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Biomedical subjects

S Nilsson

Publications and source records attributed to S Nilsson.

At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

On the adrenergic system of ganoid fish: the Florida spotted gar, Lepisosteus platyrhincus (Holostei).

Falck-Hillarp fluorescent histochemistry, analyses of catecholamine content in different organs and experiments with drug effects on isolated strip preparations were used to study the adrenergic system of the Florida spotted gar, Lepisosteus platyrhincus. The study reveals a well developed system of adrenergic nerve terminals, especially in blood vessels and in the wall of the sinus venosus and atrium. The lung (swimbladder) receives an excitatory cholinergic nerve supply which controls both smooth and striated muscle in the trabeculae of the lung. No conclusive evidence for an adrenergic inhibitory innervation of the lung was obtained. Chromaffin cells line the walls of the posterior cardinal veins, similar to the situation in the teleosts, and the dominating catecholamine in the chromaffin tissue and in the blood plasma is adrenaline. The concentration of adrenaline in the blood plasma is high enough to affect the contraction force of the heart, and circulating adrenaline may thus contribute to the adrenergic control of the heart in this species.

Adrenergic Fibers↗
PubMed1981

HCG, progesterone and 17-beta-estradiol levels during extra-amniotically induced early abortion by a new prostaglandin derivative (Sulprostone).

A new prostaglandin E2 derivative (Sulprostone) was given extra-amniotically to 17 healthy women, who were 7-8 weeks pregnant, in order to assess the plasma profile of HCG, 17 beta-estradiol (E2), and progesterone and to evaluate the effectiveness and overall acceptability of the method in relation to different dose levels. On the lowest dose level (5 micrograms) only 3 of 7 patients aborted within a 3-to 6-day period. At higher dose levels (10 and 15 micrograms, respectively) 9 out of 10 women exhibited clinical evidence of an abortion. In the group who aborted, E2, progesterone, and HCG decreased continuously, whereas in the nonabortion group decreased levels were found 3 and 6 h after administration of the drug, but already after 24 h the values had again increased. Practically all treated women experienced lower abdominal discomfort, 7 (41%) reported the pains being severe. Vomiting and/or diarrhea occurred in 4 patients (24%). Similarly to other hitherto tested prostaglandins in humans, this new analogue exhibits its effect primarily through direct stimulatory effect on the uterine smooth muscle, resulting in subsequent decline in the concentrations of HCG, E2, and progesterone. In the group of successful inductions the decrease of the HCG concentration was close the half-time of HCG, indicating a permanent damage to the placenta. Despite the high success rate at a dose of 10 micrograms or more, the side effects, mainly abdominal cramps. were too severe to make this method feasible for the induction of early abortion when comparing to the available routine procedure of rapid vacuum curettage used on an outpatients basis.

Abortifacient Agents↗
PubMed1981

Vaginal application of a chemotherapeutic agent before legal abortion. A way of reducing infectious complication?

In an attempt to reduce the incidence of infectious complications after first trimester legal abortion 199 healthy, early pregnant women were treated with chloroquinaldol (SterosanR vaginal jelly) during six days before their vacuum aspiration. A group of 291 women served as control. In the treatment group 18 women (9%) had a postoperative gynecological infection while this condition was found in 37 women (12.8%) in the control group. This difference is not statistically significant. The authors conclude that preoperative prophylactic treatment with Sterosan vaginal jelly does not seem to reduce postoperative infectious complications after first trimester legal abortions.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1981

Focal prostatic granulomas. A sequel to transurethral resection.

Clinical and histologic findings in 6 cases of prostatic granuloma following transurethral prostatic resection are described. The repeat operations were performed 1 week to 14 months after the initial resection because of severe micturition urgency, voiding difficulty or persistent haematuria. Bacteriuria did not seem to be of aetiologic importance for the granulomas. In all cases the granulomas contained areas of fibrinoid necrosis, and in three cases the granulomas were surrounded by eosinophilic infiltrates. The condition is not widely recognized by pathologists, which was illustrated by the initial diagnosis of specific inflammation consistent with tuberculosis in three patients. Though the disorder seems to be self-limiting, its association with persistent haematuria after transurethral prostatic resection is noteworthy.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Clear cell adenocarcinoma of the urethra. A case report.

Clear cell adenocarcinoma of the urethra is a very rare entity. The presented case in a 35-year-old woman is the fourth in the literature. The tumour was localized in the wall of the urethra and infiltrated into the outer muscular layer of the urinary bladder. Metastatic spread was found in the paraaortic lymph nodes up to the level of the renal arteries. The final outcome was fatal in spite of the combined treatment with extensive surgery, cytostatic drugs and radiotherapy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1981

Isolation of Chlamydia trachomatis from the urethra and from prostatic fluid in men with signs and symptoms of acute urethritis.

