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S Nishida

Publications and source records attributed to S Nishida.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

Effects of yogurt supplemented with brewer's yeast cell wall on constipation and intestinal microflora in rats.

Brewer's yeast cell wall (BYC) is a valuable foodstuff that prevents constipation in rats. In this study, the effects of yogurt supplemented with brewer's yeast cell wall (BYC-Y) on constipated male Sprague-Dawley rats induced by loperamide (2 mg/kg body weight) were investigated. The preventive effect of BYC-Y on experimentally constipated rats was examined and compared with that of nonfiber diet (Control) and standard yogurt (Yogurt) as the control diets. The number of feces and fecal dry weight were greater in rats fed with BYC-Y than in those fed with Control or Yogurt. Moreover, the effect of BYC on the improvement of cecal microflora in constipated experimental model rats was evaluated. The number of Lactobacillus, Eubacterium, and total anaerobes per unit cecal contents increased (p<0.03) as a result of BYC ingestion. These findings indicate that BYC-Y or BYC is effective for the alleviation of constipation and bowel environment.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

[Desmoid tumor of the chest wall infiltrating into the brachial plexus: report of a resected case].

We report a case of a desmoid tumor which developed in the apex of the chest wall. A 18-year-old woman was admitted with left shoulder pain. Chest X-ray showed a mass shadow in the left upper lung field. Chest MRI demonstrated the mass infiltrated into the left brachial plexus. A desmoid tumor was suspected on percutaneous needle biopsy. Resection of the tumor was performed. The mass was 13 x 9 x 5 cm in size and diagnosed pathologically as desmoid tumor. Adjunctive postoperative radiation therapy of 60 Gy was done. Postoperative course was uneventful except motor disturbances of the left fingers. At 15 months postoperatively, there was no evidence of recurrence.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[A case report of total repair in a 71-year-old patient with tetralogy of Fallot].

A 71-year-old male is presented as ever the oldest patient of tetralogy of Fallot who underwent successful radical surgery. Heart murmur was pointed out at the age of 10 years. The patient consulted us because of dyspnea and cough, and was noted to have cyanosis and clubbing fingers. Polycythemia was also detected by hemoglobin of 20.8 g/dl and hematocrit of 58.4%, and a low PaO2 of 48.5 mmHg at room temperature was pointed out. Preoperative echocardiography and cardiac catheterization indicated a ventricular septal defect, overriding of the aorta, and right ventricular outflow tract stenosis with a pressure gradient of 115 mmHg between the right ventricle and the main pulmonary artery. Under cardiopulmonary bypass, the ventricular septal defect was closed with a dacron patch and the right ventricular outflow tract was enlarged by a patch of collagen-coated vascular graft with a commissurotomy of the pulmonary valve. Postoperatively, cyanosis disappeared and the pressure gradient was decreased to 26 mmHg.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

[Clinical study on renal trauma].

A total of 64 patients with renal trauma were treated at the Department of Urology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, from January 1988 to December 1996. Patients were between 3 and 66 years old (mean 28.2); 56 (87.5%) of them were male and 8 (12.5%) were female. The main cause of injury was a traffic accident in 33 cases (51.6%). According to the Classification of Renal Injury by the Japanese Association for the Surgery of Trauma in Japan, there were 27 cases (42.2%) of Type I (subcapsular injury), 12 cases (18.8%) of Type II (superficial injury), 16 cases (25.0%) of Type III (Deep injury), 6 cases (9.4%) of Type IV (Pedicle injury). Surgical treatment was performed in 6 cases (9.3%). The major associated injuries were bone fracture in 33 cases (51.6%), lung injury in 20 cases (31.3%) and liver injury in 16 cases (25.0%). The literature is also reviewed briefly.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed2000

Decrease of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat cerebral cortex.

