1997

Postoperative tetany in patients with Graves' disease: a risk factor analysis.

OBJECTIVE: There is little information regarding the clinical risk factors for postoperative tetany in patients with Graves' disease. We analysed the risk factors responsible for postoperative tetany by univariate and multivariate analysis in thyroidectomized patients with Graves' disease, and we discuss the mechanisms of hypocalcaemia and tetany after surgery. PATIENTS: The subjects were 1742 consecutive patients with Graves' disease who underwent subtotal thyroidectomy between 1992 and 1994. RESULTS: Univariate analysis of 15 possible risk factors demonstrated that 10 were significant: sex, required operation time, blood loss, preoperative serum calcium level, estimated weight of thyroid remnant, size of goitre, amount of excised thyroid tissue, serum alkaline phosphatase concentration, age at operation and TSH-binding inhibitory immunoglobin (TBII). In multivariate analysis in female patients, the risk factors were: preoperative lower serum calcium level, younger age, higher serum alkaline phosphatase concentration, larger size of goitre and higher value of TBII, in order of decreasing probability of significance. CONCLUSION: These results, combined with previous observations in which a significant decline in serum parathyroid hormone level was found in patients with Graves' disease who suffered postoperative tetany, suggests that postoperative tetany may occur during the period of bone restoration due to antithyroid drug therapy and be due to continuation of a calcium flux bone concomitant with transient hypoparathyroidism induced by surgery. Calcium supplements during preoperative period and/or after surgery may be appropriate for patients who are anticipated to develop postoperative tetany based on these risk factors.

Adolescent↗