Chlamydia trachomatis was isolated from the urethra in 71 of 275 men primarily attending the outpatient clinic of the Department of Urology because of symptoms of acute urethritis, and with more than four polymorphonuclear leukocytes in each of at least five fields of the swabbed urethral exudate (x1000). C. trachomatis was isolated from 34 of 48 men below 26 years of age, while only 37 of the 227 men aged 26 years or older harboured chlamydial infection. C. trachomatis was isolated from the prostatic secretion of 26 men with acute urethritis and more than 20 polymorphonuclear leukocytes in 10 or more random fields (x450) in the stripped prostatic fluid, suggesting a positive correlation between chlamydial infection and sub-acute silent prostatitis. Among 70 men with C. trachomatis isolated from the urethra, the organism had disappeared at re-examination within 10 days in 19 (27%). Such a disappearance was found in only one of 26 men (4%) in whom C. trachomatis had been isolated not only from the urethra but also from stripped prostatic fluid. Four weeks after two treatment cycles of lymecycline 300 mg twice daily for 7 days with an interval of 10 days, C. trachomatis was but isolated in any urethral specimen, nor from the expressed prostatic fluid.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Deoxyuridine triphosphate pools after polyoma virus infection.

The synthesis of polyoma DNA in virus-infected 3T6 mouse fibroblasts is discontinuous with the intermediate formation of short Okazaki fragments. Hydroxyurea, an inhibitor of the enzyme ribonucleotide reductase, inhibits polyoma DNA synthesis, as measured by incorporation of radioactive thymidine. In the inhibited state, almost all incorporation occurs into short fragments. We investigated to what extent formation of short DNA fragments might be the result of incorporation of deoxyuridine triphosphate (dUTP) into DNA, followed by excision and repair reactions. We devised a sensitive enzymatic method for measuring dUTP in cell extracts which allows the determination of the dUTP pool when this pool amounts to between 0.1 and 2% of the dTTP pool. No dUTP was detected in growing mouse fibroblasts. After infection with polyoma virus cell extracts contained 0.4% dUTP (of dTTP) at the peak of DNA synthesis. Addition of hydroxyurea at this point led to a disappearance of dUTP. We conclude that dUTP incorporation can contribute only minimally to the generation of short fragments during polyoma DNA synthesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

The significance of lamina propria invasion on the prognosis of patients with bladder tumors.

We reviewed 177 patients with superficial bladder tumors. The prognosis for 78 patients with non-invasive grades 1 to 3 tumors was excellent regardless of treatment. In 99 patients with tumors infiltrating the lamina propria the 5 and 10-year survival rates were 71 and 64 per cent, respectively. The prognosis of patients with grades 2 and 3 tumors infiltrating the lamina propria submitted to transurethral resection or cystectomy was excellent. In contrast, the prognosis was poor among patients with signs of tumor invasion of the lymphatic vessels of the lamina propria and patients undergoing transurethral resection and supervoltage irradiation. Our study indicates that patients with grade 1 to 3 bladder tumors, which are confined to the mucosa or do not infiltrate deeper than into the lamina propria should, if possible, be managed by transurethral resection. However, if lymphatic invasion is present the patient does not seem to benefit from an operation alone. Thus, the combined treatment of supervoltage irradiation and an extensive operation may be considered in these patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Survival of irradiated glia and glioma cells studied with a new cloning technique.

A method allowing cloning of monolayer cultured cells with a low plating efficiency was developed. Cells were grown in several small palladium squares to obtain a high cell density. These squares were surrounded by non-adhesive agarose to prevent large distance migration and thereby mixing of the clones. By using easily-cloned hamster cells for comparison it was found that the survival curves were similar to the curves obtained with conventional cloning. The new method was used to compare the radiosensitivity of cultured human glia and glioma cells which both have a low plating efficiency (less than 5 per cent) when seeded sparsely. The survival curves for the glioma cells had high Do-values (1.5--2.5 Gy) and large shoulders (extrapolation numbers around 5) indicating that they were rather resistant and had a high capacity for accumulation of sublethal damage. The survival curves for glia cells had lower Do-values (1.3--1.5 Gy) and no shoulders at all, indicating that they were more sensitive than the glioma cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Diuretic urography in the assessment of obstruction of the pelvi-ureteric junction.

Twenty adult patients with urographic evidence of unilateral, moderately wide renal pelves were examined by routine and diuretic urography. Planimetry of the corresponding calyx system of the two examinations was performed. An increase in size by more than 20 per cent following osmotic diuresis indicated an obstruction of the pelvi-ureteric junction in kidneys with moderately wide renal pelves. Diuretic urography may be useful to diagnose obstruction as a cause of moderately wide renal pelves and to assess operative results.

Adult↗