We reported in our previous study that constitutive nitric oxide synthase (cNOS) activity significantly decreased and oxygen stress increased in the 31-week-old stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHRSP) cerebral cortex (CC). In the present study we examined the protein amount of two cNOS isoforms, the neuronal and the endothelial types, in SHRSP CC using Western blot analysis. Although no significant difference was observed in the amount of neuronal NOS (nNOS) protein, endothelial NOS (eNOS) protein prominently decreased in 31-week-old SHRSP CC compared to age-matched Wistar Kyoto rat and 15-week-old SHRSP. In rats at this age, we also observed a large quantity of albumin in the protein amount. However, the protein amount of heat shock protein 70, which is a molecular chaperon and a marker of injury, showed no significant changes. These results indicate that the alteration of eNOS but not of nNOS protein would be more closely associated with the development of stroke in SHRSP.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Liver transplantation with renoportal anastomosis after distal splenorenal shunt.

BACKGROUND: The distal splenorenal shunt (DSRS) is designed to maintain hepatopetal portal vein flow while decompressing gastroesophageal varices. However, over time, as the underlying liver disease progresses, the DSRS loses its selectivity. The most common method of addressing this issue during orthotopic liver transplantation is shunt ligation with or without splenectomy. Dismantling the shunt increases the complexity of the transplantation, and splenectomy may increase the risk of infection. HYPOTHESIS: Anastomosis of the donor portal vein to the left renal vein without dismantling the shunt is an effective method of portal vein reconstruction for patients with a patent DSRS. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis. SETTING: University-based teaching hospital, Miami, Fla. PATIENTS: Five liver transplant recipients with patent DSRS who received an orthotopic liver transplant between September 1996 and August 1999. INTERVENTIONS: The donor portal vein was anastomosed end-to-end to the left renal vein during liver transplantation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Perioperatve morbidity, portal vein flow by Doppler study, patient survival, and graft survival. RESULTS: In all patients, the graft liver reperfused promptly via flow through the left renal vein with adequate decompression of the bowel. Normal portal venous flow was demonstrated by intraoperative and postoperative Doppler ultrasound studies. At the mean follow-up of 16 months, 4 patients were alive with well-functioning grafts. CONCLUSIONS: This novel technique has the advantage of decreasing the complexity of the procedure, without requiring splenectomy, while securing adequate portal perfusion. Additionally, it can be applied without modifications in patients with portal vein thrombosis.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Molecular detection of disseminated cancer cells in the peripheral blood and expression of sialylated antigens in colon cancers.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: To improve the survival rate of patients with colon cancer, liver metastases must be eradicated in a clinically occult state. This study was designed to find a predictor for potential liver metastases or micrometastases in colon cancer. METHODS: Peripheral blood samples and tumor specimens were obtained from 36 patients with colon cancers. The blood samples were subjected to reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis, and the expression of sialylated carbohydrates was also investigated in the tumors immunohistochemically. RESULTS: A carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)-specific signal in the blood was detected in 9 of 12 (75%) patients with liver metastasis and in 8 of 24 (33%) patients without liver metastasis, respectively (P < 0.05). The positive rates of sialyl Lewis A (sLeA) and sialyl Lewis X (sLeX) were 36.3% and 40% in tumors without liver metastasis vs. 58.3% and 100% with liver metastasis, respectively. Within a year after surgery, liver metastases became clinically evident in three of the four patients without liver metastasis who showed a CEA-positive signal in their blood preoperatively and who had tumors with a strong expression of sLeX. CONCLUSIONS: A combination of both markers may provide prognostic information for liver metastases in colon cancer.

Colonic Neoplasms↗
PubMed2000

Abdominal multivisceral transplantation in pigs.

We investigated the technical aspects of porcine abdominal multivisceral transplantation, in terms of pathophysiological features in animals given no immunosuppresant. The splanchnic organs of the donor animal were flushed in situ with University of Wisconsin solution via the abdominal aorta, using a pump. After a relatively short period of cold storage in saline, multivisceral grafts, including the liver, pancreas, and gastrointestinal tract, were transplanted orthotopically. Of the 18 recipient pigs that underwent the operation, 9 (50%) died within 24 h, mainly because of respiratory insufficiency (n = 5) and circulatory shock (n = 3). Three animals (17%) were lost to acute renal failure between the second and fifth postoperative days. Six pigs (33%) survived for more than 1 week, and the causes of death in these animals were bowel obstruction (n = 1), pneumonia (n = 2), rejection of the intestinal graft (n = 2), and deterioration (n = 1). Although the results of this study were not satisfactory, abdominal multivisceral transplantation using pigs is practical and may lead to the possible resolution of various problems, in regard to the immunologic aspects and the interrelationship of transplanted complex organs.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

A hierarchical structure of motion system revealed by interocular transfer of flicker motion aftereffects.

