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S Nishio

Publications and source records attributed to S Nishio.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy in a patient with hemophilia A. A case report].

We treated a 25-year-old hemophilia A patient (FVIII:C activity 2%) with left ureteral stone by means of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy under replacement therapy of concentrated Factor VIII material. The patient was attacked by sudden onset of left renal colic with gross hematuria on the 12th postoperative day. Renal ultrasonography and computed tomography demonstrated subcapsular bleeding of the left kidney. In spite of usual antihemophiliac replacement therapy, bleeding was extended from the retroperitoneal space to intraperitoneal and intrapleural space because potent Factor VIII inhibitors (14 Bethesda Unit) was produced. After embolization of the left renal artery, double filtration plasmapheresis and bypassing therapy using prothrombin complex concentrate were performed effectively to save the patient's life.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Study on free enzymes and proteins in the urine. Report IV: The effects of Iohexol on elderly patients with renal function disorder].

We assessed the nephrotoxicity of a non-ionic contrast medium, Iohexol, in 18 elderly patients. They were divided into two groups. Group 1 consisted of 12 patients with glomerular flow rate (GFR) above 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 (range 69-136; average 96) and group 2 consisted of 6 patients with GFR below 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 (range 38-59; average 49). Urine samples, collected before, immediately after, and on the third and sixth days after drip infused pyeloureterography (DIP) were analyzed for gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GTP), N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2-MG) and albumin. In group 1, immediately after DIP, the urinary excretion of albumin, gamma-GTP and NAG were significantly increased (p < 0.01, p < 0.01, p < 0.01). In group 2, immediately after DIP, the urinary excretion of gamma-GTP and beta 2-MG were significantly increased (p < 0.01, p < 0.1). The gamma-GTP and NAG values in both groups suggest that the damage of proximal tubules cells will not continue for more than 4 days. However, as for the reabsorption of beta 2-MG on proximal tubules, in group 2 the value did not return to the pre DIP level until 6 days after DIP. We believe it is important to postpone injection of non-ionic contrast medium within 6 days of its last usage.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1994

[Clinical application of a third generation lithotripter (Modulith SL20) for urinary tract calculi].

A third generation lithotripter (Modulith SL20) was used for disintegration of upper urinary tract calculi. From April 1991 through March 1993, a total of 281 sessions were carried out on 212 patients with upper urinary tract calculi at Seichoukai Fuchu Hospital. One month after the last session, of the 141 patients evaluated, 55 (39.0%) were free from stone fragments and 52 (36.9%) had stone fragments equal to or smaller than 4 mm. The over-all successful rate was 75.9% and the success rate was excellent for lower ureteral stones. As side effects, there were no serious complications other than perinephritic hematoma which occurred in 2 patients. These findings clearly indicated that the Modulith SL20 lithotripter was highly useful for disintegration of calculi of the upper urinary tract.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Hypothalamic hamartoma: the role of surgery.

A hypothalamic hamartoma associated with true precocious puberty in a 7-month-old girl is hereby reported. Hormonal studies disclosed elevated serum levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone, both of which responded well to LH-releasing hormone stimulation. Following a subtotal removal of the tumor, the clinical manifestations of precocious puberty as well as associated endocrinological abnormalities returned to normal. The role of surgery for this lesion, which appears to be safe when a planned microsurgical course is employed, is discussed.

Female↗
PubMed1993

Optico-hypothalamic glioma: an analysis of 16 cases.

