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Biomedical subjects

S Nikolov

Publications and source records attributed to S Nikolov.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Histochemical and immunohistochemical investigations of the perivascular nerves in rat colonic mucosa].

Using histo- and immunohistochemical methods and conventional transmission electron microscopy (TEM), perivascular nerves of the rat colonic mucosa were investigated. We found that the nerve endings and varicosities operate with various transmitter substances. The morphological findings show that cholinergic and peptidergic nerves are localized around all kinds of terminal microcirculation vessels, while noradrenergic nerves are encountered only near arterioles and venules.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Clinical studies of the therapeutic effect of Flucinom in prostatic cancer].

Experience is recorded in the treatment of prostate cancer with Flucinom in 42 patients at mean age 64 years. This is a new synthetic patent medicine, a nonsteroid antiandrogen, product of the firm Schering (USA). It acts as concurrent inhibitor of the androgen acceptors in the cytoplasm of the glandular epithelium in prostate cells and averts the entry of the androgenic acceptor complex in the nucleus. Treatment was conducted with Flucinom tablets of 250 mg, 3 times daily 1 tablet. Patients in different stages of the disease were treated. The results were recorded for each patient individually at mean duration of the follow-up period 16 months. Twenty-eight patients received only Flucinom medication, in 14 drug treatment was combined with pulpectomy. The effect of treatment was as follows: regression--26 patients (61.9 per cent, stabilization--10 patients (23.8 per cent) and progression--6 patients (14.3 per cent). The results were superior when drug treatment was associated with pulpectomy. Treatment was well tolerated, including in patients with accompanying cardiovascular diseases and initial renal failure. Side reactions were seldom observed and were mild. It is recommended that Flucinom treatment of prostate cancer should gain acceptance, especially in patients with preserved potency.

Androgen Antagonists↗
PubMed1991

[Campylobacter (Helicobacter) pylori in chronic erosive gastritis, duodenitis and gastroduodenitis].

The presence and degree of manifestation of Campylobacter (Helicobacter) pylori in gastroduodenal mucosa were studied in 100 patients (56 men, mean age 51.4 years, and 44 women, mean age 46.5 years) with endoscopically proved chronic erosive gastritis (52 patients), erosive duodenitis (36 patients) and erosive gastroduodenitis (12 patients). The examinations revealed the presence of Campylobacter (Helicobacter) pylori in mean 77% of the patients with erosive gastritis, duodenitis and gastroduodenitis. Campylobacter (Helicobacter) pylori was found most often in patients with chronic erosive duodenitis--83.3%, whereas in the patients with erosive gastritis it was found in 73.07%. In 83.33% of the patients with chronic erosive gastritis, duodenitis and gastroduodenitis the campylobacter infection was well manifested--(++) according to Le Bodie et al (1987). The results allow the conclusion that one of the important pathogenetic factors of erosive gastritis, duodenitis and gastroduodenitis is the Campylobacter (Helicobacter) pylori infection of gastroduodenal mucosa.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1991

[The "sump" syndrome in cholecystectomy patients--its clinical characteristics and endoscopic treatment].

"Sump" syndrome is a rare complication of choledochoduodenoanastomosis (ChDA). 15 patients are discussed, 13 women and 2 men, mean age 47.7 years (32 to 67 years). The clinical picture is classified into two groups: I. with symptoms mainly from pancreas involvement (recurrent pancreatitis and other lesions of the pancreas) and functioning ChDA--10 patients; 2. with symptoms arising from simultaneous impairment of the biliary ducts and pancreas and a tendency toward obliteration of ChDA--5 patients. All patients had been cholecystectomized at various times in the past. To all 15 patients endoscopic papillosphincterotomy was performed which led to restoration of pancreatic drainage in the patients with functioning ChDA and of bile drainage in the patients with obliterated ChDA. The conclusion is that papillosphincterotomy is a reliable, cheap and less risky method than surgical intervention for treatment of "sump" syndrome in patients without suprapapillary stenosis of the biliary duct.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[The treatment of calculi in the iliac segment of the ureter by extracorporeal high-energy shockwave lithotripsy].

