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Biomedical subjects

S Niemczyk

Publications and source records attributed to S Niemczyk.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Effect of delays in processing on the survival of Mycobacterium avium-M. intracellulare in the isolator blood culture system.

Concentrations of Mycobacterium avium-M. intracellulare ranging from 10(-1) to 10(3) CFU/ml were added to blood, placed in Isolator tubes, and held at room temperature for intervals ranging from 4 h to 56 days before being processed (centrifugation and culture on Middlebrook 7H10 agar). At all concentrations tested, M. avium-M. intracellulare was recovered after hold times ranging from 4 h to 7 days; the number of final CFU actually increased progressively for hold times of 8 h or more. Hold times of up to 7 days did not increase the time from processing to the first appearance of visible colonies. At an inoculum of 10(2) CFU/ml, M. avium-M. intracellulare was recovered from Isolator tubes processed 56 days after inoculation. Two Isolator blood cultures were drawn from a patient with AIDS; M. avium-M. intracellulare was recovered from the sample processed immediately and from the sample processed after a hold time of 7 days. Since M. avium-M. intracellulare survives for prolonged periods in Isolator tubes, blood cultures may be collected in outpatient settings or in hospitals without mycobacterial culture facilities and shipped to reference laboratories for processing without loss of viability.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1991

[Nephrotoxicity of aminoglycosides. I: Preventive intraperitoneal calcium administration].

UNLABELLED: The effect was studied of intraperitoneal intake of calcium on gentamicin nephrotoxicity in the rats. Two groups of Wistar were studied: G--in the first group gentamicin was injected in single daily dose 100 mg/kg b.w. subcutaneously, GCa--in the second group gentamicin was given s.c. and calcium intraperitoneal in single daily dose 45 mg Ca++/kg b.w. Results were evaluated after 3, 7, and 10 days of gentamicin injections and after ten days of gentamicin removal, Mean creatinine level after ten days of gentamicin administration was in G group 4.52 +/- 0.77 mg%, GCa--1.87 +/- 0.21 mg%, p less than 0.02, mean urea 192. 62 +/- 21.88 mg%, 77.09 +/- 8.68 mg%, p less than 0.01, serum calcium 8.39 +/- 0.15 mg%, 9.96 +/- 0.21 mg%, p less than 0.001, gentamicin in the renal cortex 384.68 +/- 67.62 micrograms/g tissue, 327.38 +/- 81.89 micrograms/g tissue p less than 0.05. Urinary calcium excretion was higher in the GCa group than in the group of control rats. Statistical differences were significant after 3 and 7 days of gentamicin intake. Differences were found also in the light and electron microscopic examination. CONCLUSION: Intraperitoneal calcium loading significantly reduced the gentamicin nephrotoxicity in the rats and lowered gentamicin level in the renal cortex of the rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Nephrotoxicity of aminoglycosides. II. Preventive studies with oral administration of verapamil].

The effect was studied of oral verapamil administration in two different doses on gentamicin nephrotoxicity. Three groups of Wistar male rats were studied: 1) treated with gentamicin 100 mg/kg b.w. subcutaneously, 2) treated with gentamicin s.c. and verapamil 5 mg/100 ml given in drinking water, 3) treated with gentamicin s.c. and verapamil 20 mg/100 ml. The examinations were performed after 3, 7 and 10 days of gentamicin administration and after 10 days of gentamicin removal. Oral verapamil administration in these doses did not prevent the renal functional and histological damage after gentamicin administration. Renal cortex content of gentamicin was lower only after 3 days of gentamicin administration (statistically significantly) in the verapamil groups.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1991

[Nephrotoxicity of aminoglycosides. III. Preventive studies with subcutaneous administration of converting enzyme inhibitor, captopril].

The effect was studied of the converting enzyme inhibitor (captopril) on the gentamicin nephrotoxicity in rats. Captopril 25 mg/kg b.w. and gentamicin 100 mg/kg b.w. were injected subcutaneously in a single daily dose. Three groups of Wistar male rats were studied: 1) treated with gentamicin 3 and 7 days, 2) treated with gentamicin and captopril, 3) treated with captopril. The mean serum creatinine and urea levels and proteinuria in the second group were significantly higher than in the first one. Light and electron microscopy examinations demonstrated increased renal cortex damage in the second group. There were not differences between mean urea and creatinine levels in the third examined group and normal rats. Mechanism of gentamicin nephrotoxicity enhancement in the second group is unknown.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Hyperosmotic saline dextran for resuscitation from traumatic-hemorrhagic hypotension: effect on regional blood flow.

The macro- and microcirculatory effect of small-volume resuscitation with hyperosmotic-hyperoncotic solutions was analyzed in 21 anesthetized beagles subjected to standardized traumatic-hemorrhagic hypotension (laparotomy and exteriorization of the intestine; MAP 40 mmHg for 75 min). Primary resuscitation consisted of bolus infusion of 10% of the blood loss (approx. 4 ml/kg) of either hyperosmotic (7.2%) saline -HSS-, hyperoncotic (10%) dextran 60 -HDS-, or hyperosomotic-hyperoncotic saline dextran (10% dextran 60 in 7.2% saline; HHS). Within 5 min CO was restored and systemic pressure significantly increased. In the HHS-group nutritional blood flow (RBF, measured by radiolabeled microspheres phi 15 microns) in kidneys, gastric mucosa, small intestine, colon, and pancreas was completely restored, while RBF to the myocardium, brain, and skeletal muscles exceeded baseline values. Despite the identical response in central hemodynamics, RBF to gastric mucosa, intestine, pancreas, and kidneys was significantly lower in HSS-animals (P less than 0.05 vs. HHS). In contrast, in the HDS-group CO, splanchnic, myocardial, and renal blood flow remained significantly reduced (P less than 0.05 vs. HHS). Despite the normalization of cardiac output by small volumes of hypertonic solutions, 7.2% saline alone failed to fully restore RBF after protracted traumatic hemorrhage. For the concept of small-volume resuscitation, the hyperosomotic-hyperoncotic solution of 10% dextran 60 in 7.2% saline appears to be most effective to improve organ perfusion during the prehospital period of trauma patients.

Animals↗