We reviewed our experience of 16 patients with histologically proven optico-hypothalamic gliomas. They ranged in age from 0.3 to 15 years at the time of diagnosis. Fifteen tumors were located in the optic chiasm, optic nerve, optic tract and/or hypothalamus, while one tumor was confined to one optic nerve. All tumors were classified as low-grade astrocytomas, which were mainly composed of pilocytic astrocytes. No patient had associated neurofibromatosis. The initial treatment for tumors included surgery in 12, radiotherapy in 7, and chemotherapy in 4 patients. After treatment, visual function improved in 3 out of 14, and endocrine function improved in 1 out of 4 evaluable patients. The 5-year actuarial survival rate was 84.0%, and that at 10 years 71.1%. Our experience and the literature indicate that: (1) patients with disease limited to the optic nerve are adequately managed by resection alone; (2) chiasmal-hypothalamic gliomas behave variably, and progressive disease may occur late in the course of the illness; (3) gliomas that arise in patients under 2 years of age and involve the optic chiasm may act aggressively despite their histological benignity; (4) the beneficial effects of radiotherapy occur in about half of the patients; (5) although chemotherapy may be an effective adjuvant treatment modality, it is not an alternative to radiation therapy at present. Both surgery and irradiation therefore offer the best treatment now available for patients with progressive disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Germ cell tumor in the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial region: clinical features and treatment.

Twenty-one patients with germ cell tumors (17 germinomas and 4 teratomas) involving the hypothalamic-neurohypophysial (HN) region were reviewed retrospectively. Eleven patients were males and 10 females, and their ages ranged from 7 to 45 years (average 18.5 years). Diabetes insipidus was the initial and the most prominent symptom in most germinomas; in teratomas the most prominent symptom was visual disturbance. Fifteen patients with germinomas were treated by radiotherapy, and 4 with teratomas were treated by surgical resection alone. Two recent germinoma patients with extensive CSF dissemination were treated with systemic chemotherapy consisting of anticancer platinum drugs and etoposide, which resulted in a complete disappearance of the tumors. Patients with germinoma treated after the introduction of CT scanning had a greatly improved mortality rate, and their actual survival rate was 87.5% over 10 years. On the basis of this review, the authors consider that diagnosis at an early stage of the disease and chemotherapy, which can be an effective therapeutic alternative to radiation therapy, may improve not only the mortality rate but also the quality of life of patients with HN germ cell tumors.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Immunocytochemical detection of calcineurin and microtubule-associated protein 2 in central neurocytoma.

An immunohistochemical study was carried out on four cases of central neurocytoma, which had characteristic clinicopathological features including ultrastructural findings. Specific antibodies to calcineurin (CaN), microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2) and synaptophysin (SYP) were used. All tumor tissues examined showed specific immunoreactivity for CaN and MAP2. Immunolabelling of both molecules revealed that they were mainly localized in the perikarya and proximal processes of the tumor cells. SYP immunoreactivity was found in three of the four cases. SYP immunoreaction products were predominantly seen in the tumor cell processes, while the perikarya were weakly or moderately positive for SYP. The data suggest that CaN and MAP2, together with SYP, can be useful tools for identifying and characterizing of the central neurocytoma.

Calcineurin↗
PubMed1993

Crystallization kinetics of calcium oxalate in fresh, minimally diluted urine: comparison of recurrent stone formers and healthy controls in a continuous mixed suspension mixed product removal crystallizer.

A reproducible method has been developed for studying calcium oxalate crystallization from fresh, minimally diluted (92%) urine with the mixed suspension mixed product removal continuous crystallization technique. All samples were adjusted to give the same starting calcium and oxalate concentrations. Twenty-one recurrent male stone formers were compared with twenty-two healthy controls. There was no difference in crystal growth rates but crystal nucleation rates were much higher in the control group (p = 0.003). Using growth rate and nucleation rate results, the amount of crystalline material in suspension was shown to be lower in the urine from stone formers, and therefore the equilibrium supersaturation in the crystallizer was lower in the control group (p = 0.001). We propose that the ability of a healthy person's urine to maintain a lower supersaturation is a crucial protective factor distinguishing non-stone formers from stone formers.

Calcium Oxalate↗
PubMed1993

Effects of beraprost on the transmembrane potentials of guinea-pig ventricular muscles during normoxia and hypoxia-reoxygenation.