Experience is recorded with the treatment of calculi in the iliac segment of the ureter by extracorporal lithotripsy with high-energy stroke waves with lithotriptor of the firm "Dornier", model HM-3. For a period of 2 1/2 years 18 patients at mean age 38 years have been treated. Retrograde catheterization was always performed before lithotripsy. Successful reposition was achieved in 6 patients. In all others lithotripsy was performed in prone position. Special supporting cushions were manufactured and used; they helped for a more stable position of the patient on the stand, facilitate calculus positioning, the load to the knee joints is reduced, the fluoroscopic time is shortened, thus reducing the radiation load to patient and attending personnel. All patients received antibacterial and spasmolytic therapy. The mean length of stay in the clinic was 3.2 days. The results were good in 94.1 per cent of the cases. No early or late complications of urologic or other nature were observed.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[The surgical treatment of congenital hydronephrosis].

Experience is recorded with the operative treatment of congenital hydronephrosis in 56 patients, 14 to 59 years of age, over the period from January 1985 through July 1989. Of major importance for establishing correct diagnosis were excretory urography and ultrasound examination of the kidneys. Retrograde ureteropyelography was performed in only 5 patients on the operation day. Constrictions in the area of the pyeloureteral segment were the most common cause of hydronephrotic transformation of the kidneys. Because of the encouraging results, the authors give preference to the plastic operation by the method of Anderson-Hynes with drainage of the urine through nephrostoma and intubation drain for a period of 12 to 15 days. Operations for congenital hydronephrosis consisting only of removal of the adhesions in the area of the pyeloureteral segment are not advised.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Extracorporeal lithotripsy of kidney and ureteral calculi after open operations].

Experience is recorded with the application of stroke-wave extracorporeal lithotripsy of calculi which have remained after open-technique operations for coral-shaped calculosis. Fifteen patients, 11 women and 4 men at mean age 43 years have been treated for the period 1.01.1989 through 7.02.1990. They all had nephrostoma placed by operation. Extracorporeal lithotripsy (ECL) was performed mean 14 days after the operation. The mean length of stay in hospital was 23 days. All patients were calculi-free 3 months after ECL. It is recommended to place nephrostoma when the kidney has not been fully freed from calculi during operation, to allow further performance of ECL. This helps to achieve quicker and complete removal of calculi from the urinary tract, which in turn contributes to successful of the urinary infection.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Several ultrastructural peculiarities of the fascia transversalis in direct inguinal hernias of senile men].

Fascia transversalis of the dorsal wall of the inguinal canal in direct hernias in senile men was studied by transmission electron microscopy. Collagen microfibrils (CMF) were unevenly arranged and rarely formed compact fibres. Dysplastic CMF with variable diameters and nonuniform profiles were also encountered. There was a marked collagenophagy: in some fibroblasts we observed collagen-containing vacuoles in different stages of microfibrillar degradation. Among CMF matrix vesicles were also detected. These ultrastructural findings are discussed as a morphological substrate leading to supportive and mechanical insufficiency of the fascia transversalis causing herniation. It is concluded also that because of the structural defects of the fascial sheath there is a need of alloplastic reconstruction where Bulgarian-made AMPOXEN tissue can successfully be applied.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Diagnosis and surgical treatment of primary tumors of the renal pelvis and ureter].

The incidence of primary tumors of the renal pelvis and ureter is progressively increasing; now they account for about 10 per cent of all urothelial tumors with predominance of papillary ones. They metastasize early, most frequently in the liver, the bones and the lung. For a period of 10 years, 46 patients with upper urinary tract tumors of epithelial origin have been examined and treated. In 30 of these patients (65.2 per cent) the cancer was localized in the renal pelvis and in 16 (34.8 per cent) in the ureter. In 40 patients (87 per cent) the initial symptom was hematuria with dull or colic-like pain in the lumbar area. Excretory urography and retrograde ureteropyelography are essential for the exact diagnosis. Treatment should be early and radical--nephrectomy with total ureterectomy and excision of part of the bladder wall near the ureter orifice. Organ-preserving operations are indicated only in cases of single kidney or accompanying disease of the other kidney, which after some time may require its removal.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[A new method for the surgical treatment of urinary incontinence following surgery of the prostate].

