Biomedical subjects

S Nilsson

Publications and source records attributed to S Nilsson.

581 records · Page 33Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

PET with hydroxytryptophan as tracer in hormone-refractory prostatic adenocarcinoma: evaluation of decarboxylation in vivo.

Position emission tomography (PET) was performed on two patients with hormone-refractory prostatic adenocarcinoma in order to characterize the mechanism behind an earlier observed increased uptake of tracer hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) in bone metastases. The osseous metastases were investigated with 5-hydroxytryptophan, radio-labelled with 11C in the carboxyl group (5-HTC), and with 5-HTP in order to elucidate in vivo the presence of hydroxytryptophan decarboxylation. An increased uptake, measured as standard uptake value (SUV), in the metastatic lesions was observed using 5-HTP. The uptake varied between lesions. Using 5-HTC a corresponding uptake was observed. The time-activity rates were similar. The congruence in uptake patterns between 5-HTP and 5-HTC in the investigated lesions, demonstrates that decarboxylation of 5-hydroxytryptophan to serotonin is not a dominant factor in the uptake. It was concluded that 5-HTC could be used in vivo to investigate the chemical event of decarboxylation of 5-hydroxytryptophan and provide information about characteristics in metastatic lesions.

5-Hydroxytryptophan↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The analgesic efficacy of clodronate compared with placebo in patients with painful bone metastases from prostatic cancer.

Fifty-five patients with hormone refractory prostate cancer and painful bone metastases were randomised either to placebo or to clodronate 300 mg i.v. for 3 days, followed by oral clodronate 3200 mg for four weeks. Pain intensity was assessed using Visual Analogue Scales (VAS). Mean overall pain as well as mean pain during the best and worst periods were recorded. Forty-six patients were evaluable for efficacy. No significant differences were found between the two treatments. As regards mean worst pain a substantial numerical fall was registered for the treatment group, 21 mm, but the improvement was not significant compared to that of the placebo group. This was probably due to the limited number of patients (the study was prematurely ended due to problems recruiting patients). In conclusion, no significant differences were found between the treatment arm and the controls, in contrast to results from previous studies. Possible explanations are that the doses in this study were generally lower than in previous studies, the mean baseline pain was substantially lower and that the current study was placebocontrolled. Our data indicate that if clodronate is to be used for the alleviation of bone pain in prostate cancer, patients with high baseline should be selected and high intravenous doses should be given at start of the treatment.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[111In-DTPA-D-Phe1]-octreotide scintigraphy in patients with hormone-refractory prostatic adenocarcinoma can predict therapy outcome with octreotide treatment: a pilot study.

A pilot study to evaluate the predictive value of Indium-111-labelled somatostatin analogue [DTPA-D-Phe1]-octreotide scintigraphy (OctreoScan111) in the Octreotide treatment of hormone-refractory prostatic adenocarcinoma was initiated. Ten patients were investigated with OctreoScan111 with regard to disease extension and tumor-to-background ratio. Subsequently, the patients were treated with Octreotide (Sandoz, Basel, Schweiz) at a dose of 100 micrograms twice a day subcutaneously. Three patients experienced symptomatic relief, and two of these responded with a decrease in PSA. Three patients did not notice any difference after 6 months of treatment and two of them developed an increase in their PSA value. One patient progressed after five months as regards both PSA and symptoms. Three patients were not able to complete treatment. Of the seven evaluable patients, the three with the highest tumour-to-background ratios at OctreoScan111 were those patients with reduced or stable PSA levels, and none of these progressed during treatment. Previous reports along with this study demonstrate that only a minority of patients with hormone-refractory prostatic adenocarcinoma benefit from Octreotide treatment. However, OctreoScan111 investigations may identify patients who will respond to Octreotide therapy.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMedDate not supplied

GM-CSF in chemotherapy-induced febrile neutropenia--a double-blind randomized study.

Modern chemotherapy programmes render patients susceptible to bacterial and fungal infections, and the risk of developing febrile neutropenia after a chemotherapy course is in proportion to the severity and duration of the neutropenia thus caused. This double-blind randomized study presents details of 29 patients who developed febrile neutropenia an average of 10 days after their course of chemotherapy for different types and stages of malignancy. Fourteen received granulocyte/macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and 15 placebo during 7 consecutive days as subcutaneous injections. The GM-CSF group demonstrated significant increases in total white blood cell count (TWBC) and absolute neutrophil count (ANC) from the morning of the third day of the study. The study concludes that GM-CSF has an important therapeutic role in the treatment of febrile neutropenia that arises during intensive chemotherapy programmes but further studies of dosage and therapy duration are required, as is the development of methods of assessing bone marrow vitality.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Pain figures are unsuitable for determination of palliative radiotherapy portals in patients with hormone refractory prostatic cancer.

We aimed to compare bone scintigraphy with pain extension and other quality of life (QoL) factors in order to evaluate QoL and the appropriateness of using pain figures and a subjective pain description as the basis for palliative radiotherapy (RT) portals. Twenty-three patients with progressive hormone-refractory prostatic adenocarcinoma were investigated with bone scintigraphy and completed pain figures, VAS (visual analogue scales) and a comprehensive self-questionnaire concerning QoL. The Soloway score was significantly correlated with Impaired overall QoL (p = 0.05), and especially with questions regarding restriction of movements (p = 0.001). Weight bearing regions were significantly more often affected at bone scintigraphy than other locations in the group of patients reporting incidental pain during exercise. Surprisingly, a poor level of correlation existed when comparing location of pain with location of uptake on bone scintigraphy, even if an adjacent region was included in the comparison. The subjective description of pain extension in pain figures correlates poorly with the uptake patterns at bone scintigraphy--an interesting finding since pain extensions is regularly used for the definition of palliative RT portals. Furthermore, it appears that the tumour burden itself is not and indicator of the pain score at rest, but affects aspects of QoL. Moreover, it would appears as though the location of metastases in the skeleton significantly affects physical quality of life aspects. It is probably more important to irradiate weight bearing regions of skeleton in order to increase QoL.

Adenocarcinoma↗