1. The present study was performed to determine whether beraprost, a new stable analogue of prostacyclin, may exert beneficial effects on the transmembrane action potentials during normoxia and hypoxia-reoxygenation in isolated right ventricular muscles of the guinea-pig. 2. Under normal oxygenation, beraprost (0.01-100 mumol-1) had no effects on the electrophysiological parameters. 3. Hypoxic conditions induced a decrease in action potential duration (APD) without affecting other action potential parameters. Beraprost inhibited this hypoxia-induced decrease in APD. However, beraprost had no effect on the decrease in contractile force induced by hypoxia, whereas it significantly improved the recovery of contractile force after reoxygenation. 4. Pinacidil-induced shortening of APD was not antagonized by beraprost. 5. Hypoxia significantly decreased the myocardial adenosine triphosphate (ATP) level, which was also prevented by beraprost. 6. These results suggested that beraprost may inhibit the hypoxia-induced shortening of APD by some mechanisms which contribute to the maintenance of muscle ATP level.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1993

[Urodynamic evaluation for bladder dysfunction after radical hysterectomy].

Bladder dysfunction after radical hysterectomy and/or radiotherapy for uterine cancer is a serious problem. Its pathogenesis has not been well elucidated. Urodynamic and clinical evaluations were performed in 53 patients; 24 of them underwent radical hysterectomy and postoperative radiotherapy (RH + RT), 13 had radical hysterectomy alone (RH), 7 had modified radical hysterectomy (mRH), 9 had radiotherapy alone (RT). Nine preoperative patients without micturition disturbance were examined, serving as controls. Patients with more than 50 ml of residual urine were only 3 in RH + RT, 2 in RH and 1 in RT. Bladder volumes at maximum desire to void were significantly lower in RT than in controls. Intravesical pressures at maximum desire to void were significantly higher in RH + RT and RH than in controls, but there were no significant differences between mRH or RT and controls. Detrusor compliances significantly decreased after radical hysterectomy and/or radiotherapy. Maximum urethral closure pressures significantly decreased after radical hysterectomy with or without radiotherapy. In RH + RT, 18 patients (75%) of them mainly complained of urinary incontinence. Their functional profile lengths were significantly shorter than in controls. We conclude that the pelvic plexus injury by radical hysterectomy compromise both urethral closure function and bladder compliance.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Cerebral neurocytoma. A new subset of benign neuronal tumors of the cerebrum.

Three cases of patients with unusual neuronal tumors in the cerebral hemisphere are reported. All were associated with long-standing epileptic seizures. Computed tomography disclosed low-density lesions without contrast enhancement, which were interpreted as either arachnoid cysts or a cerebral infarction at initial diagnosis. Magnetic resonance imaging scans, however, revealed the lesions to be solid tumors. At surgery, the tumors were found to be relatively well demarcated, soft, and gelatinous. Histologically, all tumors were composed of small uniform stellate cells, which proliferated in a loose myxoid fibrillary matrix and resembled either oligodendroglial or astrocytic tumors. Ultrastructurally, however, all tumors showed neuronal differentiation, including numerous clear and occasional dense-core vesicles, microtubules, and a number of synapses. A review of the literature uncovered no other such cases, and therefore it was decided to classify these tumors as a distinct group of benign neuronal tumors, designated as "cerebral" neurocytoma compared with "intraventricular" neurocytoma. Related nosologic problems of neuronal tumors of the central nervous system and their possible histogenesis are also discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Glycoprotein Ia/IIa-mediated activation-dependent platelet adhesion to collagen.

In the presence of anti-glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa antibody at the concentration which completely inhibit platelet aggregation, ADP (0.5-3 microM) increased platelet adhesion to collagen in a concentration-dependent manner under static conditions when platelet-rich plasma (PRP) was used for the assay instead of washed platelets. This was also supported by the results of scanning electron microscopic analyses. The ADP-induced platelet adhesion to collagen was inhibited by PGI2 or beraprost, a stable analogue of PGI2, in a concentration-dependent manner (1-10 ng/ml). These findings suggested the presence of activation-dependent platelet adhesion to collagen. ADP-induced platelet adhesion to collagen was almost completely inhibited by anti-GPIa/IIa and anti-GPIIa antibodies. In the present study, we provide the first direct evidence that the activation-dependent platelet adhesion to collagen is induced by ADP and that GPIa/IIa also plays an important role in the mechanisms of this adhesion.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1992

Hypophyseal metastatic hypernephroma mimicking a pituitary adenoma. Case report.