A new method is reported for operative treatment of urine incontinence, following transversal adenomectomy and transurethral resection of the prostate gland. The operative technique is described in detail. Its basic point is placing of a small "Ampoxen" ball over the urethral bulbus. Disappearance of the incontinence after such an operation is due both to the compression on the bulbar part of the urethra and to the formation of connective tissue, which proliferates into the sheet being placed. Twelve patients from 62 to 75 years of age were treated in this way. In 10 of them the immediate and the late results are considered very good. Incontinence disappeared until the 3. day after removing the indwelling catheter. In the other two patients the result is considered satisfactory. The encouraging results make the authors prefer the method which they suggest for postoperative urine incontinence.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[The treatment of coralliform kidney calculosis with extracorporeal lithotripsy, percutaneous lithotripsy and ureteroscopy].

Experience is recorded with the combined treatment of 53 patients with coralliform renal calculosis. Combined application of bypass lithotripsy (BLT), percutaneous lithotripsy (PLT) and ureterorenoscopy (URS) is an alternative to open surgical intervention. Depending on the size, form and position of the calculus, the degree of destruction of the residual concrements, combined therapy was applied, as follows: 17 patients--PLT and BLT, 7 patients--PLT, BLT and URS, 7 patients--URS and BLT, 13 patients--BLT and URS, 8 patients--BLT and URS. Very good results were obtained--complete cure in 51 patients (96.2 per cent), which encourage the authors to recommend the three methods for routine application in the treatment of coralliform renal calculosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Neurogenic urination disorders following radical surgical interventions in rectal carcinoma].

Experience is recorded with the study of 16 patients with neurogenic disorders of urination following radical operative interventions for rectal cancer. Their causes and the changes which they produce in the urinary tract are discussed in detail. The need of purposely carried out urologic investigations, such as excretory urography, cystography in anteroposterior, lateral and oblique projections and during micturition, bladder tonometry and measurement of residual urine is emphasize. The experience gained with conservative, operative and physical therapy is discussed. Particular attention is focused on the provision of adequate drainage of the urine from the bladder during the early postoperative period and the prophylaxis of urinary infection. Inferences are drawn on the complexity of the problem and the need of early diagnosis, treatment and repeated check-up of the patient state.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Symbolic trepanations of skulls from the Middle Ages (IXth-Xth century) in Bulgaria.

Symbolic trepanations (ST) of skulls (IXth-Xth century) found in north-eastern Bulgaria near the West coast of the Black Sea were Studied. It was established that trepanations were performed on subjects well over the age of thirty and cover 41% from the total material which is the highest frequency documented so far. Tracks of the ST are localized most often on and round the sagittal suture, bregma and lambda. Their number ranges from 1 to 9 per cranium with a diameter of 3-4 to 20-28 mm and a depth of 1 to 6 mm. They are usually round and encircled with a prominent ridge. In this article we try to explain the reasons for the symbolic trepanations as well as the link between the traditions of the ancient Turkish nations and Chinese medicine.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy of stones in the ureter.

In the present paper we report on one-year experience with the application of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) in 157 patients with stones in the ureter 63 of which were in the pyeloureteral segment, 52 in the lumbar part and 42 in the distal third. The indications and contraindications for lithotripsy, the peculiarities in performing the manipulation are determined and the results analysed. They are evaluated as very good because 78.98% of the patients have passed completely disintegrated stones up to the tenth day after lithotripsy. The average hospital stay was 4.08 days. The drawback of the method is the high cost of manipulation.

Humans↗