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Biomedical subjects

S Nieminen

Publications and source records attributed to S Nieminen.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

The effects of dorsal noradrenergic bundle lesions on spatial learning, locomotor activity, and reaction to novelty.

The dorsal noradrenergic bundle (DNB) of male Wistar rats was lesioned bilaterally using intracerebral injections of 6-hydroxydopamine neurotoxin. Some of the rats were trained in a water maze using an "alternation" strategy, where the two positions of the hidden platform in the pool were changed between successive trials in the daily tests, and other rats in a water maze, where the temperature of the water was lowered to about 11 degrees C. The rats trained in the cold-water maze were also tested in open-field and saccharin neophobia tests. No differences were found between the two groups in learning of water maze tasks or in locomotor activity in the open-field tests. However, the saccharin neophobia test revealed an increased neophobia in the DNB-lesioned rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Tetanus].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Humans↗
PubMed1988

Late compression neuropathies after Colles' fractures.

Conservative management of 166 Colles' fractures was associated with a 12% rate of late compression neuropathies (mean follow-up period, 28 months). Compression of the median nerve (8%) was twice as common as ulnar nerve compression (4%). Eighty-five percent of the patients with median nerve compression had malunion with radial collapse with or without other deformities (dorsal angulation/radial displacement). Patients with ulnar nerve compression had either malunion with radial collapse or volar subluxation of the ulnar head in those fractures that healed with dorsal angulation. Patients without nerve complications showed a significantly lower rate of malunions. These results demonstrate that anatomic derangements play a role in the development of late compression neuropathies following Colles' fractures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Resection of the palmaris longus tendon in surgery for Dupuytren's contracture.

The present investigation presents preliminary results of the operative method, where resection of the palmaris longus tendon is combined with regional fasciectomy in the treatment of Dupuytren's contracture. This procedure was developed to prevent recurrence which has been the biggest problem in the treatment regardless the surgical methods employed. The investigation included 70 consecutive patients (80 hands) treated for Dupuytren's contracture; the mean follow-up time was 47 months (62 patients). 96% of the recurrences occurred during the first two years. 42 hands were treated with regional fasciectomy and in these 18 recurrences (43%) were observed. Recurrences were found only in 23% (6/26) of the patients in whom the palmaris longus tendon was eliminated. Following resection of the palmaris longus tendon recurrences manifested themselves mainly in the fingers in the nodular cutaneously fixed form. From the promising results and absence of side effects of resection of the palmaris longus tendon the procedure can be recommended combined with surgical treatment of Dupuytren's contracture.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Elective treatment of regional lymph nodes in malignant melanoma.

Malignant melanoma of Clark level II to V was studied in 96 patients. An elective dissection or elective irradiation of the regional lymph nodes was performed in 45 patients, whereas 51 patients were not treated electively. No statistically significant differences were observed as to the survival or recurrence-free time in the regional lymph nodes in either of these two patient groups. Between the patient groups with or without selective treatment, there was not any significant difference either, even when the prognosis and recurrence of the patients were correlated to the invasion level of the primary melanoma according to Clark or Breslow.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Proteolytic enzymes and plasminogen activator in melanoma.

Proteolytic activities were measured in extracts of human skin melanoma, lymphatic metastasis and in nonmalignant naevi by using various proteinase substrates as well as plasminogen activator assay. pH-optima for hydrolysis of various proteinase substrates by these tumors were found to be essentially the same as in healthy human skin. Melanoma extracts were found to especially readily hydrolyze N-alpha-benzoyl-DL-arginine beta-naphthylamine (BANA) at pH 5.8 in the presence of 1 mmol/l dithiothreitol and EDTA (cathepsin B1-like enzyme) as well as histones and p-tosyl-L-arginine methyl ester (TAME) at pH 7.5, and showed increased capacity to activate plasminogen when compared to nonmalignant naevus. The possible role of proteinases in malignant melanoma is discussed.

Humans↗
PubMed1979

Surgical treatment of local recurrences of breast carcinoma in the skin and subcutaneous tissues.

Twenty-six cases of local recurrence of breast carcinoma in the skin and subcutaneous tissues after treatment with radical excision and large skin grafts or reconstruction are presented. Seventy-seven per cent of the patients were alive 2 years after the treatment. As a chest wall recurrence of breast cancer in the absence of distant metastases does not always indicate a generalization of the disease, radical reconstructive surgery is recommended as the therapy of choice.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Impaired lymphocyte transformation after accidental trauma.

The effect of accidental trauma on lymphocyte transformation induced by phytohaemagglutinin (PHA), concanavalin A (Con A), pokeweed mitogen (PWM) and purified protein derivative of tuberculin (PPD) was studied in 66 patients with minor, moderate or multiple trauma. An in vitro whole blood micromethod was used. The lymphocyte transformation induced by the mitogens and the antigen was impaired in patients with trauma in proportion to the severity of the injury. A decrease of lymphocytic responses to a very low level had prognostic value for the patient as indicated by the two patients with very low lymphocytic responses and serious infectious complications.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Burn injuries in Finland.

In the present investigation the burn injuries in Finland are estimated for a non-selected burns population. Annually 0.4% of the population seek medical care for burn injuries. The incidence of burns cases requiring hospital admission is 35/10(5) inhabitants/year. After initial treatment in the emergency ward, approximately 10% of burned adults and up to 25% of burned children are hospitalized. Of all burns cases requiring hospitalization, 55% are children under 15, 40% are adults of working age and only 5% are over 65 years of age. Men comprise two-thirds of the patients. The estimated bed capacity according to data collected is 20 per one million inhabitants (16 in the case of a continuous 100% load): 12 for adults and 8 for children. Of all the fatalities from burns, approximately 70% of deaths occur immediately from injury. The overall hospital mortality of burned adults is 5%, and 1% in children. The most typical burned child is a toddler with a burn covering less than 5% of the skin surface. The average burned adult in hospital is a man of 42 with 12% burn of total skin surface (3% of third degree) and who is discharged after 17 days of hospitalization.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Acute effects of burn injury on tissue gas tensions in the rabbit.

Early effects of 10% full-thickness skin burn on subcutaneous tissue PO2 and PCO2 levels were studied in anesthetized rabbits. Tissue gas tensions were determined by means of implanted Silastic tonometers in two different areas in each animal--the burn site itself, and an area remote from the injured tissue. Thermal injury resulted in a rapid, progressive decrease of the tissue PO2 in both locations, with the greatest decrease at the burn site. The minimum PO2 levels were achieved 3-6 hours post burn. The POC2 values increased markedly both in the burn areas and in the distant tissues immediately after the trauma and reached their maximum within 1-3 hours post burn. The greatest accumulation of carbon dioxide occured at the burn site. Six hours after burn the tissue PCO2 levels had been normalized. During the 6-hour observation period the mean arterial PO2 of the burned animals increased gradually from 73 to 95 mmHg, while the mean arterial PCO2 decreased by more than 50% of the original level. The latter effect was probably caused by hyperventilation. Intra-arterial injection of 5 ml of arterial blood from a burned rabbit into a control animal 3 hours post burn induced a significant decrease in cardiac output as well as decline in arterial, intraperitoneal, and tissue PO2 levels in the control rabbit, probably due to a circulatory depressant factor(s) present in the burn blood. When the same test was carried out one hour post burn or with normal blood, no decrease in oxygen tension occurred.

Animals↗