A patient with a remote history of nephrectomy for hypernephroma presented a visual field defect with hypopituitarism. Neuro-imaging studies showed a highly vascularized sellar mass with suprasellar extension. Surgery, which was performed via the subfrontal approach, disclosed the pituitary tumor to be a hypernephroma. Although anterior pituitary involvement is rare, chiasmal compression is much rarer in metastatic pituitary carcinomas, a review of previously reported cases of metastatic pituitary hypernephroma and our own case indicated that pituitary metastasis from this carcinoma, in contrast to other metastatic pituitary tumors, often mimics pituitary adenoma.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1992

The effects of beraprost Na, a stable prostacyclin analog, on animal models of stroke.

We evaluated the effects of beraprost Na (Sodium (+-)-(1R*,2R*, 3aS*,8bS*)-2,3,3a,8b-tetrahydro-2-hydroxy-1-[(E)-(3S*)-3- hyd roxy-4-methyl-1- octen-6-ynyl]-1H-cyclopenta[b]benzofuran-5-butylate, beraprost), a stable and orally active prostacyclin (PGI2) analog with potent antiplatelet and vasodilating properties, on two stroke models, namely sudden death induced by arachidonate (AA) in rabbits and spontaneous stroke in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP). In the AA-induced sudden death model, 30 min after beraprost administration (1 or 3 mg/kg, po), AA was injected into the rabbit internal carotid artery, and incidence of convulsion and sudden death were assessed. Beraprost decreased both incidence of convulsion and mortality of rabbits. In SHRSP, orally administered beraprost (100 micrograms/kg, twice a day from 56-385 d of age) improved survival rate and decreased incidence of stroke. Preventive effects of beraprost on the two stroke models may have been caused mainly by the improvement of cerebral circulation. These results indicate that beraprost may have potential in the treatment and/or prevention of the cerebral circulatory disorders.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Combined effect of interleukin 2 and cyclophosphamide in therapy of mice with transitional cell carcinoma.

We investigated the effect of combination therapy with interleukin 2 (IL-2) and cyclophosphamide (CPM) in C3H/HeN mice implanted with mouse bladder tumor cells (MBT2). MBT2-bearing mice were treated with a single intraperitoneal injection of 120 mg/kg CPM on day 10 and/or subcutaneous administration of 5 x 10(4) units IL-2/day from day 11 to day 20. As a result, the growth of tumor in mice treated with IL-2 alone was slightly suppressed. On the other hand, regression was observed in all mice treated with CPM alone, although regrowth of tumor was seen in all of them. However, when IL-2 was administered with CPM, regrowth of tumor was completely suppressed. An immunologic study was done that showed cytotoxicity against YAC-1 and P815 in the spleen cells was suppressed in mice treated with CPM alone, but that both recovered to control levels when IL-2 was administered with CPM. Cytotoxicity against MBT2 in the spleen cells was most elevated in mice treated with both IL-2 and CPM. These findings suggested that clinical evaluation of combination therapy with IL-2 and CPM may be worthwhile.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Identification of the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve during thyroidectomy.

Seventy-six patients underwent preoperative vocal evaluation and were randomized into 3 groups: (1) those with the superior thyroid pole dissected by the first author, with the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve (EBSLN) identified by means of a nerve stimulator; (2) those patients whose dissection was executed by a resident, with no nerve search; and (3) those whose dissection was undertaken by the first author, without any nerve search. Postoperative analysis consisted of voice evaluation and electromyography of the cricothyroid muscle. No lesion occurred in patients in group 1. Twenty-eight percent of patients in group 2 and 12% in group 3 experienced a complete lesion of the EBSLN (p = 0.0123). When the patients in group 1 were compared with the patients with 62 nerves corresponding to nonoperated thyroid lobes, patients in group 1 exhibited no increased risk, whereas a significantly increased hazard was evident in both groups 2 (p = 0.0002776) and 3 (p = 0.0346393). In this study, effective prevention of iatrogenic EBSLN lesions during thyroidectomies was achieved only by the intraoperative identification of the nerve with the nerve stimulator.

Adult↗