Interocular transfer of the motion aftereffect (MAE) has been extensively investigated for the purpose of analysing the binocularity of the underlying motion mechanism. Previous studies unanimously reported that the transfer of the classical static MAE is partial, but there is a controversy as to whether the transfer of the flicker MAE (MAE measured using counterphase gratings) is partial or perfect. To gain insight into the discrepancy between studies, we investigated whether the interocular transfer of the flicker MAE is influenced by the MAE measurement method, retinal eccentricity and attention. Our results showed that the transfer was perfect or nearly so when the MAE duration was measured in the central visual field with observers paying attention to the adaptation stimulus, but the transfer was partial when the MAE nulling strength was measured, when the MAE duration was measured in the peripheral visual field, or when the observers' attention was distracted by a secondary task. These results not only resolve discrepancies between previous studies, but also suggest that the flicker MAE reflects adaptation at multiple stages in the hierarchical architecture of motion processing.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed2000

Type IV collagenase and immunostaining of type IV collagen in human thyroid tumors.

OBJECTIVE: Required stages in the processes of malignant tumor invasion and metastasis are known to include the destruction of cell stroma and vascular basement membrane. It has been suggested that type IV collagenase can degrade type IV collagen, a main component of basement membrane. In our study, type IV collagenase activity was compared with the grade of destruction of type IV collagen by thyroid tumors. METHODS: Type IV collagenase activity was measured in human thyroid tissue obtained surgically from four patients with Graves' disease, four with follicular adenoma, six with papillary carcinoma, and four with follicular carcinoma. Six normal thyroid tissue specimens were also studied. The grade of destruction in the diseased regions of thyroid tumors and surrounding intact tissues were determined immunochemically by anti-type IV collagen antibody staining. RESULTS: Tumors with high type IV collagenase activity exhibited extracapsular invasion, lymph node metastasis and very weak discontinuity of immunostaining for type IV collagen from the basement membrane in diseased regions. In addition, surrounding intact tissues exhibited weak immunostaining for type IV collagen. Tumors with low type IV collagenase activity exhibited neither extracapsular invasion nor lymph node metastasis, but did exhibit weak immunostaining for type IV collagen from the basement membranes in diseased regions. However, the surrounding intact tissues had preserved type IV collagen in follicular basement membranes. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that staining for type IV collagen can be considered a biochemical marker for prediction of the aggressiveness of invasion and metastasis.

Adenoma↗
PubMed2000

Small amount of low-residue diet with parenteral nutrition can prevent decreases in intestinal mucosal integrity.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the suitable combination ratio of low-residue diet (LRD) and parenteral nutrition (PN) for nutritional support of surgical patients. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Bacterial translocation (BT) is a severe complication of total parenteral nutrition (TPN). However, it is sometimes impossible to supply sufficient amounts of nutrients to surgical patients by the enteral route. The authors reported previously that concomitant use of LRD with PN provided preferable nutritional support for patients undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer. METHODS: Ninety male Donryu rats were used for three experiments. In experiment 1, rats were divided into two groups to receive TPN or total enteral nutrition with LRD. In experiment 2, rats were divided into six groups, receiving variable amounts of LRD. In experiment 3, rats were divided into five groups to receive isocaloric nutritional support with variable proportions of PN and LRD. Intestinal permeability was assessed by monitoring urinary excretion of phenolsulfonphthalein. BT was assessed in tissue cultures of mesenteric lymph nodes and spleen. RESULTS: In experiment 1, increases in intestinal permeability and BT were observed in rats maintained on 7-day TPN, but not in those maintained on total enteral nutrition for up to 14 days. In experiment 2, the changes in body weight of rats were correlated with the dose of LRD. However, the intestinal permeability was increased only in rats receiving LRD at 15 kcal/kg per day. In experiment 3, additive LRD corresponding to 15% of total caloric intake prevented increases in intestinal permeability and BT. CONCLUSION: Combined nutritional therapy consisting of PN and small amounts of LRD can provide better nutritional support than TPN for surgical patients.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Coronary artery bypass grafting in patients with hypopituitarism.

