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Biomedical subjects

S Newman

Publications and source records attributed to S Newman.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Liver copper levels in intrahepatic cholestasis of childhood.

Liver copper concentration was studied in four groups of age-matched patients and in 9 patients with Wilson's disease of comparable age. Neutron activation analysis of hepatic copper concentration revealed markedly elevated hepatic copper levels, comparable with those in Wilson's disease, in 13 of 15 patients (P less than 0.001) with intrahepatic cholestasis of childhood. In 1 patient, autopsy confirmed very high liver copper values, whereas other tissues, including brain and kidney, gave normal results. Total plasma copper values were elevated in 11 of 13 patients with intrahepatic cholestasis of childhood (P less than 0.001); 24-hr urinary copper excretion was normal in 7 of 12 patients and slightly elevated in 5 (P less than 0.001). Kayser-Fleischer rings were sought in 10 patients and were absent. Hepatic copper concentration was not accurately predicted by plasma copper or 24-hr urinary copper. However, increased urinary copper excretion was associated with hepatic copper concentration greater than 250 microgram per g. It is concluded that copper metabolism is abnormal in intrahepatic cholestastis of childhood and can be distinguished from Wilson's disease. If hepatic copper concentration is greater than 250 microgram per g, copper chelation therapy should be considered.

Activation Analysis↗
PubMed1977

Quantitative requirements for C3 to induce Forssman systemic shock and cutaneous hemorrhagic vasculitis in guinea pigs.

The requirements of complement (C) to induce systemic and cutaneous Forssman reactions were studied in inbred DHC-BA and Hartley strain guinea pigs. After intravenous injection of Forssman antibody, fatal systemic shock was associated with a marked drop in CH50, C4, and C3 and a lesser decrease in C5 hemolytic activity. Platelet counts and leukocyte counts dropped as well. With the use of the purified low molecular weight factor from cobra venom (CVF) to deplete C3, guinea pigs with less than 1% intravascular C3 were protected from lethal shock. Approximately 1% to 3% C3 activity is required for Forssman cutaneous vasculitis. These results confirm earlier studies that classical complement pathway activation occurs in Forssman shock and demonstrate the exquisite biologic efficiency of C3 in provoking the shock syndrome.

Anaphylatoxins↗
PubMed1977

Kayser-Fleischer-like rings in patients without Wilson's disease.

Three patients, one with cryptogenic cirrhosis, one with active chronic hepatitis and one with neonatal hepatitis, were found to have corneal pigmentation rings indistinguishable from early Kayser-Fleischer rings on slit lamp examination. They did not have the clinical features of Wilson's disease and their serum copper and ceruloplasmin concentrations were normal. Urinary copper excretion rates and hepatic concentrations were only slightly raised but were below the range found in symptomatic Wilson's disease. It is concluded that the Kayser-Fleischer ring would no longer be considered as pathognomonic of Wilson's disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Jews and Arabs.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Europe↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Optic atrophy.

A young woman became suddenly aware of visual loss in her left eye. She was found to have optic atrophy giving chronicity to the disease process. A hypopigmented macule on her face along with neuroimaging studies suggested an inflammatory process. A biopsy of the skin lesion was compatible with sarcoidosis. The patient responded to corticosteroid therapy.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sex differences in rates of depression: cross-national perspectives.

Rates of depression are compared by sex in epidemiologic surveys conducted in the United States, Canada, Germany and New Zealand. These surveys used similar sampling and diagnostic techniques and the data were standardized to the age and sex distribution of the USA to facilitate comparisons. Data show that the rates of major depression and dysthymia are higher in females than in males and are approximately equal for bipolar disorder across all four countries. The mean age of onset of major depression did not differ by sex across the four countries. The rates of major depression for males seem to be rising and for females stabilizing for birth cohorts born after 1945 (World War II). New data from the National Comorbidity Survey which has younger birth cohorts can directly examine this issue.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Differential effects of surface and peat fire on soil constituents in a degraded wetland of the northern Florida Everglades.

The effects of surface (aboveground) and peat (belowground) fire on a number of soil constituents were examined within a hydrologically altered marsh in the northern Florida Everglades. Peat fire resulted in losses of total carbon (TC), total nitrogen (TN), and organic phosphorus (Po), while inorganic phosphorus (Pi) and total calcium (TCa) concentrations increased. In addition, peat fire led to a more pronounced vertical gradient in constituent concentrations between upper and lower soil layers. Surface fire also affected soil constituents, but impacts were small relative to peat fire. The effects of physical versus chemical processes during burning were assessed using ratios of constituent to TCa concentrations. This measure indicated that increases in the levels of total phosphorus (TP) in peat-burned areas were due primarily to the physical reduction of soil, while decreases in TN and TC were the result of volatilization. Increases in concentrations of Pi fractions arose from both chemically and physically mediated processes. In an ecological context, the observed soil transformations may encourage the growth of invasive plant species, such as southern narrow-leaved cattail (Typha domingensis Pers.), which exhibits high growth rates in response to increased P availability.

Biological Availability↗