Three patients with angina pectoris and hypopituitarism underwent coronary artery bypass grafting. The patients received perioperative replacement steroid and thyroid hormone therapy, and there were no complications. Careful perioperative hormonal management is necessary for patients with hypopituitarism.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

[Clinical study of transurethral surgery for benign prostatic hyperplasia using a thick loop (VaporTome)].

From December 1996 to June 1998, we performed transurethral surgery of the prostate using a thick loop, VaporTome developed by Circon ACMI on 23 patients with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The mean international prostate symptom score decreased significantly, from 22.6 at baseline to 9.0, 6.5, 4.9 and 5.3 at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after operation, respectively. The mean quality of life index also decreased significantly, from 5.5 to 1.8, 1.8, 1.4 and 1.2, respectively. The mean peak flow rate increased significantly, from 6.2 preoperatively to 15.8, 17.1, 16.6 and 17.4 ml/sec at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after operation, respectively. The mean prostate volume decreased significantly, from 66.9 to 24.8, 17.3, 19.0 and 18.2 ml. The mean residual urine decreased significantly, from 167.9 to 11.4, 9.4, 12.8 and 20.4 ml. As for overall efficacy, the rate of excellent and good cases at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months was 80.9, 89.4, 94.7 and 85.8%, respectively. No serious complications were observed. Our clinical results suggest that transurethral surgery for BPH using VaporTome has several potential advantages including high efficacy, minimal morbidity compared with standard transurethral resection of the prostate and lower cost compared with other minimally invasive procedures.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

[A case of recurrent spontaneous vesical rupture subsequent to irradiation for uterine cancer].

The patient, a 68-year-old woman, had undergone radical hysterectomy and post-operative radiotherapy for uterine cancer in 1974. She was admitted to our hospital complaining of abdominal pain in February, 1996. Contrast-enhanced computed tomographic scan and cystography showed leakage of contrast medium around the bladder. We diagnosed her with spontaneous vesical rupture, and performed conservative therapy. Two months later, she was re-admitted with recurrent vesical rupture. We again performed conservative therapy. We consider that conservative therapy can be indicated for spontaneous vesical rupture with good general condition and no severe urinary tract infection.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Clinical application of three-dimensional ultrasound in fetal brain assessment.

AIM: To clarify the usefulness of three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound in the assessment of the fetal head and brain, according to 3D ultrasound surface reconstruction, multiplanar image analysis, three-dimensional angiography, and volume calculation. METHODS: We examined 326 normal fetuses between 10 and 40 weeks of gestation using 3D ultrasound (Voluson, 530D, Medison, Seoul, Korea), mainly with transvaginal 3D transducer. Fetal head structures, such as the skull, brain structure, and brain circulation, were presented by surface mode, multiplanar imaging mode, and three-dimensional Doppler mode. After automatic volume acquisition of the fetal head, image analyses were performed off-line, and 3D View software was used for volume imaging of the lateral ventricle and choroid plexus in randomly selected 30 normal fetuses. Seven fetuses with intracranial abnormalities were evaluated by 3D ultrasound functions. RESULTS: Surface mode of 3D ultrasound objectively depicted in vivo development of the cranial bones and formation of the cranial sutures and fontanelles in normal fetuses. Multiplanar image analysis of the brain structure presented a fetal brain in more cutting sections than conventional 2D ultrasound. Transvaginal 3D angiography was successful in 13% of normal fetuses and rotation of 3D circulatory image allowed the analysis of the intracranial vessels. Volume imaging showed the intracranial structures, such as the lateral ventricle and choroid plexus. Intracranial abnormalities were longitudinally evaluated by 3D ultrasound and objective images helped in reaching prenatal diagnoses. CONCLUSION: Advanced 3D ultrasonography and software for volume analysis can provide additional objective information about the fetal skull formation, brain structure, and brain circulation.

Angiography↗